devoiced.
Final lenis [b, d, g] – voiceless.
[t] in the intervocalic
position is voiced.[‘betə] – [‘bedə]
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Changes in Consonant Quality
Содержание
- 1. Changes in Consonant Quality
- 2. 1. Voicing and devoicingInitial lenis [b, d,
- 3. 2. Loss of [h]In rapid speech the
- 4. 3. Initial “hw”Wh-words are pronounced with an
- 5. 4. Loss of final [ŋ][ın] instead of [ıŋ] at the ending of a word.waitin’ – [‘weıtın]
- 6. 5. Spread of “dark” [ł]This tendency is
- 7. 6. Glottal stopIt can appear only in
- 8. 7. Palatalized final [k’]It is often heard in such words as[wi:k’], [kwık’]
- 9. 8. Linking and intrusive [r]Linking “r” –
- 10. 9. Combinative changes[tj, dj, sj] → [ʧ,
- 11. 10. Elision, reduction, assimilationThis tendency is reflected
- 12. Скачать презентанцию
1. Voicing and devoicingInitial lenis [b, d, g] – partially devoiced.Final lenis [b, d, g] – voiceless.[t] in the intervocalic position is voiced.[‘betə] – [‘bedə]
Слайды и текст этой презентации
Слайд 21. Voicing and devoicing
Initial lenis [b, d, g] – partially
devoiced.
position is voiced.[‘betə] – [‘bedə]
![1. Voicing and devoicingInitial lenis [b, d, g] – partially devoiced.Final lenis [b, d, g] – voiceless.[t]](/img/thumbs/d9f550f51cee411071d326ebba3ffd62-800x.jpg "Changes in Consonant Quality 1. Voicing and devoicingInitial lenis [b, d, g] – partially devoiced.Final")
Слайд 32. Loss of [h]
In rapid speech the initial [h] is
lost in form words and tends to die out from
the language.[i wɒnts ɜ tə kʌm]
No loss of [h] in stressed syllables!
![2. Loss of [h]In rapid speech the initial [h] is lost in form words and tends to](/img/thumbs/c03f05c246610f49337c440d4f298207-800x.jpg "Changes in Consonant Quality 2. Loss of [h]In rapid speech the initial [h] is lost")
Слайд 43. Initial “hw”
Wh-words are pronounced with an initial breath-like sound
[ʍ] instead of [w].
what – [ʍɒt], why – [ʍaı]
![3. Initial “hw”Wh-words are pronounced with an initial breath-like sound [ʍ] instead of [w].what – [ʍɒt], why](/img/thumbs/619eccdc574b82da1418c2d35f9791c0-800x.jpg "Changes in Consonant Quality 3. Initial “hw”Wh-words are pronounced with an initial breath-like sound [ʍ]")
![4. Loss of final [ŋ][ın] instead of [ıŋ] at the ending of a word.waitin’ – [‘weıtın]](/img/thumbs/eac6e90515efec570186f1514704d30d-800x.jpg "Changes in Consonant Quality 4. Loss of final [ŋ][ın] instead of [ıŋ] at the ending of a word.waitin’ – [‘weıtın]")
Слайд 65. Spread of “dark” [ł]
This tendency is influenced by the
American pronunciation.
[bɪ’li:v] – [bɪ’łi:v]
Sometimes [l] becomes vocalized.
[‘mɪok]
![5. Spread of “dark” [ł]This tendency is influenced by the American pronunciation.[bɪ’li:v] – [bɪ’łi:v]Sometimes [l] becomes vocalized.[‘mɪok]](/img/thumbs/ed379dbeb4ffe4c642b90ddfc36746e7-800x.jpg "Changes in Consonant Quality 5. Spread of “dark” [ł]This tendency is influenced by the American")
Слайд 76. Glottal stop
It can appear only in two cases:
as a
realization of syllable-final [t]:
[dəpɑːʔmn̩t]
in certain consonant clusters (“glottal reinforcements”).
Among younger
speakers, it can also be heard finally before vowels or in absolute final position:[pɪk ɪʔ ʌp], [ɡɛʔ]
![6. Glottal stopIt can appear only in two cases:as a realization of syllable-final [t]:[dəpɑːʔmn̩t]in certain consonant clusters](/img/thumbs/d129e1f03abf3be6b4b9c25835bb33e7-800x.jpg "Changes in Consonant Quality 6. Glottal stopIt can appear only in two cases:as a realization")
![7. Palatalized final [k’]It is often heard in such words as[wi:k’], [kwık’]](/img/tmb/2/162335/3cb3c5efa2f5c06d12418606b903caf5-800x.jpg "Changes in Consonant Quality 7. Palatalized final [k’]It is often heard in such words as[wi:k’], [kwık’]")
Слайд 98. Linking and intrusive [r]
Linking “r” – an orthographic “r”
pronounced word-finally before a vowel.
summer͜ activities
Intrusive “r” – the sound
“r” inserted before a following vowel even though there is no “r” in spelling.I saw-r-a film today
![8. Linking and intrusive [r]Linking “r” – an orthographic “r” pronounced word-finally before a vowel.summer͜ activitiesIntrusive “r”](/img/thumbs/fb11cd0b6db9cd377fd38a23098cabde-800x.jpg "Changes in Consonant Quality 8. Linking and intrusive [r]Linking “r” – an orthographic “r” pronounced")
Слайд 109. Combinative changes
[tj, dj, sj] → [ʧ, ʤ, ʃ]
[‘æktjʋəl] →
[‘ækʧʋəl]
In the clusters of two stops, where the loss of
plosion is usually observed, each sound is pronounced with audible release.[‘æk-tıv]
[j] is lost following [l, s, z, n].
[nu:z]
![9. Combinative changes[tj, dj, sj] → [ʧ, ʤ, ʃ][‘æktjʋəl] → [‘ækʧʋəl]In the clusters of two stops, where](/img/thumbs/e973dbe6d4397bdb3b5fefb7d3522966-800x.jpg "Changes in Consonant Quality 9. Combinative changes[tj, dj, sj] → [ʧ, ʤ, ʃ][‘æktjʋəl] → [‘ækʧʋəl]In")
Слайд 1110. Elision, reduction, assimilation
This tendency is reflected in the pronunciation
of the young generation.
have to [‘həftə],
perhaps you [pə’hæpʃu:],
can
[kn], etc.![10. Elision, reduction, assimilationThis tendency is reflected in the pronunciation of the young generation.have to [‘həftə], perhaps](/img/thumbs/3590145bfc09ffeb4377bc2b6e8664d3-800x.jpg "Changes in Consonant Quality 10. Elision, reduction, assimilationThis tendency is reflected in the pronunciation of")
