The 12th of April is Cosmonautics Day 8-9 класс

М.Ю., МБОУ СОШ №19

making a 108-minute orbital flight in his Vostok 1 spacecraft

on 12 April 1961.

Russia, put forward several ideas about space travel. Tsiolkovsky’s idea

of spaceship was based on the use of liquid fuels.

He is considered by many as the father of practical

astronautics

Sergei Pavlovich Korolyov- is a famous scientist and founder of practical cosmonautics. He was the chief constructor of the first Earth sputniks and spaceships. Then followed rockets to the Moon, Mars, Venus.

.

Alexei Leonov stepped into outer space from the Voskhod 2

spacecraft.

first person to set foot upon the Moon on 20

July 1969.

that organisms from Earth could live in space. To demonstrate

that, they sent the world's second artificial space satellite — Sputnik 2 — to space from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on November 3, 1957. On board there was a dog Laika (Barker in Russian).
During the Sputnik series of satellites, the Russians prepared to send men to orbit by sending dogs first. At least thirteen Russian dogs were launched toward orbit between November 1957 and March 1961.

Soviet cosmonaut  and the first woman in space. She was on

the Vostok 5 mission which launched on June 16, 1963, and orbited the Earth 48 times. The flight lasted 2.95 days (=70.8 hours). During her space mission, Tereshkova's radio call name was "Chaika," which means "seagull" in Russian.

Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova

is full of planets, moons, asteroids, comets, minor planets, and

many other exciting objects. The solar system is made up of two parts: the inner solar system contains Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. These four planets are closest to the Sun. The outer solar system contains Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. Planets and their moons of the solar system moves around the sun.

hundreds B) millions C)

billions
2. How many kilometres is an astronomical unit? A) 150million B) 170 million C) 180 million
3. An astronomical unit is the distance from… A) the sun to other stars B) Earth to the sun C) Earth to the moon
4. How many kilometres is a light-year? A) 7, 46 trillion km B) 8, 46 trillion km C) 9, 46 trillion km
5. Which planet is closest to the sun? A) Mercury B) Venus C) Mars
6. Which planet is farthest to the sun? A) Saturn B) Uranus C) Neptune
7. How big is the Milky Way galaxy? It is about … A) 200,000 light-years B) 150,000 light-years C) 100,000 light-years
8. The Milky Way is a…galaxy A) spiral B) spherical C) round
9. Proxima Centauri is a (an)… A) planet B) star C) asteroid
10. New stars form near the centre of a … A) solar system B) galaxy C) sun

Space

hot ball of glowing gasses B) a cloud

of dust and gas C) a dim star
12. Where do stars start life? A) in a nebula B) in a constellation C) in a black hole
13. What does a main sequence star burn as fuel? A) hydrogen B) oxygen C) helium
14. A supergiant might explode and become a … A) nebula B) white dwarf C) supernova
15. What happens to a red giant at the end of its life? It shrinks and becomes …
A) a white dwarf B) a planet C) a black hole

A) rock and metal

B) gasses and metal C) ice, rock and gasses
17. Asteroids are large chunks of … A) rock and gasses B) rock and metal C) ice and metal
18. How many moons move around Jupiter? A) about 60 B) about 30 C) about 15
19. How do comets revolve around the sun? A) in oval orbits B) in circular orbits C) in triangular orbits
20. The largest planet in our solar system is… A) Jupiter B) Neptune C) Earth
21. Halley’s comet appears every … A) 45 years B) 67 years C) 76 years
22. What does Halley’s comet orbit? A) the sun B) Earth C) the moon
23. A comet’s glowing tail is made of … A) metal B) gas C) ice
24. What is Jupiter’s Great Red Spot? A) a giant comet B) a giant storm C) a giant asteroid
25. Asteroids and meteoroids orbit … A) the sun B) the moon C) Earth

Earth to revolve once around the sun?

A) 24 hours B) 336 days C) 365 days
27. Earth rotates on its axis once every A) 24 hours B) 336 days C) 365 days
28. The tilt of Earth’s axis causes… A) days B) nights C) seasons
29. How many phases does the moon have? A) 8 B) 6 C) 4
30. Who first suggested that Earth moves around the sun? A) Galileo B) Copernicus C) Socrates
31. The part of Earth facing away from the sun has … A) winter B) day C) night
32. The part of Earth facing the sun has … A) night B) summer C) day
33. When the northern half of Earth tilts away from the sun, it is ……there. A) summer B) winter C) night
34. What season is it in the USA when it is winter in South America? A) winter B) summer C) autumn
35. An equinox happens on the first day of… A) winter B) spring C) summer

high tide B) low tide

C) eclipses
37. The sun, the moon and Earth line up during …. A) a full moon B) a third-quarter moon C) neap tide
38. In a total solar eclipse, people on Earth see a glow around … A) the sun B) Earth C) the moon

A) in the 17th century B) in the

18th century C) in the 19th century
40. Satellites can send…to and from Earth A) booster rockets B) launchpads C) radio waves
41. When did the USSR launch the first satellite called “Sputnik”? A) in 1957 B) in 1968 C) in 1958
42. Who was the first person to orbit Earth? A) Yuri Gagarin B) Neil Armstrong C) Buzz Aldrin
43. When did John Glenn orbit Earth? A) in 1965 B) in 1962 C) in 1964
44. Who was the first animal in space? A) Laika the dog B) Strelka the dog C) Vaska the cat
45. When did Apollo11 astronauts walk on the moon? A) in 1966 B) in1969 C) in 1967
46. When did the US Space Shuttle make its first flight? A) in 1981 B) in 1982 C) in 1983
47. When was the Hubble telescope launched? A) in 1889 B) in 1990 C) in 1991