Education_in_Great_Britain_Tokareva_K_10-A

middle-class.
Reform Act 1867 - respectable working-class children were provided with

education.
Education Act 1880 - everyone, at least up to the age of 10 had to attend school.
Education Act 1891 - free education.

but a child can be educated privately;
The academic year begins

at the end of summer;
There are 3 stages: primary or elementary , secondary, higher;
The education debates: quality, social justice, freedom of choice.

In First School (infant school) children learn reading and writing,

the basis of arithmetic, music, history, art, geography, technology (age 5 to 7)
In Middle School (junior school) new subjects: physics, chemistry, biology (7 to 11)
much practice
12 compulsory subjects

Secondary modern schools
Grammar schools Technical schools

Ages from 13 to 16
Amount of subjects decreases
Can chose from 5 to 9 subjects
Getting ready for GCSE (A & G marks)

or boarding schools, single-sex or mixed schools.
There are 2,400 schools

in Britain.
10% of all pupils in Britain go to public schools.
Nearly all pupils pass successfully A-level exam.

usually lasts three or four years.
Students go to universities, polytechnics

or colleges of higher education.
There are now about 80 universities in Great Britain.
The academic year is divided into three terms.
Terminal examinations are held at the end of autumn, spring and summer terms. Only two reexaminations are allowed.
British universities usually keep to the customs of the past. Upon graduation all the students have to wear long black gowns and “students caps”.

in Britain. It was founded in the 12-th century and

is a collection of colleges with more then 12,000 students and 1,000 teachers.
Cambridge is the second oldest. It was founded in the 13-th century and has 27 colleges.
They both have a reputation of privileged schools. Many prominent people studied there.
The tutorial system is one of the ways in which these universities differ from all other. Every student has a tutor who plans his work.

YEARS
OF STUDY
Master's Degree
Doctor's Degree
LATER:
needs two further years of

study,
with examination papers and
substantial dissertations

preparing theses which
must make original contributions
to knowledge

UNIVERSITIES
THE CAMPUS UNIVERSITIES
THE NEWER CIVIC UNIVERSITIES

non-collegiate universities in the 19th and the early part of

the 20th centuries.

REDBRICK universities