Natural zones of the Earth

учитель географии,
Хворостьяная Наталья Васильевна,
учитель английского языка,
МБОУ «Гимназия №5»,

г. Белгород, 2012

by low temperatures and short growing seasons. The term tundra

comes from Kildin Sami language, which means "uplands, treeless mountain tract". There are two types of tundra: Arctic tundra (which also occurs in Antarctica) and alpine tundra. In tundra, the vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra.

[2]

of inland Alaska, Canada, Sweden, Finland, inland Norway, the Scottish

Highlands and Russia (especially Siberia), as well as parts of the extreme northern continental United States (Northern Minnesota, Michigan's Upper Peninsula, Upstate New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine), northern Kazakhstan and Japan (Hokkaido) the taiga is the world's largest terrestrial biome.

[4]

no precipitation. Deserts are defined as areas with an average

annual precipitation of less than 250 millimetres (10 in) per year, or as areas where more water is lost by evapotranspiration than falls as precipitation. In the Thornthwaite climate classification system, deserts would be classified as arid megathermal climates.

structure of these forests include four layers. The upper most

layer is the canopy which is composed of tall mature trees. Below the canopy is the three-layered, shade tolerant understory. The top layer of the understory is the sub-canopy which is composed of smaller mature trees, saplings, and suppressed juveniles canopy layer trees awaiting an opening in the canopy.

and western United States, Canada, central Mexico, South America, Europe,

China, Japan, North Korea, South Korea and parts of Russia. A temperate deciduous forest consists of trees that lose their leaves every year. Some of these trees include oak, maple, beech, and elm.

equator. They are common in Asia, Australia, Africa, South America,

Central America, Mexico and on many of the Pacific Islands. Within the World Wildlife Fund's biome classification, tropical rainforests are considered a type of tropical wet forest (or tropical moist broadleaf forest) and may also be referred to as lowland equatorial evergreen rainforest.

the trees being sufficiently small or widely spaced so that

the canopy does not close. The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach the ground to support an unbroken herbaceous layer consisting primarily of grasses.

Пустыня
[6] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert Пустыня
[7] http://www.prigoroda.net/index.php?part=3§ion=1&person=1&picture=8 Смешанный лес
[8] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_broadleaf_and_mixed_forests Смешанный лес
[9] http://www.brestobl.com/tur/virtur/03belp/89.html

Лиственный лес
[10] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deciduous_forest Лиственный лес
[11] http://times.ua/story/79226/ Тропический лес
[12] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rainforest Тропический лес
[13] http://dagot.ucoz.ru/forum/29-341-1 Саванна
[14] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savanna Саванна
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