Презентация для урока лингвострановедения "Города Крыма"

Towns of Crimea

the Count Vorontsov but it became famous after the estate

had been bought by the Em­peror Alexander III, He invited the Prince L. Golitsyn, whose work in Expert Committee at the World Wi­ne Exhibition in Paris was awarded with a Legion of Honour by French government, to manage local wi­ne growing and wine making. At the same time the emperor wanted to finish building the palace. The construction of the palace in a la Louis XIII style was started in 1881, but it was completed only in 1902, yet was never fully furnished. The emperor’s family used it only for rest during summer promenades and hun­ting. And the basic reason was that the main wine cellar had been created in Massandra. This impressi­ve construction was finished in 1897.

tunnels 150 m long and 4-5 m wide, fanning from

the central gallery. The soil layer above tunnels is 53 m. Nine galleries - for bottle ripening - are located even deeper.
A sophisticated ventilation system, cooling of the air with water from local waterfalls, and a thick soil layer create an ideal constant temperature for ripe­ning sweet wines, 14-15.5° C.
The capacity initially planned of 800 thousand li­ters of wine in tuns and 1 million 400 thousand bot­tles has been exceeded trice. The collection of rare wines - enoteca - totaling 971 thousand bottles is of particular value. Among them are 11 thousands of unique museum fund, including such rarities as sher­ries De la Frontera of 1775, Gloria of 1830, Paharet of 1848, Muscat ‘Barcelona’ of 1828. The part of this col­lection was immured, and the fascists failed to find it. It is in these cellars that the vintage collection red port Livadia - the favourite wine of Nickolas II - ri­pens finally. ‘White Muscat of Red Stone’ (21 golden medal and 2 Grand-Prix cups) and ‘White Muscat Livadia’ (Grand-Prix cup) have become known worl­dwide.

the Tauri made a sanctuary on Dzenevez- Kala (Genoese Rock).
Under

the Emperor Justinian I In the 6th c. the construction of fortress Gurzuvita started at this rock. In the 13th-15th cc. the Genoese reconstructed and strengthened It. The main defensive block of for­tification was located on the rock’s southern site. The northern site housed a water reservoir, and a small basilica was on the steep rock edge.
In 1811 Duke de Richelieu well- known for Odessa inhabitants built his ‘hermitage’ (French for ‘country house’) in the Genoese Valley. In 1820 Alexander Pus­hkin spent ‘the happiest minutes of life’ in his house. Perhaps, It was the rest in Gurzuf that inspired him to write, ‘I am tempted and vivified by only thought that once I would have a plot of land in the Crimea.’ In Gurzuf he fell in love with Maria Rayevska. The Crimea’s charm was reflected in many his chef-d’oeuvres.

part of Artek. Waves break at rocks far beneath, and

the breath is captured by the amazing view of Aiu-Dag, Rocks Adalary (Brothers), Pushkin’s Rock, the bo­undless sea. The divine scenery opens near the grotto at night when the moon path sparkles between Adalary and spills beneath at the rock bottom.
The works by M. Musorgsky (‘Gurzuf at Aiu-Dag*), D. Burliuk, and N. Nekrasov reflect their admiration of Gurzuf. The artist K. Korovin built his famous cre­ative workshop ‘Salambo’ here; A. Chekhov, a small villa on the rocky cape. Today this place is called Chekhovka, and the hard-reached beach is favourite with nudists. Gurzuf was glorified by the entrepreneur P. Gubonin who transformed this area into the most fas­hionable Crimean resort. He built 7 hotels, the most luxurious Crimean restaurant and planted a beautiful park. The fountains ‘Night’ and ‘Rachel’ have been preserved until our days. 7 kilometers along the sea-side from Gurzuf to Aiu-Dag are occupied by children’s republic Artek, with the area of 280 ha. It includes 10 camps and has capacities for accommodation of 5,000 children at the same time.

the settlement of Partenit to the village of Privetnoye and

is located in the biggest depression on the Southern Coast. In the 6th c. the Byzantine Em­peror Justinian I built the fortress Aluston, initiating the history of the future Alushta. Two 16-meter towers and wall fragments have re­mained from that fortress.
The most picturesque place of Alushta - the Professor’s cor­ner - is located at the Kastel Mo­unt (Greek for ‘fortress’ ) bottom. There are the best sanatoriums, rest houses, and hotels of Alushta, as well as a number of memorial museums: of the architect A. Beke­tov, of the most well-known Rus­sian writer-emigrant I. Shmelev, et al., here. Alushta is not rich in historical monuments, but this lack is more than compensated with marvelous surroundings. The small, but amazingly pic­turesque Cape Plaka (‘Flat Stone’) is to the west of Alushta. The an­cient times remembered the Greek settlement Lampas (lamp, lightho­use’) here.

This is the place for ad­miring splendid views: Mount Be­ar to the west, Bird’s Rocks to the south, and a toy-like castle in Neo Roman style hidden in the old park to the east. This is the former pala­ce of princes Gagarins built by the design of the architect P. Krasnov. Not far from here, on the territory of ‘Karasan’ health center, Italian stone-pines surround the palace of princes Rayevsky. Alexander Pushkin was friends with the estate’s owner and loved his sister Maria Ra­yevskaya. The settlement of Partenit (Greek for ‘maid ) has found a shelter at the eastern Mount Bear slope. In the Middle Ages this was a center of Goth Eparchy. Nu­merous myths including that about Iphigenia menti­on Partenit. To the northeast the Alushta Valley is protected with the most mysterious Crimean mountain, Demerdzhi (Mount Blacksmith). Even the most confir­med sceptic cannot withstand the play of fancy. The fairy tale silhouettes of rocks have inspired many myths.

a Greek church can be seen at the mountain bot­tom.

There was a trade way from Gurzuf to Alushta here in the middle ages, and the fortress played a key part in protecting eastern borders of the Feodoro Principality.
The Valley of Ghosts is not far from the fortress. In the evening this valley studded with stone chaos animates. Legendary heroes, fortress towers, fantastic monsters are approaching from the haze. This asto­nishing performance cannot but capture your mind and emotions, and you will never forget it.

top from Simpheropol road. This bust created by the nature

is called ‘Head of Catherine II’ or ‘Maria’ (by the myth about the girl and the blacksmith).
One of the tourist attractions, Dzhur-Dzhur (‘Babbling’) waterfalls, the most full-flowing water­falls in the Crimea, are at Demerdzhi slope in Khapkhal Canyon. Observing the mountain necklace around Alus­hta you are struck with Mount Chatyr-Dag (‘Mar­quee Mount’). The greatest mountain’s attraction is carst caves, unique for their beauty, with numerous stalactite and stalagmite decorations. The caves here total 150. The Marble Cave and Emine-Bair-Khosar Cave are furnished for tourist visiting. Chatyr-Dag is popular also among winter sports fans. There is a mountain ski route on its slopes. From here, standing 1.5 km over the sea, you may observe the whole step­pe Crimea, the Sea of Azov, and the Eupatoria Gulf in fine weather.