Слайд 3Inner planets
The inner planets :
The Mercury,
The Venus,
The Earth,
The Mars.
Слайд 4The Mercury.
It is the closest planet to the Sun and
the smallest planet (0.055 Earth masses). The Mercury has no
natural satellites.
Слайд 5The Venus.
It is close in size to the Earth, (0.815
Earth masses). It is much drier than the Earth. The
Venus has no natural satellites. It is the hottest planet, with surface temperatures over 400 ºC.
Слайд 6The Earth.
It is the largest and densest of the inner
planets and is the only place in the universe where
live is known to exist. The Earth's atmosphere is radically different from those of the other planets, having been altered by the presence of life to contain 21% free oxygen.
Слайд 7The Mars.
It is smaller than the Earth and the Venus
(0.107 Earth masses). It possesses an atmosphere of mostly carbon
dioxide. The Mars has two tiny natural satellites (Deimos and Phobos) thought to be captured asteroids.
Слайд 8Outer planets
The outer planets:
The Jupiter
The Saturn
The Uranus
The Neptune
Слайд 9The Jupiter.
The Jupiter has 318 Earth’s masses.The Jupiter has 63
known satellites. The four largest are Ganymede, Callisto, Io, and
Europa, show similarities to the terrestrial planets. Ganymede, the largest satellite in the Solar System, is larger than the Mercury.
Слайд 10The Saturn.
The Saturn is distinguished by it’s extensivering system. The
Saturn has 60% of the Jupiter's volume. The Saturn has
60 confirmed satellites. The Titan is larger than the Mercury and the only satellite in the Solar System with a substantial atmosphere.
Слайд 11The Uranus.
The Uranus is the lightest of the outer planets.
Uniquely among the planets, it orbits the Sun on it’s
side. The Uranus has 27 known satellites, the largest ones being the Titania, theOberon, the Umbriel, the Arieland, the Miranda
Слайд 12The Neptune.
The Neptune though slightly smaller than the Uranus, is
more massive (equivalent to 17 Earths) and therefore more dense.
It radiates more internal heat, but not as much as the Jupiter or the Saturn. The Neptune has 13 known satellites. The largest – the Triton.
Слайд 14Comets are small Solar System bodies, typically only a few
kilometres across, composed largely of volatile ices. Short-period comets have
orbits lasting less than two hundred years. Long-period comets have orbits lasting thousands of years. Old comets that have had most of their volatiles driven out by solar warming are often categorised as asteroids.
Слайд 16The Space Transportation System, or The Space Shuttle is a
spacecraft operated by NASA for orbital human spaceflight missions. Major
missions have included launching numerous satellites and interplanetary probes, conducting space science experiments, and servicing and construction of space stations. The system is scheduled to be retired from service in 2010 after 134 launches.
Слайд 18Sputnik 1 was the first Earth-orbiting artificial satellite. It was
launched into an elliptical low earth orbit by the Soviet
Union on 4 October 1957, and was the first in a series of satellites collectively known as the Sputnik program. Sputnik-1 was launched during the International Geophysical Year from Site No.1, at the 5th Tyuratam range, in Kazakh SSR (now at the Baikonur Cosmodrome).
Слайд 19Orbital flights of Soviet space dogs.
Слайд 20The first animal launched into orbit.
Слайд 21Laika was a Soviet space dog who became the first
animal to orbit the Earth and the first orbital death.
Laika died a few hours after launch, presumably from stress and overheating, probably due to a malfunction in the thermal control system. On April 11, 2008, Russian officials unveiled a monument to Laika. A small monument in her honor was built near the military research facility in Moscow which prepared Laika's flight to space.
Слайд 23Belka and Strelka spent a day in space aboard Sputnik
5 on August 19, 1960 and safely returned to the
Earth. They were the first Earth-born creatures to go into orbit and return alive.