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Tower of London (презентация по английскому языку)

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The Tower of London is a complex located on the Thames River in London. It has a rich history dating back to the 11th century

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Слайд 1TOWERS OF THE TOWER OF LONDON

TOWERS  OF   THE TOWER   OF LONDON

Слайд 2The Tower of London is a complex located on the

Thames River in London. It has a rich history dating

back to the 11th century
The Tower of London is a complex located on the Thames River in London. It has a

Слайд 3William the Conqueror founded the Tower of London in year

1066. The tower was built by the medieval style. It

served as fortress by protecting and controlling the city of London. It was royal residence, prison and the symbol of the royal authority.
William the Conqueror founded the Tower of London in year 1066. The tower was built by the

Слайд 4 Tower of London is composed of the towers

of White, Wardrobe, Broad Arrow, Constable, Martin, Bowyer, Flint, Devereux,

Beauchamp, Bell, Byward, Middle and site of Lion, Bloody, Wakefield, St. Thomas, Lanthorn, Cradle, Well and Salt. It is composed also of Traitors Gate, Queen´s House, Legge´s Mount and Brass Mount.
Tower of London is composed of the towers of White, Wardrobe, Broad Arrow, Constable, Martin,

Слайд 5The White Tower is a central tower at the Tower

of London. The great central keep was started in 1078

by William the Conqueror who ordered the White Tower to be built inside the south-east angle of The City walls, adjacent to the River Thames. This was as much to protect the Normans from the people of the City of London as to protect London from outside invaders.
The White Tower is a central tower at the Tower of London. The great central keep was

Слайд 6William ordered the Tower to be built of Caen stone,

which he had specially imported from France, and appointed Gundulf,

Bishop of Rochester as the architect. The tower was finished around 1087 by his sons and successors, William Rufus and Henry I.
William ordered the Tower to be built of Caen stone, which he had specially imported from France,

Слайд 8The highest room on the first floor, extending into the

top floor, is the chapel to St. John the Evangelist

built inside the White Tower in 1080, making it the oldest church in London.
The Chapel is about 55 feet long by 31 feet wide and 32 feet tall. Twelve Massive Norman columns dominate.
The highest room on the first floor, extending into the top floor, is the chapel to St.

Слайд 10Royal Armory
While the first inventory of Royal armor was

taken upon Henry VIII's death, it wasn't until 1660 that

the Armory in the White Tower began to display some of it as an early museum. Most of the surviving armor of the Tudor and Stuart kings is on display here.
Royal Armory While the first inventory of Royal armor was taken upon Henry VIII's death, it wasn't

Слайд 12 The Small Armoury includes the armor and swords of

the 1500s and then descends to the rifles and small

arms of 1600s and 1700s.
The Small Armoury includes the armor and swords of the 1500s and then descends to the

Слайд 13The "Spanish Armoury," comprising weapons reputed to have come from

the defeated Spanish Armada in 1588.

The

Слайд 14The 'Spanish Armoury' contains the Tower's historic instruments of torture,

including the infamous block and axe.

The 'Spanish Armoury' contains the Tower's historic instruments of torture, including the infamous block and axe.

Слайд 15The "Line of Kings," which showed some of the armour

of successive sovereigns, mounted on wooden dummies and horses that

had been carved by such well-known artists as Grinling Gibbons and John van Nost.
The

Слайд 16Artillery
Room

Artillery Room

Слайд 17The Bloody Tower
was built by
King Henry III
between 1238

- 1272
The purpose of the Bloody Tower was defensive It

was also used as an infamous prison
The Bloody Tower was originally named the Garden Tower But was given this nickname from the murderous events which were believed to have occurred in the building
The Bloody Tower was built by King Henry IIIbetween 1238 - 1272The purpose of the Bloody Tower

Слайд 18The "Princes in the Tower", Edward V of England (November

4, 1470 – 1483?) and his brother, Richard of Shrewsbury,

1st Duke of York (17 August 1473 – 1483?), were placed in the Tower of London by their uncle, Richard III of England in 1483, and they were never seen again. Their fate remains unknown, although many presume them to have been killed there.
The

Слайд 19In 1674, the skeletons of two children were discovered under

the staircase leading to the chapel. These were believed to

have been the remains of the two princes. On the orders of Charles II the remains were reburied in Westminster Abbey.
In 1674, the skeletons of two children were discovered under the staircase leading to the chapel. These

Слайд 20Sir Walter Raleigh a famed English writer, poet, soldier, courtier

and explorer spent his long term of imprisonment in the

Bloody Tower but was not killed there in mysterious circumstances. He was beheaded at Whitehall some years later.
Sir Walter Raleigh a famed English writer, poet, soldier, courtier and explorer spent his long term of

Слайд 21Sir Walter Raleigh’s study in the Bloody Tower
Sir Walter Raleigh’s

bedroom in the Bloody Tower

Sir Walter Raleigh’s study in the Bloody TowerSir Walter Raleigh’s bedroom in the Bloody Tower

Слайд 22St Thomas's Tower
was built by
King Edward I
between 1275

- 1279
The purpose of St Thomas's Tower was defensive and

to provide direct access from the River Thames
St Thomas's Tower was built by King Edward Ibetween 1275 - 1279The purpose of St Thomas's Tower

Слайд 23One room in St. Thomas's Tower in the Tower of

London was originally the King's Chamber King Edward stayed at

the Tower in 1294 and is likely to have slept in this room in a great bed.
One room in St. Thomas's Tower in the Tower of London was originally the King's Chamber King

Слайд 24King Edward I also built the infamous river entrance to

the Tower of London known as Traitors' Gate.
It was used

for the admission of State prisoners who were brought to the Tower of London by the River Thames.
King Edward I also built the infamous river entrance to the Tower of London known as Traitors'

Слайд 25The Wakefield Tower
was built by
King Henry III
between
1238 -

1272
This tower was part of the original Norman plan. The

upper storey was rebuilt by Henry III, who made it the entrance to his palace on the east.
The Wakefield Tower was built by King Henry IIIbetween1238 - 1272This tower was part of the original

Слайд 26Throne Room. The upper chamber of the Wakefield Tower built

for Henry III between 1220 and 1240.

Throne Room. The upper chamber of the Wakefield Tower built for Henry III between 1220 and 1240.

Слайд 27The Broad Arrow Tower
was built by
King Henry III
between

1238 - 1272
The purpose of the Broad Arrow Tower was

to house part of the garrison
The name of the Tower is believed to reflect the weapons of the armed men who were garrisoned there
The Broad Arrow Tower was built by King Henry IIIbetween 1238 - 1272The purpose of the Broad

Слайд 28
was built by King Henry III. between 1238 – 1272.

The purpose of the Constable Tower was accommodation and as

a prison. The name of the Constable Tower is believed to be due because the Constable of the Tower of London originally lived in this building.

The Constable Tower

was built by King Henry III. between 1238 – 1272. The purpose of the Constable Tower was

Слайд 29The Martin Tower
was built by
King Henry III
between 1238

- 1272
The purpose of the Martin Tower was to be

used as a prison. It was also used to store the Crown Jewels between 1669 and 1841 when it was referred to as the Jewel Tower.
The Martin Tower was built by King Henry IIIbetween 1238 - 1272The purpose of the Martin Tower

Слайд 30The Bowyer Tower
was built by
King Henry III
between 1238

- 1272
was named for the royal bowmakers who lived there.

George, Duke of Clarence was imprisoned in the Bowyer for treason against his brother, King Edward IV. In 1478 he died in the Bowyer tower supposedly by drowning in a barrel or butt of malmsey wine
The Bowyer Tower was built by King Henry IIIbetween 1238 - 1272was named for the royal bowmakers

Слайд 31The Byward Tower
was the great Gatehouse of the Outer

Ward and is in part the work of Henry III,

and in part that of Richard II
was built between
1238 - 1272
and strengthened further during Richard II reign The purpose of the Byward Tower was to offer additional protection to the central keep and possessed two portcullis.
The Byward Tower was the great Gatehouse of the Outer Ward and is in part the work

Слайд 32The Deveraux Tower
was built by King Henry III between 1238

- 1272
In general terms the towers were built for accommodation,

including prisons, and as gateways protecting the Tower of London.
The Deveraux Towerwas built by King Henry III between 1238 - 1272In general terms the towers were

Слайд 33The Deveraux Tower was named after Robert Devereux the Earl

of Essex who on 25th February 1601 was executed for

treason
by Queen Elizabeth I. He wanted to overthrow the Queen. But the rebellion collapsed.
The Deveraux Tower was named after Robert Devereux the Earl of Essex who on 25th February 1601

Слайд 34The Beauchamp Tower
was built by
King Edward I
between 1275

- 1281
The Beauchamp Tower was for defensive purposes. It was

quickly used to lodge prisoners of rank.

The Beauchamp Tower was built by King Edward Ibetween 1275 - 1281The Beauchamp Tower was for defensive

Слайд 35Its present name probably refers to the residence in it

as a prisoner of Thomas, third Earl of Warwick, of

the Beauchamp family, who was attainted under Richard II in 1397, but restored to his honours and liberty two years later under Henry IV.
Its present name probably refers to the residence in it as a prisoner of Thomas, third Earl

Слайд 36
The Bell Tower
was built during the reigns of Richard

the Lionheart by his regent William Longchamp, the Bishop of

Ely and completed during the reign of King John
between 1190 - 1210
The bell the Bell Tower contained was rung at times of danger and immediately all drawbridges were raised, portcullises dropped and gates shut.
The Bell Tower is the second oldest building in the castle complex.
The Bell Tower was built during the reigns of Richard the Lionheart by his regent William Longchamp,

Слайд 37Among the most famous prisoners confined to the Bell Tower

was Sir Thomas More

imprisoned there in 1534

On 17 March 1554 a terrified Princess Elizabeth was taken by barge to the Tower of London, entering via Traitor's Gate, beneath St Thomas's Tower and was confined to the Bell Tower by her sister Queen Mary ( Bloody Mary )

Among the most famous prisoners confined to the Bell Tower was

Слайд 38The Middle Tower
was originally built by Henry III, but

has been entirely refaced. between 1238 - 1272
The Middle Tower

was so named because it was built between two other towers. The two towers on either side of the Middle Tower are the Lion Tower (no longer visible) and the Byward Tower.
The Middle Tower was originally built by Henry III, but has been entirely refaced. between 1238 -

Слайд 39The Salt Tower

was built by
King Henry III
The date

the Salt Tower was built was between
1238 - 1272
The

purpose of the Salt Tower was initially residential.
The Salt Tower was built by King Henry IIIThe date the Salt Tower was built was between

Слайд 40The Salt Tower was once referred to as Balliol's Tower

having once imprisoned John Balliol the King of Scotland in

1297 - 1299.
The Salt Tower was once referred to as Balliol's Tower having once imprisoned John Balliol the King

Слайд 41The Cradle Tower
was built by
King Edward III
The

date the Cradle Tower was built was believed to be

in 1360
The purpose of the Cradle Tower was to provide King Edward III with a private water entrance to his apartments
The Jesuit priest John Gerard escaped from the Cradle Tower in 1599
The Cradle Tower was built by King Edward III The date the Cradle Tower was built was

Слайд 42The Brick Tower
was built by King Henry III between

1238 - 1272
Sir Walter Raleigh (1552-1618) was briefly imprisoned in

the Brick Tower in 1592, when he offended the vain Queen Elizabeth by marrying Elizabeth Throckmorton, a maid of honor, without permission. He was released later that year.
The Brick Tower was built by King Henry III between 1238 - 1272Sir Walter Raleigh (1552-1618) was

Слайд 43The Develin Tower
was built
by King Edward I
The Develin

Tower was built during 1282 and the late 1500's a

causeway ran from the Develin Tower across the moat to the since demolished Iron Gate.
The furthest tower to the East is the Develin Tower. It was partly rebuilt during the seventeenth century.


The Develin Tower was built by King Edward IThe Develin Tower was built during 1282 and the

Слайд 44The Well Tower
was built by King Edward I
between
1275

- 1279
The purpose of the Well Tower was to protect

the new river frontage
Two water shafts ran from the tower to an underground well from which fresh water could be drawn



The Well Tower

The Well Tower was built by King Edward Ibetween 1275 - 1279The purpose of the Well Tower

Слайд 45The Lanthorn Tower
was built by
King Henry III
between 1238

- 1272
It is the second largest tower. The Lanthorn Tower

was named for the lantern which was placed in the small turret on top of the tower at night as a guide for ships on the Thames. Prisoners were later housed in the Lanthorn Tower which was partly destroyed by fire in 1774 and subsequently demolished.
The Lanthorn Tower was built by King Henry IIIbetween 1238 - 1272It is the second largest tower.

Слайд 46The Wardrobe Tower
was built during the reign of Richard

the Lionheart by his rent William Longchamp, Bishop of Ely

between 1190-1199, to store clothing, jewels and personal articles of the Royal Family. A portion of the wall of the Roman city of Londinium was found built into the Wardrobe Tower.
The Wardrobe Tower was built during the reign of Richard the Lionheart by his rent William Longchamp,

Слайд 47The Flint Tower
was built by King Henry III between

1238 - 1272
The origins of the name of the tower

are uncertain but it is believed that it was named after The flint stone which was used to build part of the tower
It was built for prisons, and as gateways protecting the Tower of London


The Flint Tower was built by King Henry III between 1238 - 1272The origins of the name

Слайд 48The Legge's Mount
named for George Legge, serves as a protection

on the northwest angle of the Tower of London. A

later addition, it included gun ports for cannons.
The Legge's Mountnamed for George Legge, serves as a protection on the northwest angle of the Tower

Слайд 49Admiral George Legge, 1st Baron Dartmouth (1647 – 1691)

was a British naval commander who gave distinguished service to

both Charles II and James II.
Admiral George Legge, 1st Baron Dartmouth  (1647 – 1691) was a British naval commander who gave

Слайд 50The Brass Mount
It is located on the northeast angle

of the Tower of London. The Brass Mount got it's

name from the enormous brass cannons that were handled at the Tower during the seventeenth century.
The Brass Mount It is located on the northeast angle of the Tower of London. The Brass

Слайд 51The Queen's House
was built in 1530 during the reign of

Henry VIII in Tudor style. Henry VIII probably built the

Queen's House for Ann Boleyn. It is one of the few remaining wood houses in London from this period that survived the Great Fire.
The Queen's Housewas built in 1530 during the reign of Henry VIII in Tudor style. Henry VIII

Слайд 52Anne Boleyn
Queen Consort of England
(1501/1507–

19 May 1536),
was Queen of

England as the second wife of King Henry VIII spent the last days of her life in a small room in the north wing of the Queen’s House.
Anne Boleyn Queen Consort of England (1501/1507–        19 May 1536),

Слайд 53Lady Jane Grey
Jane, Queen of England and Ireland (1536/1537 –

12 February 1554)
was a claimant to the Kingdom of England

and Kingdom of Ireland, who was de facto monarch of England for just over a week in 1553.
She was executed on 12 February 1554 in the Tower of London
Lady Jane GreyJane, Queen of England and Ireland (1536/1537 – 12 February 1554)was a claimant to the

Слайд 54The Waterloo Barracks
The Crown Jewels have been on display

at the Tower of London since the 17th century in

a number of different locations Today they are housed in the Waterloo Barracks, which was built in the 19th century It was built while the Duke of Wellington was Constable of the Tower (1826-52) .
The Waterloo Barracks The Crown Jewels have been on display at the Tower of London since the

Слайд 55The collective term Crown Jewels denotes the regalia and vestments

worn by the sovereign of the United Kingdom during the

coronation ceremony and at other state functions.
The collective term Crown Jewels denotes the regalia and vestments worn by the sovereign of the United

Слайд 56Источники:

http://www.castles.me.uk/the-tower-of-london.htm

http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Заглавная_страница

http://архив картинок google.ru

http://library.thinkquest.org/J0113146/towers_grounds.htm

Источники:http://www.castles.me.uk/the-tower-of-london.htmhttp://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Заглавная_страницаhttp://архив картинок google.ruhttp://library.thinkquest.org/J0113146/towers_grounds.htm

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