Слайд 1INTRODUCTION
A. THE STUDY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
Слайд 2Meaning of Political Science
The term political science is the systematic
study of the state and the government
Political Science is a
social science regarding the practice and theory of politics, the analysis of political systems, and the study of political behavior.
Слайд 3Simply put, political science is the study of politics. Some
particular areas that political scientists study include public policy, national
politics, political theory, international relations, and comparative politics.
Слайд 4Etymological definition
Greek
The word politics has its origins in Ancient Greece.
All of the cities in Ancient Greece, such as Athens,
Sparta, and Corinth, were referred to as city-states and the Greek word for a city-state was polis (πολις)
Слайд 5The Parthenon atop the Acropolis
Слайд 6Etymological definition
Latin
Politicus was an adjective that was used to describe
anything “of the state”.
Слайд 7Harry Truman
“Politics is a fascinating game, because politics is government.
It is the art of government.”
Слайд 8“I have never regarded politics as the arena of morals.
It is the arena of interest.”
Aneurin Bevan
Слайд 9“Definition of Politics: Poli in latin meaning many and tics
meaning blood-sucking parasites.”
Слайд 10“Politics is the gentle art of getting votes from the
poor and campaign funds from the rich by promising to
protect each from the other.”
Oscar Ameringer
Слайд 11Scope of Political Science
Political Theory
Public Law
Public Administration
Слайд 12Interrelationship with other branched of learning
History
Economics
Geography
Sociology and Anthropology
Psychology
Philosophy
Statistics and Logic
Jurisprudence
Слайд 13Function and importance of Political Science
“The function of political science
is to discover the principles that should be adhered to
in public affairs that eventually would serve as a model that can be applied to matters of urgent concern to public officials and to private citizens.”
Слайд 14Goal in the study of political science
Education for citizenship
- the
primary objective of the political science curriculum is to equip
students to discharge the obligations of democratic citizenship
Слайд 15Goal in the study of political science
Essential parts of liberal
education
- Intelligent, responsible citizenship can save democracy; ignorance and negligence
can lose it
Слайд 16 Essential parts of liberal education
Knowledge and understanding of government
-
the “good” citizen knows how his government operates, what his
rights and obligations are, who his elected representatives are, and what they stand for
Слайд 17B. Concepts of State and Government
Слайд 18Meaning of State
A state is a community of persons more
or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of territory,
having a government of their own to which the great body of inhabitants render obedience, and enjoying freedom from external control.
The Philippines is a state.
Слайд 19Elements of a state
People
-The mass of the population living within
the state with a sense of cohesion, of being a
distinct nationality.
Language?
Belgians-French & Flemish, Soviet Union-Russian language yet,
Basques in Spain, Quebecois in Canada, Sikhs in India
Слайд 20“people”
answers the question, “who governs whom?”
no specific number requirement
“…the state
shall neither be too small nor yet one that seems
great but has no unity.” (Plato)
Слайд 21Elements of a state
Territory
- demarcated area that rightly belongs to
the population
For example:
Jews lost land to Greek & Roman, today
(since 1948) displaced Palestinian Arabs
Gypsy people
Alsace-Germany & France, Texas-USA & Mexico, Malvinas Islands-GB & Argentina
Слайд 22“territory”
answers the question, “where?”
terrestrial, fluvial, maritime and aerial
should be permanent
and large enough to be self-sufficing
Слайд 23Elements of a state
Government
- Refers to the agency to which
the will of the state is formulated, expressed, and carried
out.
-Anarchy (No Government, no Nation)
Слайд 24Elements of a state
Sovereignty
May be defined as the supreme power
of the state to command and enforce obedience to its
will from the people within its jurisdiction and corollary to have freedom from foreign control.
For example: Algeria from France in 1962.
Diplomatic recognition: Quebec & Nevada, Tatarstan, South Africa
Слайд 25“sovereignty”
Internal – power of the state to rule within its
territory
External – the freedom of the state to carry out
its activities without subjection to or control by other states.
Слайд 26Origin of states
Divine right theory
Necessity or force theory
Paternalistic theory
Social contract
theory
Слайд 27State distinguished from nation
“The state is a political concept while
a
nation is an ethnic concept.”
Слайд 28State distinguished from nation
“ A state is not subject to
external control while a nation may or may not be
independent of external control.”
Слайд 29State distinguished from nation
“ A single state may consist of
one or more nations or people and conversely, a single
nation may be made up of several states.”
Слайд 30State distinguished from government
“…they are usually regarded as identical. As
ordinarily, the acts of the government are the acts of
the state.”
Слайд 31State distinguished from government
“A state cannot exist without a government,
but it is possible to have a government without a
state.”
Слайд 32State distinguished from government
“A government may change, its form may
change, but the state, as long as its essential elements
are present, remains the same.”