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20_Pseudomonas and Nonfermenters

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Pseudomonas and Nonfermenters

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Слайд 2
Pseudomonas and Nonfermenters

Pseudomonas and Nonfermenters

Слайд 3Opportunistic Pathogens of Plants, Animals, and Humans
Many Taxonomic Changes

in Last Decade
Clinically Important Aerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli Include:
Aerobic nonfermenters: 10-15%

of clinical isolates
Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Burkholderia cepacia; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; Acinetobacter baumannii; Moraxella catarrhalis: Account for >75% of all clinical isolates of aerobic nonfermenters
Facultative anaerobes and microaerophiles: 70-80% of clinical isolates
Haemophilus & related organisms: 10-15% of clinical isolates
Unusual bacilli: <1% of clinical isolates
Pseudomonads Classified into Five rRNA Groups

General Overview

Opportunistic Pathogens of Plants, Animals, and Humans Many Taxonomic Changes in Last DecadeClinically Important Aerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli

Слайд 4General Characteristics of Nonfermenters
Oxidative gram-negative bacilli, including Pseudomonas spp., produce

acid from glucose or other carbohydrates only in the presence

of oxygen (nonfermenters).
NOTE: Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas and Vibrio are fermentative and can utilize carbohydrates in the absence of oxygen.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa oxidizes but does not ferment glucose. Alcaligenes faecalis neither ferments nor oxidizes glucose (see Lab Manual).
General Characteristics of NonfermentersOxidative gram-negative bacilli, including Pseudomonas spp., produce acid from glucose or other carbohydrates only

Слайд 5Clinically Important Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacilli
Later
Lab only

Clinically Important Nonfermentative Gram-Negative BacilliLaterLab only

Слайд 7Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(Family Pseudomonadaceae)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa(Family Pseudomonadaceae)

Слайд 8Motile (by single or multiple polar flagella) gram-negative rods
Obligate

(strict) aerobes (most strains)
Oxidase (usually) and catalase positive
Nonfermentative chemoheterotrophic respiratory

metabolism
Minimal nutritional reqts.; Many organic compounds used as C and N sources, but only a few carbohydrates by oxidative metabolism
Glucose used oxidatively
Lactose negative on MacConkey’s agar
Some strains produce diffusible pigments:
Pyocyanin (blue); fluorescein (yellow); pyorubin (red)
P. aeruginosa produces characteristic grape-like odor and blue-green pus & colonies
Broad antibiotic resistance

Characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Motile (by single or multiple polar flagella) gram-negative rods Obligate (strict) aerobes (most strains)Oxidase (usually) and catalase

Слайд 9Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections

Слайд 10Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections (cont.)
Characteristic grape-like odor. Bluish-green color clinically and

in the lab due to presence of two pigments: pyocyanin

& fluorescein.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections (cont.)Characteristic grape-like odor. Bluish-green color clinically and in the lab due to presence of

Слайд 11Virulence Factors Associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Virulence Factors Associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Слайд 12Mechanism of Action of Exotoxin A

Mechanism of Action of Exotoxin A

Слайд 13Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Слайд 15Burkholderia cepacia

Burkholderia cepacia

Слайд 16Diseases Associated with Burkholderia spp.

Diseases Associated with Burkholderia spp.

Слайд 17Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Слайд 18Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Слайд 19Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (cont.)

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (cont.)

Слайд 20Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (cont.)

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (cont.)

Слайд 21Acinetobacter baumanii

Acinetobacter baumanii

Слайд 22Acinetobacter baumanii

Acinetobacter baumanii

Слайд 23Moraxella catarrhalis

Moraxella catarrhalis

Слайд 24Moraxella catarrhalis

Moraxella catarrhalis

Слайд 26REVIEW
Pseudomonas and Nonfermenters

REVIEWPseudomonas and Nonfermenters

Слайд 27General Characteristics of Nonfermenters
Oxidative gram-negative bacilli, including Pseudomonas spp., produce

acid from glucose or other carbohydrates only in the presence

of oxygen (nonfermenters).
NOTE: Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas and Vibrio are fermentative and can utilize carbohydrates in the absence of oxygen.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa oxidizes but does not ferment glucose. Alcaligenes faecalis neither ferments nor oxidizes glucose (see Lab Manual).

REVIEW

General Characteristics of NonfermentersOxidative gram-negative bacilli, including Pseudomonas spp., produce acid from glucose or other carbohydrates only

Слайд 28Clinically Important Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacilli
Later
Lab only
REVIEW

Clinically Important Nonfermentative Gram-Negative BacilliLaterLab onlyREVIEW

Слайд 29Review of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(Family Pseudomonadaceae)

Review of  Pseudomonas aeruginosa(Family Pseudomonadaceae)

Слайд 30Motile (by single or multiple polar flagella) gram-negative rods
Obligate

(strict) aerobes (most strains)
Oxidase (usually) and catalase positive
Nonfermentative chemoheterotrophic respiratory

metabolism
Minimal nutritional reqts.; Many organic compounds used as C and N sources, but only a few carbohydrates by oxidative metabolism
Glucose used oxidatively
Lactose negative on MacConkey’s agar
Some strains produce diffusible pigments:
Pyocyanin (blue); fluorescein (yellow); pyorubin (red)
P. aeruginosa produces characteristic grape-like odor and blue-green pus & colonies
Broad antibiotic resistance

Characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

REVIEW

Motile (by single or multiple polar flagella) gram-negative rods Obligate (strict) aerobes (most strains)Oxidase (usually) and catalase

Слайд 31Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections
REVIEW

Pseudomonas aeruginosa InfectionsREVIEW

Слайд 32Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections (cont.)
Characteristic grape-like odor. Bluish-green color clinically and

in the lab due to presence of two pigments: pyocyanin

& fluorescein.

REVIEW

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections (cont.)Characteristic grape-like odor. Bluish-green color clinically and in the lab due to presence of

Слайд 33Virulence Factors Associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa
REVIEW

Virulence Factors Associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosaREVIEW

Слайд 34Mechanism of Action of Exotoxin A
REVIEW

Mechanism of Action of Exotoxin AREVIEW

Слайд 35Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
REVIEW

Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosaREVIEW

Слайд 36Review of Burkholderia cepacia

Review of Burkholderia cepacia

Слайд 37Diseases Associated with Burkholderia spp.
REVIEW

Diseases Associated with Burkholderia spp.REVIEW

Слайд 38Review of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Review of  Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Слайд 39Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (cont.)
REVIEW

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (cont.)REVIEW

Слайд 40Review of Acinetobacter baumanii

Review of  Acinetobacter baumanii

Слайд 41Acinetobacter baumanii
REVIEW

Acinetobacter baumaniiREVIEW

Слайд 42Review of Moraxella catarrhalis

Review of    Moraxella catarrhalis

Слайд 43Moraxella catarrhalis
REVIEW

Moraxella catarrhalisREVIEW

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