Ernest Hemingway

was an American novelist, short-story writer, and journalist. He was

part of the 1920s expatriate community in Paris known as "the Lost Generation", as described in his memoir A Moveable Feast.

Ernest Hemingway, c. 1900

returned to Oak Park. Driven from the United States in

part due to prohibition[citation needed], in 1920, he moved to an apartment on 1599 Bathurst Street, now known as The Hemingway, in the Humewood-Cedarvale neighborhood in Toronto, Ontario.[6] During his stay, he found a job with the Toronto Star newspper. He worked as a freelancer, staff writer, and foreign correspondent. Hemingway befriended fellow Star reporter Morley Callaghan. Callaghan had begun writing short stories at this time; he showed them to Hemingway, who praised them as fine work. They would later be reunited in Paris.

full-length play, titled The Fifth Column — 49 stories were

published in the collection The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories. Hemingway's intention was, as he openly stated in his foreword, to write more. Many of the stories that make up this collection can be found in other abridged collections

as The Old Man and the Sea in 1952. That

novella's enormous success satisfied and fulfilled Hemingway. It earned him the Pulitzer Prize in 1953. The next year he was awarded with the Nobel Prize in Literature. Upon receiving the latter he noted that he would have been "happy; happier...if the prize had been given to that beautiful writer Isak Dinesen", referring to Danish writer Karen Blixen. These awards helped to restore his international reputation.

The Old Man and the Sea

one of his masterpieces, in 1952, Hemingway went on safari

to Africa, where he was almost killed in two successive plane crashes that left him in pain or ill health for much of the rest of his life. Hemingway had permanent residences in Key West, Florida, and Cuba during the 1930s and 1940s, but in 1959 he moved from Cuba to Ketchum, Idaho, where he put an end to his life in the summer of 1961.

the famous in Havana. Hanging on the bar is a

plate with a likeness of Ernest Hemingway and a framed, signed message written by him. He was a regular patron.

received ECT treatment again. Some three weeks short of his

62nd birthday, he took his own life on the morning of July 2, 1961 at his home in Ketchum, Idaho, with a shotgun blast to the head. Judged not me ntally responsible for his final act, he was buried in a Roman Catholic service. Hemingway himself blamed the ECT treatments for "putting him out of business" by destroying his memory; some medical and scholarly opinion has been receptive to this view, although others, including one of the physicians who prescribed the electroshock regimen, dispute that opinion