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Wage Determination Appendix

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Union Membership15.3 million workers in 20098 million in AFL-CIO (The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations )6 million in Change to Win The Change to Win Federation (CtW) is a coalition) is a coalition of American)

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Слайд 1Wage Determination
Appendix
Copyright © 2012 by The

McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin

Wage DeterminationAppendix Copyright © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.McGraw-Hill/Irwin

Слайд 2Union Membership
15.3 million workers in 2009
8 million in AFL-CIO (The American

Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations )
6 million in

Change to Win The Change to Win Federation (CtW) is a coalition) is a coalition of American) is a coalition of American labor unions 
Remaining in other independent unions

LO7

13App-

Union Membership15.3 million workers in 20098 million in AFL-CIO (The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial

Слайд 3Unionization rate highest among:
Government
Telecommunication
Transportation
Construction
Manufacturing
Lowest among:
Finance
Agriculture
Retail Trade
LO7
Union Membership
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Unionization rate highest among:GovernmentTelecommunicationTransportationConstructionManufacturingLowest among:FinanceAgricultureRetail TradeLO7Union Membership13App-

Слайд 4Distribution of union membership
13% men versus 11% women
14% African American

versus 12% white
11% Asians
10% Hispanics
A trade union (British English, where

also amalgamation is used), labour union (Canadian English) or labor union (American English)

LO7

Union Membership

13App-

Distribution of union membership13% men versus 11% women14% African American versus 12% white11% Asians10% HispanicsA trade union

Слайд 5LO7
Union Membership
13App-

LO7Union Membership13App-

Слайд 6Decline of Unionism
22 million workers in 1980
15.3 million workers in

2009
Structural changes in economy
Increased management opposition to unions
Substitution of machinery

for workers
Improved wages, fringe benefits, and working conditions

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Decline of Unionism22 million workers in 198015.3 million workers in 2009Structural changes in economyIncreased management opposition to

Слайд 7Collective Bargaining
Union status
Closed shop
Union shop
Agency shop
Open shop
(A closed shop is a form

of union security agreement is a form of union security agreement under which the

employer agrees to hire unionmembers only, and employees must remain members of the union at all times in order to remain employed)

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Collective BargainingUnion statusClosed shopUnion shopAgency shopOpen shop(A closed shop is a form of union security agreement is a form of union security

Слайд 8Collective Bargaining
Managerial prerogatives
Wages and hours
Seniority and job protection
Grievance procedures
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Collective BargainingManagerial prerogativesWages and hoursSeniority and job protectionGrievance proceduresLO713App-

Слайд 9The Bargaining Process
Begins 60 days before contract expires
Possibility of strike
Compromise
National

Labor Relations Board
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The Bargaining ProcessBegins 60 days before contract expiresPossibility of strikeCompromiseNational Labor Relations BoardLO713App-

Слайд 10Economic Effects of Unions
Featherbedding and work rules
Output losses from strikes
Efficiency

losses from labor misallocation
Offsetting factors

Featherbedding is the practice of hiring

more workers than are needed to perform a given job, or to adopt work procedures which appear pointless, complex and time-consuming merely to employ additional workers.
The term "make-work" is sometimes used as a synonym for featherbedding.

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Economic Effects of UnionsFeatherbedding and work rulesOutput losses from strikesEfficiency losses from labor misallocationOffsetting factorsFeatherbedding is the

Слайд 11Wn
Wage Rate
Sector 1: Union
Employment
Wage Rate
Sector 2: Nonunion
Employment
N1
0
0
Du=MRP
N2

Wu
Wn




D
E
Ws

Dn=MRP
N1
N3


Economics Effects of

Unions


LO7
13App-

WnWage RateSector 1: UnionEmploymentWage Rate Sector 2: NonunionEmploymentN100Du=MRPN2WuWnDEWsDn=MRPN1N3Economics Effects of UnionsLO713App-

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