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Catholics vs Protestants: the dawn of Republicanism

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Overview:Ireland in the 16th centuryPoynings’ LawReligious issuesIreland in the 17th centuryFlight of the EarlsOliver CromwellJames II vs William of OrangeIreland in the 18th centuryCatholics vs ProtestantsIndustryTheobald Wolfe Tone

Слайды и текст этой презентации

Слайд 1Catholics vs Protestants: the dawn of Republicanism
Class 4. Ireland in

the XVii – XVIIIth centuries

Catholics vs Protestants: the dawn of RepublicanismClass 4. Ireland in the XVii – XVIIIth centuries

Слайд 2Overview:
Ireland in the 16th century
Poynings’ Law
Religious issues
Ireland in the 17th

century
Flight of the Earls
Oliver Cromwell
James II vs William of Orange
Ireland

in the 18th century
Catholics vs Protestants
Industry
Theobald Wolfe Tone

Overview:Ireland in the 16th centuryPoynings’ LawReligious issuesIreland in the 17th centuryFlight of the EarlsOliver CromwellJames II vs

Слайд 3Ireland in the XVI-th century
Henry VII (1485 – 1509)
1494 Sir

Edward Poynings made Lord-Deputy of Ireland
1495 “Poynings’ Law”: the Irish

Parliament – English King’s permission – laws – approved by the King of England

Henry VII

Ireland in the XVI-th centuryHenry VII (1485 – 1509)1494 Sir Edward Poynings made Lord-Deputy of Ireland1495 “Poynings’

Слайд 4Ireland in the XVI-th century
Henry VIII (1509 – 1547)
Head of

the Irish Church
The Reformation
To make Ireland Protestant
1541 recognized as King

of Ireland by the Irish Parliament
Religious issues!

Henry VIII

Ireland in the XVI-th centuryHenry VIII (1509 – 1547)Head of the Irish ChurchThe ReformationTo make Ireland Protestant1541

Слайд 5Ireland in the XVI-th century
Edward VI (1547 – 1553)
Policy hardened
Military

campaigns against Irish chiefs
Attempt to “plant” loyal English people in

Ireland
Land confiscated -> given to English settlers
attacks from the Irish

Edward VI

Ireland in the XVI-th centuryEdward VI (1547 – 1553)Policy hardenedMilitary campaigns against Irish chiefsAttempt to “plant” loyal

Слайд 6Ireland in the XVI-th century
Mary I (1553 – 1558)
1st successful

plantation
Laois /ˈliːʃ/ and Offally
Queen Mary I
Elisabeth I (1558 – 1603)
1579

– 1583 Earl Desmond: rebellion
Crushed, the land confiscated, given to English colonists
1592 Trinity College founded


Queen Elisabeth I

Ireland in the XVI-th centuryMary I (1553 – 1558)1st successful plantationLaois /ˈliːʃ/ and OffallyQueen Mary IElisabeth I

Слайд 7Ireland in the XVI-th century
1593 – 1603 rebellion in Ulster
Hugh

O’Neill the Earl of Tyrone, an Irish Gaelic lord
Leader of

the rebellion
1598 Victory at Yellow Ford
1601 the battle of Kinsale
O’Neill defeated

Hugh
O’Neill

Ireland in the XVI-th century1593 – 1603 rebellion in UlsterHugh O’Neill the Earl of Tyrone, an Irish

Слайд 8Ireland in the XVII-th century
1607 Hugh O’Neill and Rory O’Donnell

-> to France -> the flight of the Earls
Land confiscated
James

I: the plantation of Ulster (1610 – 1613)
Protestant settlers: outnumbering the native Irish
1641 rebellion in Ulster, massacres of Protestants

Co. Donegal

Ireland in the XVII-th century1607 Hugh O’Neill and Rory O’Donnell -> to France -> the flight of

Слайд 9Ireland in the XVII-th century
1642 – 1651: the Civil War

in England, King Charles I executed (1649)
Oliver Cromwell: to crush

resistance, impose Protestantism
1649 Drogheda captured, defenders massacred
The civil population terrorized
The 1652 Act of Settlement ->
The Catholic nobility -> Connaught
A new Protestant ruling class

Oliver Cromwell

Ireland in the XVII-th century1642 – 1651: the Civil War in England, King Charles I executed (1649)Oliver

Слайд 10The man who could take Drogheda could take hell. -

Sir Arthur Aston, Royalist commander of Drogheda
Oliver Cromwell mural in

Northern Ireland
The man who could take Drogheda could take hell. - Sir Arthur Aston, Royalist commander of Drogheda

Слайд 11Ireland in the XVII-th century
1653 – 1654 – another plantation
Irish

Catholics -> less fertile lands west of the River Shannon
Confiscated

lands -> Englishmen
1660 – export of cattle to England banned
Booming exports of meat and butter
Ireland: lower labour costs
1699 – export of wool forbidden (England! + )
High import duties, little demand, exports ended

Ireland in the XVII-th century1653 – 1654 – another plantationIrish Catholics -> less fertile lands west of

Слайд 12Ireland in the XVII-th century
England: James II: Catholic, unpopular.
1688: deposed,

fled to France
William of Orange and his wife Mary invited

(Dutch, Protestant)
1689: James, Jacobites, Kinsale
Derry: William
1689: James, siege of Derry
1 July 1690: the Battle of the Boyne
James defeated. Siege of Limerick
The Treaty of Limerick. Lenient to Catholics

William of Orange

James II

Ireland in the XVII-th centuryEngland: James II: Catholic, unpopular.1688: deposed, fled to FranceWilliam of Orange and his

Слайд 13Penal Laws for Catholics (XVII – XVIII cent.)
Banned from the

Parliament
No right to vote / go to school / buy

land
The 1704 Act: all MPs -> the Church of Ireland
By 1778: 5% of the land -> Catholics
Taxes to the Church of Ireland
The 1719 Act: the Irish Parliament -> subordinate
Penal Laws for Catholics (XVII – XVIII cent.)Banned from the ParliamentNo right to vote / go to

Слайд 14Ireland in the XVIII-th century
From 1778 -> restrictions repealed
Catholics: allowed

to lease and buy land (1782)
1782: Poynings’ Law repealed
1792: allowed

to practice as lawyers and marry Protestants
1793: allowed to vote
1795: seminary founded in Maynooth (Co. Kildare)

National Seminary
St. Patrick’s College Maynooth

Ireland in the XVIII-th centuryFrom 1778 -> restrictions repealedCatholics: allowed to lease and buy land (1782)1782: Poynings’

Слайд 15St. Patrick’s College Maynooth

St. Patrick’s College Maynooth

Слайд 16Ireland in the XVIII-th century
Linen industry
1711: Linen Board
Concentrated in the

north
1782: Belfast
The north: industrialization
The south: agricultural
Population: 2 mln in 1700

vs 5 mln in 1800
1783: the Bank of Ireland
Ireland in the XVIII-th centuryLinen industry1711: Linen BoardConcentrated in the north1782: BelfastThe north: industrializationThe south: agriculturalPopulation: 2

Слайд 17Theobald Wolfe Tone (1763 –1798)
The Enlightenment
1791: the Society of United

Irishmen
Independent republic
Religious equality
Fled abroad
1796: the French fleet
May 1798: risings in

Wexford, Wicklow, Mayo
No unity -> crushed
Wolfe tone captured and jailed
Died in prison
Theobald Wolfe Tone (1763 –1798)The Enlightenment1791: the Society of United IrishmenIndependent republicReligious equalityFled abroad1796: the French fleetMay

Слайд 18Wolfe Tone and the United Irishmen
Theobald Wolfe Tone:
his education
Personality
job, personal

life
Skills



the United Irishmen (its status and aim)
the English government
the French

and their advantage
The English and their advantage
the great gamble of the French

Wolfe Tone and the United Irishmen Theobald Wolfe Tone:his educationPersonalityjob, personal lifeSkillsthe United Irishmen (its status and

Слайд 19H/W:
The Curse of Cromwell by W.B. Yeats: read the poem

and say what curse the poet is talking about.
Links:
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/the-curse-of-cromwell/
https://www.counter-currents.com/2011/06/w-b-yeats/
http://www.bbc.co.uk/timelines/zttpsbk
Watch the

videos and put down the key facts:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tDmOEQJrqvw Week 2, Lecture 8 - Wolfe Tone and the United Irishmen
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t5n40pXtzKE
Week 2, Lecture 9 - The Bantry Bay Invasion, 1796




H/W:The Curse of Cromwell by W.B. Yeats: read the poem and say what curse the poet is

Слайд 20Extra Resources (video):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1yB4fJp4qU Wolfe Tone and the Protestants of 1798

(Documentary)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZkJc1RdK6Q Wolfe Tone - The Protestant Republican (short documentary)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OEZ2WgVwrGg -

The Legacy of Wolfe Tone

Extra Resources (video):https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1yB4fJp4qU Wolfe Tone and the Protestants of 1798 (Documentary)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZkJc1RdK6Q Wolfe Tone - The Protestant Republican

Слайд 21Extra Resources:
http://www.countysongs.ie/song/?songtheme=Flight%20of%20Earls – Flight of the Earls
http://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/oliver-cromwells-war-crimes-the-massacre-of-drogheda-this-day-in-1649 - Cromwell
http://www.historytoday.com/tom-reilly/cromwell-irish-question -

Cromwell
http://www.iisresource.org/documents/0a3_trafford_ks3_y8.pdf - Henry VIII and others
http://www.historyireland.com/early-modern-history-1500-1700/the-battle-of-kinsale-1601/ - Battle of Kinsale
http://www.irelandseye.com/aarticles/history/events/dates/ch5.shtm

- The Battle of the Boyne
http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/E703001-010/text001.html - The Treaty of Limerick
http://www.evangelicaltruth.com/orange-html - the Orange Order
http://www.libraryireland.com/articles/Eighteenth-Century-Ireland/Irish-Penal-Laws.php - Penal Laws



Extra Resources:http://www.countysongs.ie/song/?songtheme=Flight%20of%20Earls – Flight of the Earlshttp://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/oliver-cromwells-war-crimes-the-massacre-of-drogheda-this-day-in-1649 - Cromwellhttp://www.historytoday.com/tom-reilly/cromwell-irish-question - Cromwellhttp://www.iisresource.org/documents/0a3_trafford_ks3_y8.pdf - Henry VIII and othershttp://www.historyireland.com/early-modern-history-1500-1700/the-battle-of-kinsale-1601/ -

Слайд 22Extra Resources (audio):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dAnh1CohMjM - Flight of the Earls
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6L7fDk-aZlU&list=PL60B4941163F8DA01 (Scottish, Jacobites)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwrVhW2nYsI

Wolfe Tone (+lyrics!)


The Wolfe Tones

Extra Resources (audio):https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dAnh1CohMjM - Flight of the Earlshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6L7fDk-aZlU&list=PL60B4941163F8DA01 (Scottish, Jacobites)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwrVhW2nYsI Wolfe Tone (+lyrics!)The Wolfe Tones

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