Napoleon Bonaparte - Наполеон Бонапарт

Toulon.
Defeated the Austrians in multiple battles, forcing the Hapsburg emperor

to make peace.
Set up a three-man governing board known as the Consulate.
Took the title of first consulate and in 1802 had himself named consul for life.

Napoleon had enough power to become Emperor.
Napoleon knew he had

support as he held a plebiscite, or ballot in which voters say yes or no. Each time, the French strongly supported him.

and built roads and canals to restore economic prosperity.
Made peace

with the Catholic Church.

women lost most of their newly gained rights.

to France lands including the Netherlands, Belgium, parts of Italy

and Germany.
The Battle of Trafalgar
French naval defeat at the hands of the British.
The Continental System
Economic warfare waged against the British by closing European ports to British goods. The British responded with its own blockade.
This plan did not defeat the British, instead resent grew as prices throughout Europe rose.

from the Continental System due to economic and political frustrations.
Napoleon

responds by sending 400,000 soldiers to Russia. Instead of fighting, Russians retreat East, burning crops and villages (scorched earth) as they went.
When Napoleon entered Moscow he realized he could not feed his troops so he returned home with only 10,000 troops.

the British and Prussian armies at Waterloo, Belgium. The French

lost in a day long battle and Napoleon was forced into exile again.

and France met after the battle of Waterloo.
Goals of the

Congress
Create a lasting peace between the four nations. By legitimacy, or restoring monarchies, Europe was returned to the “status quo.”
Balance of Power
A policy that no one state should be in the position to threaten the independence of another.

tremendous nationalism within the victorious countries. The Congress however redrew

national boundaries without concern for national cultures. This angered European countries and eventually caused the Quadruple Alliance to break apart.