Inventions and inventors

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2012 год

first vacuum cleaner
Television
Refrigeration and air conditioning
The Model T automobile
The sandpaper
Penicillin
The

first artificial satellite
The first personal stereo
Microsoft-DOS (Disk Operating System)
The idea of cloning
Washing machine
The first controlling helicopter
Microwave oven
MP3-player
Atomic clock
Fm-radio

1876 Alexander Graham Bell, an American engineer, invented telephone.
3. Karl

Benz produced the world’s first petrol-driven car in Germany in 1878.
4. In 1895 the Lumiere brothers patented their cinematography and opened the world’s first cinema in Paris.
5. The first Russia’s automobile was designed by P.A.Frez and E.A.Yakovlev. By May 1896 the car had been built.
6. Wilbur and Orville Wright built the first airplane in 1903.
7. The first ballpoint pen was produced in 1940 though it had been invented by L. Biro, a Hungarian artist and journalist, in 1905.
8. In 1908 James M. Spangler from the USA built the first vacuum cleaner.
9. In 1908 US automobile manufacturer Henry Ford created the world’s first car assembly line.
10. John Logie Baird from Scotland invented television in 1926.
11. In 1928 Richard Drew perfected the Scotch tape, which had been invented by Jim Kirst from the USA in 1923.
12. In 1945 the Nobel Prize was given to Alexander Fleming for penicillin that had been discovered in 1928.
13. Sergey Korolyev designed the first artificial satellite in 1957.
14. Akio Morita developed the first personal stereo – Sony Walkman in 1957.
15. In 1981 Bill Gates created Microsoft-DOS (Disk Operating System).
16. Scottish scientist Ian Wilmat developed the idea of cloning in 1997.

French inventor, most noted as one of the inventors of

photography and a pioneer in the field. He is well-known for taking some of the earliest photographs, dating to the 1820s. As revolutionary as his invention was, Niépce is little known even today.

eminent scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with

inventing the first practical telephone. His research on hearing and speech led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first U.S. patent for the telephone in 1876.

engine designer and automobile engineer, generally regarded as the inventor

of the petrol-powered automobile and pioneering founder of the automobile manufacturer, Mercedes-Benz.

Louis Jean (1864– 1948)
The Lumière brothers were among the earliest

filmmakers. Louis had made some improvements to the still-photograph process, the most notable being the dry-plate process, which was a major step towards moving images. The cinematograph itself was patented on 13 February 1895 and the first footage ever to be recorded using it was recorded on 19 March 1895.

– 1912)
The Wright brothers were two Americans who are

generally credited with inventing and building the world's first successful airplane and making the first controlled, powered and sustained heavier-than-air human flight, on December 17, 1903. In two years afterward, the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft. The Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft controls that made fixed-wing flight possible.

the inventor of the modern ballpoint pen.
He presented the first

production of the ball pen at the Budapest International Fair in 1931. Working with his brother George, a chemist, he developed a new tip consisting of a ball that was free to turn in a socket, and as it turned it would pick up ink from a cartridge and then roll to deposit it on the paper. Bíró patented the invention in Paris in 1938.

a janitor in Canton, Ohio invented an electric vacuum cleaner

from a fan, a box, and a pillowcase.

was a British engineer and inventor of the world's first

working television system, also the world's first fully electronic colour television broadcast. Although Baird's electromechanical system was eventually displaced by purely electronic systems his early successes demonstrating working television broadcasts and his colour and cinema television work earn him a prominent place in television's invention.

inventor, and humanitarian, is considered the father of refrigeration and

air conditioning.

founder of the Ford Motor Company and father of modern

assembly lines used in mass production. His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry. He was a prolific inventor and was awarded 161 U.S. patents.

in company Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing which concerned with the

production of the sandpaper, exploratory activity in the field of watertight surfaces and experimented with cellophane. And 27 May 1930 Richard Drew patented his invention - transparent getting sticky tape.

Scottish biologist and pharmacologist. His best-known achievements are the discovery

of the enzyme lysozyme in 1923 and the antibiotic substance penicillin from the fungus Penicillium notatum in 1928, for which he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Howard Walter Florey and Ernst Boris Chain.

Soviet rocket engineer and designer during the Space Race between

the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s. He is considered by many as the father of practical astronautics.

entrepreneur, cofounder of Sony Corp. In 1949, the company developed

magnetic recording tape and in 1950, sold the first tape recorder in Japan. In 1957, it produced a pocket-sized radio.

"Bill" Gates III is an American business magnate, philanthropist, and

chairman of Microsoft, the software company. During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of CEO and chief software architect, and remains the largest individual shareholder. Gates is one of the best-known entrepreneurs of the personal computer revolution.

an English embryologist and is currently Director of the MRC

Centre for Regenerative Medicine at the University of Edinburgh. He is best known as the leader of the research group that in 1996 first cloned a mammal from an adult somatic cell, a Finnish Dorset lamb named Dolly.

as early as 1904. Alva J. Fisher has been incorrectly

credited with the invention of the electric washer. The "inventor" of the electric washing machine remains unknown.

revolution in the United States, built by order of the U.S. Army first sustained controlled helicopter,

which could rise into the air with a load to a height of 5 m and placed in the air for several minutes.

world's first microwave oven «Radarange» was released in 1947 by Raytheon and was not meant for cooking and for the

rapid thawing of products and used exclusively for the military (in the soldiers‘ canteens and cafeterias military hospitals). Its height was approximately equal to human growth, weight 340 kg, power - 3 kW, which is about twice the power of modern household microwave oven. In 1949 they started production. This furnace was worth about $ 3000.

released on the market in 1996

by the natural oscillations of atoms or molecules.

culture, commonly called simply «FM-range"