Слайд 1Mass media in Israel in Hebrew
Слайд 2History of the Printed Media
In 1863, two monthly papers established
in Jerusalem, Halevanon and Havatselet, marked the beginning of the
modern Hebrew press in the Land of Israel.
כתב עת עברי שיצא לאור בהפסקות, עיתים כירחון, עיתים כדו-ירחון ועיתים כשבועון בין השנים 1863-1886. הוא החל להופיע בשנת 1863 בירושלים ולאחר מכן המשיך את הופעתו בפריס, במיינץ ובלונדון. רוב השנים היה העיתון עצמאי פרט לשנים 1878-1881 בו הופיע כמוסף לעיתון היהודי-גרמני איזרעליט. עורכיו היו יחיאל ברי"ל, מיכל הכהן, יואל משה סלומון וד"ר מאיר מרקוס להמן. כתבו בו מחשובי הרבנים האורתודוכסים, מאנשי הישוב הישן וראשוני חובבי ציון. מטרת העיתון היתה להביא לקוראיו חדשות מישוב ארץ ישראל והארצות הסמוכות וידיעות על העם היהודי במקומות יישובו. העיתון שימש כפה לעמדות אנשי העדה האשכנזית-פרושית בירושלים ובחו"ל, ולאנשי האורתודוכסיה הקיצונית והמתונה בשאלות העומדות על הפרק.
Слайд 3In 1869, newspapers began to appear regularly in Jerusalem, despite
strict censorship and low circulation.
World War I halted the publication
of newspapers, until the British took control of the country, under a League of Nations
mandate.
Слайд 4When the State of Israel was established in 1948, the
activity of the press was not subjected to any particular
law, although the Mandatory Press Ordinance had required that newspapers be licensed. Instead, the press has been guided by court decisions, which recognize the importance of a free press and its vital role in preserving democracy.
During the eighties and nineties, the Israeli press underwent a process of significant change, not unlike that which occurred in Europe and North America. The media gradually came to be controlled by a limited number of organizations, whereas the papers published by political parties began to disappear. Today, three large, privately-owned conglomerates based in Tel Aviv dominate the mass media in Israel.
Слайд 5Daily Newspapers
Ha'aretz, founded in 1919, is Israel's oldest daily, enjoying
prestige and a reputation for solid, high-level reporting. It is
owned by the Shocken media conglomerate which also owns a publishing house and many local papers.
Слайд 6Yediot Aharonot, founded 1939, has the highest circulation - some
two-thirds of all Hebrew newspaper readers. Such a circulation is
without parallel in Western countries. It is the major component of the Moses family media conglomerate, which also owns a publishing house, produces magazines and local papers and is part owner of a music firm.
Yediot Aharonot
Слайд 7Ma'ariv
Ma'ariv, founded 1948, was for many years the paper with
the largest circulation, but it has since lost ground to
its rival, Yediot Aharonot. It is owned by the Nimrodi family which also owns a publishing company and a music firm and produces popular magazines as well as local newspapers.
Слайд 8Globes
Globes is a financial daily founded in 1983, the youngest
of Israel's daily newspapers. It is privately owned and has
already won a place in the business world.
Слайд 9Israel Newspaper List (by city)
Слайд 10Television in Israel
Television in Israel refers to television broadcasting services
in the State of Israel, inaugurated on March 24, 1966.
Initially, there was one state-owned channel.
Israel Broadcasting Authority building, Romema
In 1986, a second state-regulated channel was launched. This channel became a state-regulated commercial channel in 1993.
An additional commercial channel was introduced in 2002, followed by the introduction of two commercial niche channels: an Israeli Russian-speaking channel (in 2002) and a channel of Israeli popular music (in 2003).
Colour transmissions were introduced gradually around 1980. Satellite-based multichannel service has been available since 2000.
Слайд 11State-managed stations
Channel 1
Channel 33
Israeli Educational Television (Channel 23, also broadcasts
on Channel 1 and Channel 2).
Public-commercial stations
Channel 2
Channel 10
Knesset Channel
(non-commercial)
Music 24 (Israeli music and video clips)
Israel Plus
Israel Plus International
Cables and satellite regulated channels
Sport 5 (formerly known as Channel 5)
Sport 5+
5+ Live
5+ Gold
Sport 1 (Matches of the Israeli football league
Sport 2 (Matches of various European football leagues)
ESPN Israel
Fox Sports Israel
Children's Channel (formerly known as Channel 6)
Hop! (Ages 1-7)
Logi (A science channel for children)
Hallmark Israel
MGM Israel
TCM Israel
Discovery Channel Israel
Animal Planet Israel
National Geographic Israel
History Channel Israel
Good Life Channel
E! Israel
Food Channel
Health Channel
Traveling Channel
Viva
Viva Platinum
Shopping Channel
Ego
Ego Total
BBC Entertainment Israel (formerly BBC Prime)
MTV Israel
Nickelodeon Israel
Disney Channel Israel
Слайд 12National Radio Networks
Arutz 7 Arutz Sheva -
Israel National Radio is the only independant
national radio station.
Galei Zahal Israel Defense Forces Radio. 20 AM and FM transmitters are in use.
KOL Educational Radio Stations Several stations broadcasting from a number of schools and colleges throughout Israel. Mostly education, musical and entertainment programming.
KOL Ha Derekh - Voice of the Road (88FM) Especially for drivers; music and traffic reports, 24hrs.
KOL HaMusica - Voice of Music Classical music and drama, 24hrs.
KOL Radio 4 - Reshet Dalet (Sa'out el Isra'i) News, music and features in Arabic, 24hrs.
KOL Radio One - Reshet Alef General talk programming in Hebrew,, 24hrs.
KOL Radio Two - Reshet Bet News, current affairs and sport in Hebrew, 24hrs.
KOL REQA - Reshet Qlita v'Aliya News, music and features in Russian and Amharic with daily news also in French, Spanish, Yiddish, English, Georgian, Bukharian, Moghrabi, Ladino, Hungarian and Romanian, 0700-2200.
KOL Reshet Gimel (Channel C) Israeli popular music, 24hrs.
