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The Crimea (Крым)

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Geography of Crimea

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Слайд 1The Crimea
автор Макаров А.Д., преподаватель Тюменского нефтегазового колледжа

The Crimea автор Макаров А.Д., преподаватель Тюменского нефтегазового колледжа

Слайд 2Geography of Crimea

Geography of Crimea

Слайд 3The Crimean Peninsula is completely surrounded by two seas: the

Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov to the

east.

Crimean peninsula was called Tauridia.

The Crimean Peninsula is completely surrounded by two seas: the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of

Слайд 4In the north Crimea is connected to the mainland by

a narrow (8 km) Perecop isthmus.

In the north Crimea is connected to the mainland by a narrow (8 km) Perecop isthmus.

Слайд 5The Crimea consists of two very different parts — treeless

steppe of the Crimean Lowland in the northern and central

parts, and the Crimean Mountains in the south.
The Crimea consists of two very different parts — treeless steppe of the Crimean Lowland in the

Слайд 6Crimean mountains stretch from west to east for 180 km,

their width-50-60 km.

Crimean mountains stretch from west to east for 180 km, their width-50-60 km.

Слайд 7Crimea mountains

Crimea mountains

Слайд 8Ayu-Dag (Medved-gora) is the peak in Crimea. The peak is

located 16 km north-east from Yalta between the towns of

Gurzuf and Partenit.
Ayu-Dag (Medved-gora) is the peak in Crimea. The peak is located 16 km north-east from Yalta between

Слайд 9Ai-Petri (translated from Greek as Saint Peter) is a peak

in the Crimean Mountains. The peak is located above the

city of Alupka and the town of Koreiz.
Ai-Petri (translated from Greek as Saint Peter) is a peak in the Crimean Mountains. The peak is

Слайд 10The climate there is subtropical. the Crimean Mountains stop cold winds

from the north. 

The climate there is subtropical. the Crimean Mountains stop cold winds from the north. 

Слайд 11The largest rivers – the Alma, the Belbek and the

Black.
the River Alma
the River Belbek

The largest rivers – the Alma, the Belbek and the Black. the River Almathe River Belbek

Слайд 12According to the population of Crimea occupies the 26th place

among subjects of the Russian Federation. Russian – 60 %

, Ukrainians – 25 %, Crimean Tatars -10%.

Bakhchysarai is the former capital of the Crimean Khanate.

According to the population of Crimea occupies the 26th place among subjects of the Russian Federation.

Слайд 13History of Crimea

History of Crimea

Слайд 14Greek colonization of the Peninsula began in the 6th century

B.C. They built city-states: Panticapaeum, Feodosia, Kerkinitida, Hersonissos and Tiritaka.

Greek colonization of the Peninsula began in the 6th century B.C. They built city-states: Panticapaeum, Feodosia, Kerkinitida,

Слайд 15In the summer of 1475 the Ottoman Turks landed in

Crimea. In 1478, the Crimean khanate became a protectorate of

the Ottoman Empire. Since the end of XV century the Crimean Khanate carried out regular raids on Russian state and Poland. The main purpose of the raids was to capture slaves and their resale to the Turkish markets.
In the summer of 1475 the Ottoman Turks landed in Crimea. In 1478, the Crimean khanate became

Слайд 16The Russo-Turkish wars were a series of wars fought between

the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire between the 16th

and 20th centuries. It was one of the longest series of conflicts in European history. In total, 11 Russia-Turkish wars cover a period 241 year.
The Russo-Turkish wars were a series of wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire

Слайд 17The Black sea fleet of the Russia created after the

joining of Crimea. The Russo-Turkish war of 1768-74 years marked

the end of Ottoman domination in Crimea.
The Black sea fleet of the Russia created after the joining of Crimea.  The Russo-Turkish war

Слайд 18During the Russian Civil War, Crimea was controlled by the

White Army. After they were defeated by the Red Army,

Crimea became part of the Soviet Russia.
In the Second World War the peninsula was occupied by Nazi Germany for several years.
In 1954, it was transferred to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic within the Soviet Union. In 1991, it became part of independent Ukraine.
During the Russian Civil War, Crimea was controlled by the White Army. After they were defeated by

Слайд 19March 18, 2014 Crimea (including the city of Sevastopol) joined

to the Russian Federation.

March 18, 2014 Crimea (including the city of Sevastopol) joined to the Russian Federation.

Слайд 20Cities and tows

Cities and tows

Слайд 21Simferopol is the administrative center of the Republic of Crimea.

The population is about 360 000 people.

Simferopol is the administrative center of the Republic of Crimea. The population is about 360 000 people.

Слайд 22Sevastopol (the Greek name - Hersonissos) - a city located

in the south-west of the Crimean peninsula on the Black

Sea coast. Laid by the decree of Russian Empress Catherine II in 1783.
Sevastopol (the Greek name - Hersonissos) - a city located in the south-west of the Crimean peninsula

Слайд 23Sevastopol is the naval base of the Black Sea Fleet

of the Russian Federation.

Sevastopol is the naval base of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation.

Слайд 24The largest international airport airport «Simferopol». Second international airport is

Belbek.

The largest international airport airport «Simferopol». Second international airport is Belbek.

Слайд 25In 1954 Sevastopol was awarded the order of the Red

Banner, in 1965 the city was awarded the title hero

City, and in 1983 was awarded the Order of October Revolution.
In 1954 Sevastopol was awarded the order of the Red Banner, in 1965 the city was awarded

Слайд 26Southern coast of Crimea is one of the most important

and popular resort areas in former USSR includes the cities-resorts

Alupka, Yalta, Alushta, Sudak and the numerous settlements.
Southern coast of Crimea is one of the most important and popular resort areas in former USSR

Слайд 27Big Yalta includes Alupka, Gaspra, Gurzuf, Koreiz, Livadia, Massandra, Simeiz,

Foros.

Big Yalta includes Alupka, Gaspra, Gurzuf, Koreiz, Livadia, Massandra, Simeiz, Foros.

Слайд 28Evpatoria - one of the oldest cities in the South

of Russia. Near Evpatoria there are a number of salt

lakes with mineralized water of different chemical composition.
Evpatoria - one of the oldest cities in the South of Russia. Near Evpatoria there are a

Слайд 29Sudak is well-known tourist resort and the centre of the

wine industry.

Sudak is well-known tourist resort and the centre of the wine industry.

Слайд 31 Artek - international children's center in Crimea. Located in Gurzuf.

In the past, it was the most famous pioneer camp

of the USSR.
Artek - international children's center in Crimea. Located in Gurzuf. In the past, it was the

Слайд 33 The guests of «Artek» in different years were Leonid Brezhnev,

Yuri Gagarin, Indira Gandhi, Nikita Khrushchev, Palmiro Togliatti, Ho Chi

Minh, Valentina Tereshkova, Lev Yashin.
The guests of «Artek» in different years were Leonid Brezhnev, Yuri Gagarin, Indira Gandhi, Nikita Khrushchev,

Слайд 34Places of interest

Places of interest

Слайд 35Livadia Palace was a summer residence of the last Russian tsar, Nicholas

II. The Yalta Conference was held there in 1945, when the palace

housed  Franklin Delano Roosevelt and other members of the American delegation. Today the palace is a museum, but it is sometimes used for international summits.
Livadia Palace was a summer residence of the last Russian tsar, Nicholas II. The Yalta Conference was held there in 1945,

Слайд 36Yalta Conference in February 1945 with (from left to right)

Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin.

Yalta Conference in February 1945 with (from left to right) Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph

Слайд 37Massandra Palace of Alexander III is located in Upper Massandra.

Massandra Palace of Alexander III is located in Upper Massandra.

Слайд 40 Vorontsov Palace is one of the jewels of the Crimea.

The Palace was built as the Crimean residence of the

Governor-General of the Novorossiysk territory of count Mikhail Vorontsov.
Vorontsov Palace is one of the jewels of the Crimea.  The Palace was built as

Слайд 41The Swallow's Nest is a decorative castle located at Gaspra,

a small town between Yalta and Alupka. It was built

between 1911 and 1912 , on top of the 40-metre high Aurora Cliff by the Russian architect Leonid Sherwood for the Baltic German oil millionaire Baron von Steingel.
The Swallow's Nest is a decorative castle located at Gaspra, a small town between Yalta and Alupka.

Слайд 42 In 1987 on the territory of the Swallow's nest Stanislav

Govorukhin shoot the famous Soviet thriller film based on the

novel by English writer Agatha Christie - «Ten black kids».
In 1987 on the territory of the Swallow's nest Stanislav Govorukhin shoot the famous Soviet thriller

Слайд 43Dacha of Gorbachev in Foros - in the USSR state

dacha № 11, where Mikhail Gorbachev put under house arrest

in 1991.
Dacha of Gorbachev in Foros - in the USSR state dacha № 11, where Mikhail Gorbachev put

Слайд 45Nikitsky Botanical Garden is one of the oldest botanical garden.

It was founded in 1812 and named after the settlement

Nikita.
Nikitsky Botanical Garden is one of the oldest botanical garden. It was founded in 1812 and named

Слайд 47«Massandra» is one of the largest enterprises of high-quality wines.

Collection wines of Massandra (about one million bottles) is the

largest in the world and is registered in 1998 in the Guinness Book of records. In Massandra the first wine was made in 1898.
«Massandra» is one of the largest enterprises of high-quality wines. Collection wines of Massandra (about one million

Слайд 49thank for your attention !

thank for your attention !

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