the nervous system, which consists of a nerve cell body,
dendrites, and an axon.Amount of neurons – 100 billions
A neuron can have about 10000 synapsis.
The Neuron
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The neuron is the anatomical and functional unit of the nervous system, which
Содержание
- 1. The neuron is the anatomical and functional unit of the nervous system, which
- 2. Слайд 2
- 3. Слайд 3
- 4. Слайд 4
- 5. Parts of the neuron
- 6. Dendrites The dendrites are the part
- 7. Dendrites The dendrites are covered with
- 8. Слайд 8
- 9. Axon The axon is the part of
- 10. Axon The end of axon is called
- 11. The cell body The cell body is
- 12. Слайд 12
- 13. Classification of neurons 1. Classification Based on the Number of NeuritesUnipolarBipolarMultipolar
- 14. Classification of neurons2. Classification Based on Axon
- 15. Слайд 15
- 16. Classification of neurons3. Classification Based on Body ShapepyramidalMultangularcircularoval
- 17. Classification of neurons4. Classification Based on Functionsafferent (sensory) efferent (motor) associative
- 18. Synapses Synapse the specialized junction where one
- 19. Слайд 19
- 20. Classification of Synapses 1. The place of junction neuromuscular junctionneuro-neural junctionneuro-glandular junction
- 21. Classification of Synapses2. Synaptic arrangements in the CNS axodendritic synapseaxosomatic synapseaxoaxonic synapse
- 22. Слайд 22
- 23. Classification of Synapses3. Based of type of influenceexcitatoryinhibitory
- 24. Classification of Synapses3. Based on type of synaptic transmissionelectrical synapseschemical synapses
- 25. Electrical synapses Six connexins combine to form
- 26. Chemical synapsesAxon terminalPresynaptic membranePostsynaptic membraneSynaptic cleftSynaptic vesiclesPostsynaptic receptors
- 27. Слайд 27
- 28. Nerve fibers
- 29. Classification of nerve fibers unmyelinated fibersmyelinated fibers
- 30. Myelin sheathMyelin sheath is a fatty white
- 31. Слайд 31
- 32. Nodes of RanvierNodes of Ranvier are periodic
- 33. Слайд 33
- 34. Слайд 34
- 35. Glial cellsGlial cells (neuroglia or glia) are
- 36. Classification of glial cellsSchwann cells supply the
- 37. AstrocytesAstrocytes fill the spaces between neuronsis regulating
- 38. Скачать презентанцию
Parts of the neuron
Слайды и текст этой презентации
Слайд 1
The neuron is the anatomical and functional unit of
Amount of neurons – 100 billions
A neuron can have about 10000 synapsis.
Слайд 6Dendrites
The dendrites are the part of the neuron that
receive signals from other neurons.
The dendrites of a single neuron
are collectively called a dendritic tree
Слайд 7Dendrites
The dendrites are covered with specialized structures
called dendritic spines
that receive some types of synaptic input
Слайд 9Axon
The axon is the part of the neuron that
transmits the signal to another neuron.
The axon begins with
a region called the axon hillockAxons may extend from less than a millimeter to over a meter long
Слайд 10Axon
The end of axon is called the axon terminal
The
terminal is a site where the axon comes in contact
with other neurons and passes information on to them.Axon usually is covered by myelin sheath
Слайд 11The cell body
The cell body is a part of
neuron that contains the nucleus and various organelles
The cell body
is the metabolic and trophic center of the neuron.
Слайд 13Classification of neurons
1. Classification Based on the Number of Neurites
Unipolar
Bipolar
Multipolar
Слайд 14Classification of neurons
2. Classification Based on Axon Length
projection neurons
(pyramidal cells)
local circuit neurons (stellate cells in the cortex)
Слайд 16Classification of neurons
3. Classification Based on Body Shape
pyramidal
Multangular
circular
oval
Слайд 17Classification of neurons
4. Classification Based on Functions
afferent (sensory)
efferent (motor)
associative
Слайд 18Synapses
Synapse the specialized junction where one part of a neuron
contacts and communicates with another neuron or cell type (such
as a muscle or glandular cell).
Слайд 20Classification of Synapses
1. The place of junction
neuromuscular junction
neuro-neural junction
neuro-glandular
junction
Слайд 21Classification of Synapses
2. Synaptic arrangements in the CNS
axodendritic synapse
axosomatic
synapse
axoaxonic synapse
Слайд 24Classification of Synapses
3. Based on type of synaptic transmission
electrical synapses
chemical
synapses
Слайд 25Electrical synapses
Six connexins combine to form a channel called
a connexon
Two connexons (one from each cell) combine to
form a gap junction channel
Слайд 26Chemical synapses
Axon terminal
Presynaptic membrane
Postsynaptic membrane
Synaptic cleft
Synaptic vesicles
Postsynaptic receptors
Слайд 30Myelin sheath
Myelin sheath is a fatty white substance that surrounds
the axon of nerve fibers, forming an electrically insulating layer
The
production of the myelin sheath is called myelination 
Слайд 32Nodes of Ranvier
Nodes of Ranvier are periodic gaps in the
insulating myelin sheaths of myelinated axons where the axonal membrane
is exposed to the extracellular spaceNerve conduction in myelinated axons is referred to as saltatory conduction.
Слайд 35Glial cells
Glial cells (neuroglia or glia) are non-neuronal cells that
maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for
neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems
Слайд 36Classification of glial cells
Schwann cells supply the myelin for the
peripheral nervous system
Oligodendrocytes myelinate the axons of the central
nervous system.Astrocytes
Слайд 37Astrocytes
Astrocytes
fill the spaces between neurons
is regulating the chemical content
of this extracellular space.
regulate the concentration of potassium ions in
the extracellular fluid.
