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Overview of Common Types of Parasite Life Cycles

Содержание

Definitions of HostsMany parasites have more than one host in their life cycle. These hosts have different roles and are given specific names.

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Слайд 1Overview of Common Types of Parasite Life Cycles

Overview of Common Types of Parasite Life Cycles

Слайд 2Definitions of Hosts
Many parasites have more than one host in

their life cycle. These hosts have different roles and are

given specific names.
Definitions of HostsMany parasites have more than one host in their life cycle. These hosts have different

Слайд 3Definitions of Hosts
Definitive host – a host in which the

parasite reaches sexual maturity and undergoes reproduction.

Definitions of HostsDefinitive host – a host in which the parasite reaches sexual maturity and undergoes reproduction.

Слайд 4Definitions of Hosts
Definitive host – a host in which the

parasite reaches sexual maturity and undergoes reproduction.

Intermediate – a

host in which the parasite undergoes larval development but does not reach sexual maturity.

Definitions of HostsDefinitive host – a host in which the parasite reaches sexual maturity and undergoes reproduction.

Слайд 5Definitions of Hosts
Definitive host – a host in which the

parasite reaches sexual maturity and undergoes reproduction.

Intermediate – a

host in which the parasite undergoes larval development but does not reach sexual maturity.

Paratenic host (Transport host) – a host in which a parasite survives without undergoing further development. A paratenic host accumulates and maintains stages of a parasite, and although beneficial, is not essential to the life cycle.
Definitions of HostsDefinitive host – a host in which the parasite reaches sexual maturity and undergoes reproduction.

Слайд 6Definitions of Hosts
Vector- any agent, either animate or inanimate (such

as wind, water, or arthropod) that transmits an infectious organism.


Definitions of HostsVector- any agent, either animate or inanimate (such as wind, water, or arthropod) that transmits

Слайд 7Definitions of Hosts
Vector- any agent, either animate or inanimate (such

as wind, water, or arthropod) that transmits an infectious organism.

Biological

Vector- a vector in which a parasite lives or develops. The parasite undergoes morphologic change and/or multiplication, and the vector is usually essential for the life cycle.


Definitions of HostsVector- any agent, either animate or inanimate (such as wind, water, or arthropod) that transmits

Слайд 8Definitions of Hosts
Vector- any agent, either animate or inanimate (such

as wind, water, or arthropod) that transmits an infectious organism.

Biological

Vector- a vector in which a parasite lives or develops. The parasite undergoes morphologic change and/or multiplication, and the vector is usually essential for the life cycle.

Mechanical Vector- a vector which transmits a parasite by mechanical means only. It may be living or non-living and is not essential for the parasite’s life cycle.

Definitions of HostsVector- any agent, either animate or inanimate (such as wind, water, or arthropod) that transmits

Слайд 9Outline
Monogenea: Direct Life Cycles and Autoinfection (Complex or Simple?)

Trematoda (Digenea):

Complex Life Cycles

Difficulty of Solving Life Cycles Example Cestodes (Tapeworms)

OutlineMonogenea: Direct Life Cycles and Autoinfection (Complex or Simple?)Trematoda (Digenea): Complex Life CyclesDifficulty of Solving Life Cycles

Слайд 10Platyhelminthes

Platyhelminthes

Слайд 11Phylum Platyhelminthes
Class Trematoda
Subclass Digenea
Class Cestoidea

Class Monogenea

Phylum PlatyhelminthesClass TrematodaSubclass DigeneaClass CestoideaClass Monogenea

Слайд 12Class Monogenea:
Most ecto-parasites of fish.
Some endo-parasites of urinary bladder and

mouth of amphibians and reptiles.
Body covered by tegument.
Posterior hooks with

opisthaptor (haptor).
Direct life cycle with single host.
Class Monogenea:Most ecto-parasites of fish.Some endo-parasites of urinary bladder and mouth of amphibians and reptiles.Body covered by

Слайд 13Opisthaptor (Haptor)
Ciliated larva

Opisthaptor (Haptor)Ciliated larva

Слайд 16Life cycle of Ecto parasitic monogenean

Life cycle of Ecto parasitic monogenean

Слайд 17Gyrodactylus sp.

Gyrodactylus sp.

Слайд 18Adult worms contain several generations of embryos boxed one inside

another and are often referred to as "Russian Dolls".

Each

parasite gives birth to a fully grown worm which attaches to the host alongside its parent and this can lead to exponential population growth.
Adult worms contain several generations of embryos boxed one inside another and are often referred to as

Слайд 19The embryo is separated from the parental by a metabolically-active

uterus lining, which appears to form a "placental-type" role. The

F2 embryo (not shown) derives its nutrients directly from the F1 embryo.
The embryo is separated from the parental by a metabolically-active uterus lining, which appears to form a

Слайд 20Gyrodactylus
The reproductive biology of Gyrodactylus is further complicated as

different modes of reproduction (asexual, parthenogenesis and sexual) may be

involved in the life cycle of an individual worm.
Gyrodactylus The reproductive biology of Gyrodactylus is further complicated as different modes of reproduction (asexual, parthenogenesis and

Слайд 22Gyrodactylus sp.

Gyrodactylus sp.

Слайд 23Diplozoon paradoxum

Diplozoon paradoxum

Слайд 25Polystoma nearcticum
Life cycle of Endo parasitic monogenean

Polystoma nearcticumLife cycle of Endo parasitic monogenean

Слайд 26Polystoma nearcticum

Polystoma nearcticum

Слайд 30Spadefoot toad

Spadefoot toad

Слайд 31Tadpole of Spadefoot toad

Tadpole of Spadefoot toad

Слайд 32Tadpoles of Spadefoot Toads

Tadpoles of Spadefoot Toads

Слайд 33Temporal adaptation
Spadefoot toads
are parasitized by
a Monogenean
Pseudodiplorchis americanus


Temporal adaptationSpadefoot toadsare parasitized bya Monogenean Pseudodiplorchis americanus

Слайд 34Pseudodiplorchis americanus
Polystoma nearcticum

Pseudodiplorchis americanusPolystoma nearcticum

Слайд 35Pseudodiplorchis americanus

Pseudodiplorchis americanus

Слайд 36Pseudodiplorchis americanus

Pseudodiplorchis americanus

Слайд 37Pseudodiplorchis americanus

Pseudodiplorchis americanus

Слайд 46Autoinfection

Autoinfection

Слайд 47Oculotrema hippopotami

Oculotrema hippopotami

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