Слайд 2Name
The name „Indians” has been given by Krzysztof Kolumb, who
thought, that floated to India. In different countries and environments
are olso used another name of Indians for example in Canada there are called Aboriginal Peoples or aborigines ( " people primary ) " , in USA is often used name Native Americans as well as First Americans.
Слайд 4Algonquian language
Algonquian language is closely related to the Anishinaabe
language or a particularly divergent Anishinaabe dialect. It is spoken,
alongside French and to some extent English, by the Algonquin First Nations of Quebec and Ontario.
Слайд 5Na-dene language
Is a proposed Native American language family which
includes the Athabaskan languages, Eyak, Tlingit, and possibly Haida. The
connection of Haida to the other languages is controversial.
Слайд 6Salishan language
Languages are a group of languages of the Pacific
Northwest (the Canadian province of British Columbia and the American
states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho and Montana). They are characterised by agglutinativity and astonishing consonant clusters
Слайд 9Pipes of peace
A peace pipe, also called a calumet or
medicine pipe, is a ceremonial smoking pipe used by many
Native American tribes, traditionally as a token of peace.
A type of herbal tobacco or mixture of herbs was usually reserved for special smoking occasions, with each region's people using the plants that were locally considered to have special qualities or a culturally condoned basis for ceremonial
Слайд 10Indians writing
An independent origin and development of writing is counted
among the many achievements and innovations of pre-Columbian American cultures.
The region of Mesoamerica produced a number of indigenous writing systems from the 1st millennium BCE onwards. What may be the earliest-known example in the Americas of an extensive text thought to be writing is by the Cascajal Block. The Olmec hieroglyphs tablet has been indirectly dated from ceramic shards found in the same context to approximately 900 BCE, around the time that Olmec occupation of San Lorenzo began to wane.
Слайд 11Maia's calendar
It is a primal calendar earlier than any european
calendar.
It is ending in 2012 year so a lot of
scientist thought that it will be the end of World.
It is also work of art showing maia'sbelieves.
Слайд 12Indians warriors and martial art
Indians were pacefull people but they
had to sometimes fight. The main reasons of war were:
-they
want to protect their lands
-show their power
human sacrifing
Often used tactics of subsidiary war, was attacked from concealments. In fights, but certain part played tactics, especially esteemed former individual skills and courage. In fight as important as victory, was honourable death.
Слайд 13Indians weapons
Weapons Of Indians before arrival Of Europeans was enough
poor - consisted usually from bow and arrows, or knives
( stone or copper), hatchets ( tomahawks) and of spears. From regard on lack effective centres of communication( with exception of boat) warriors were planning to go on war with little charge, beginning from oneself only weapons. One used tactics of subsidiary war, one attacked from concealments.
Слайд 14The most important tribes:
Aztecs
Apaches
Sioux
Lakota
Komanches
Blackfeet
Chejens
Nawaho
Слайд 15Aztecs
Aztec is a term used to refer to certain ethnic
groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the
Nahuatl language and who achieved political and military dominance over large parts of Mesoamerica in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries, a period referred to as the Late post-Classic period in Mesoamerican chronology
Слайд 16Tenochtitlan
Main city of Aztecs culture and capital of their country
which was built by Atahualpa.It was one of the most
amazing cities in the world. The most important building was god of sun temple.
Слайд 17Tenochtitlan
Unfortunately this amazing city was damaged by spanish conquistadors so
no picture is based on authentic views of this city.
Слайд 20Human sacrifice
Human sacrifice is the act of homicide (the killing
of one or several human beings) in the context of
a religious ritual (ritual killing). Its typology closely parallels the various practices of ritual slaughter of animals (animal sacrifice) and of religious sacrifice in general. Human sacrifice has been practiced in various cultures throughout history. Victims were typically ritually killed in a manner that is supposed to please or appease gods, spirits or the deceased, for example as a propitiatory offering, or as a retainer sacrifice when the King servants die in order to continue to serve their master in the next life.
Слайд 22Tanatloc
"Wanting Peace" a panmesoamerican shaman God, omnipotent universal power.
Слайд 23Hutzipolth
"Left handed Hummingbird", the tribal God of Tenochtitlan, god
of war and sacrifice
Слайд 24Mixcoatl
means "Cloud Serpent", the tribal God of many of the
Nahua people such as the Tlaxcalteca, god of war, sacrifice
and hunting
Слайд 25Chalchutlicue
means "Jade Her Skirt", Goddess of springs
Слайд 26Apaches
Apache is the collective name for several tribes related groups
of Native Americans in the United States. These indigenous peoples
of North America speak a Southern Athabaskan (Apachean) language, and are related linguistically to the Athabaskan speakers of Alaska and western Canada. The modern term Apache excludes the related Navajo people.
Слайд 29Sioux
are Native American and First Nations people. The term can
refer to any ethnic group within the Great Sioux Nation
or any of the nation's many dialects.
Слайд 31Lakota
are a Native American tribe. They are part of a
confederation of seven related Sioux tribes (the Oceti Sakowin or
seven council fires) and speak Lakota, one of the three major dialects of the Sioux language.
Слайд 34The greatest Indians
Crazy Horse
Atahualpa
Sat Okh
Sitting Bull
Слайд 35Crazy Horse
Crazy Horse (Lakota: Thašuŋka Witko, literally "His-Horse-is-Crazy") (ca.
1840 – September 5, 1877) was a respected war leader
of the Oglala Lakota, who fought against the U.S. federal government in an effort to preserve the traditions and values of the Lakota way of life.
Слайд 37Atahualpa
Borned in August 29, 1533, was the last sovereign emperor
of the Tahuantinsuyu, or the Inca Empire. He became emperor
upon defeating his older half-brother Huáscar in a civil war sparked by the death of their father, Inca Huayna Capac, from an infectious disease thought to be smallpox. During the Spanish Invasion, the Spaniard Francisco Pizarro crossed his path, captured Atahualpa, and used him to control the Inca empire. Eventually, the Spanish executed Atahualpa by garrote, ending the Inca Empire
Слайд 38Sat Okh
Sat Okh ("Long Feather"), also known as Stanisław Supłatowicz
(April 15, 1920 in Canada – July 3, 2003 in
Gdańsk) was a Polish-Shawnee soldier and writer.
He was born and raised near Mackenzie river in North-Western Territory of Canada, to a Polish mother, Stanisława Supłatowicz, and a Shawnee Indian, chief of the tribe - Leoo-Karko-Ono-Ma (Tall Eagle). He was educated in tracking, hunting, living with nature.
Слайд 39Sitting Bull
Lakota: Tataŋka Iyotaŋka or Ta-Tanka I-Yotank, also nicknamed
Slon-he or "Slow"; ca. 1831 – December 15, 1890) was
a Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux holy man, born near the Grand River in South Dakota and killed by reservation police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation during an attempt to arrest him and prevent him from supporting the Ghost Dance movement.
Слайд 41Indians Quotates
“Ikope śni hotanin po! Wayaśice śni ee wawokiye wacin
po.”
Speak without fear! Not criticise to harm but try
help.
“Itri szali matlani wa”
If you want to lie down you have to sit before.
“Apiju eksiye dowla ploa.”
Be patient and shake tree and always something fall down.
It is better have less thunder in mouth and more lightining in your hands.
Do not give hungry man a fish. Give a fishing-rod and teach how to fishing.
Listen or your tongue make you deaf.
You cannot wake up a man who is only imitated sleeping.
White people speak about Jezus-we speak to Him.
How smooth must be the language of the whites, when they can make right look like wrong, and wrong like right."
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