Презентация Диалог культур

traditions. Family castle with ghosts, ancient universities, the famous English

pubs, the royal family, which is a source of pride and biased attention of the British - all an integral part of England. Therefore, our goal is to give you yourself traditions and ways of their implementation. British secret of longevity lies in the centuries-old tradition of English tea. Tea in Britain is more than tea. Traditions of its drinking is observed by queen and by ordinary Britons

Mikes advised: "You should never give up the cup of

tea in the following circumstances: If it is hot outside; if it's cold outside; If you are tired; if someone thinks you are tired; If you do not own; before you leave the house; If you are not at home;  if you have just come home; If you want a cup of tea; If you do not like tea, but you could; If you are a long time did not drink tea; if you've just intercepted a cup. "

Like many English traditions, tea etiquette
It seems to be very

strict and stiff. In fact, of all the restrictions and regulations is the desire to
perfection.
Its simple rules are clear, to see if they show respect to his companion, colleague,
business partners. Respect for the individual, raised to the principle and the pursuit of perfect quality
- that's what distinguishes English from other nations

tea in British culture refers to 1597. Historians have found

English
translation of travel writing of Dutch traveler Van Lin-Shahen, where he mentioned about the first brew tea.
In 1657 in England Trade coffee house Harvey (Garway's Coffee House) open permanent trade of tea in London. East India trade campaign opens London tea auction (and still existing).
In 1840 - Anna, Duchess of Bedford introduced afternoon tea among
aristocracy .Tea became a tradition, but the number of British
coffee drinkers exceeded the number of tea drinkers.
In 1851 in England the law was published It limited
sale of wine, spirits, beer and other alcoholic beverages, but
supported tea sale, coffee, chocolate, cocoa, lemonade and so on.
The Act also
became known as "the law of the five o'clock tea" because there was
paragraph, which states that all employees, workers and sailors exactly
17.00 must make a 15-minute break for
tea. It is this later became prinudilovka
the famous British tradition

process of tea.
Tea table is usually located in the living

room, by the fireplace.
It covers the white tablecloth. On the
table there is tea pair (cup and saucer), small
kettle with tea kettles, large
teapot with boiling water, tea strainer and stand under the strainer,
milk jug, sugar bowl (with white or refined
brown lumps of sugar) with a plate
lemon wedges. Tea Set had to be white.
A bouquet of flowers in a vase was necessary to create the mood. And the vase, and flowers should be chosen in serving tone. In addition, you must not apply
only teaspoons, and knives and forks (for
each guest). And for a delicious dessert -
a plate of dessert

in the cup it is not diluted by
boiling water. And

only when the beverage is bottled in a small pot of boiling water can be added. Before the use of tea
mustdt infuse for 3-5 minutes. In order to better and cool slowly insisted, used cheholchik - teacosy
(Our "tea woman" relative).
While the tea is brewed, milk, sugar, lemon, warmed sandwiches with ham and a separate kettle with boiling water are served on the table . For dessert pastries are offered, but not too sweet, so you can get a taste of beverage. This, for example, gingerbread cookies, oatmeal cookies, fruit tarts, scones.

overall mood is entirely dependent on the hosts. As is

known, any technique primarily begins with
invitations.
For invitations to official receptions are commonly used tea
cards smaller than for other invitations. The invitation to
tea is accepted to use the phrase "be home", which is clearly
determines the location of the event. Furthermore, in this
invitation indicates no starting time of reception, and the time of its beginning and end. It is understood that guests can look at any convenient time.
This invitation is accepted only specify the names of the hosts reception. The names of the men are rarely mentioned, even
if the reception will organize a family or several families. Tradition suggests that only a female is engaged in tae in the European home.

of a business meeting - Top of disrespect to the

interlocutors.
To hold tea-break in the negotiations, stocking
several varieties of tea. Offering a variety impolite.
The teapot should be dry and well warmed.
To properly brew tea, you need to wait three to five
minutes. At this time, bring one more tea - boiling water.
Provide an opportunity to dilute strong tea - sign
respect.
Milk is served before welding configure themselves, and usually to the "morning" teas. Indispensable "participant" tea
feast - refined sugar. For it will need a bowl and tongs.
Sliced ​​lemon served on a separate plate. Combine it with bergamot is not recommended.
Snacks bring in front of the guests. If a few tea breaks - snacks changed.
As soon as the participants take advantage of the Tea Party the necessary items, the remaining supplies
rearrange the support desk, freeing up space on the main table. Unchained place can
necessary, for example, to maintain records in the course of negotiations. This item belongs to the Duchess Northumbrian rules, educator and favorite maid of honor of the young Queen Victoria.

but to the XIX century there were truly Russian institutions

did not have anything like abroad - tea. Each tea has been on three premises. At one is the kitchen, the other is a kind of notary office, where small literate people - clerks were writing various complaints and petitions. And only the third room actually meant for tea. In general tables (and tea were only shared tables) were fed large samovar with boiling water and
kettles with tea leaves. Tea is offered milk, cream, donut, crushed sugar - the custom of drinking tea with sugar, a bit of sugar came from Siberia.
Sometimes to entertain visitors the hosts had a gramophone.
Under the quiet noise of bubbling samovar there was heart conversation.

us by Chinese in 1462, Ivan III reacted to it

with contempt. The same thing happened when in 1638 Ambassador Vasily Starkov brought to Moscow four pounds of tea leaves in a gift to Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich of Altyn-khan. But the royal entourage clearly appreciated the quiet life-giving drink. When in 1665-m Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich had"abdominal pain", he was handed a cup of tea, he was healed and ordered to buy tea in China regularly.

"six thousand camels tea began to push traditional drinks: cranberry

and cranberry fruit drinks, kvass, demand for it has grown, it was taken to Russia by sea, to Odessa from India and Ceylon, and then - from 1880 to the opened Trans-Siberian railway. Muscovites respected "Pearl select" and "Imperial lyansin, white tea "Silver needles«, yellow "Yunfacho with flowers." In St. Petersburg it was more popular fragrant "flower tea" with lots of "TIPS".

known to the Iranians, the Chinese and the Japanese since

ancient times ( "ho-st", "tsibati"). Remains of copper samovar Bulgarian production, archaeologists found the ruins of the medieval city of the Volga (Beldzhamen now Dubovka). Something like this existed in ancient Rome: a vessel with two high capacity (autepsa) - one for charcoal and one for liquid. A special side hole in it was laid red-hot coal, liquid poured and poured by means of a scoop - Cranes autepsa was not. In the heat of coal instead of container filled with ice, and liquid cooled.

Peter I. Our craftsmen have perfected it. The Factory of

Basil Lomov, which was opened in Tula in 1812, became famous with perial favor to wear the Russian state coat of arms. In the Nizhny Novgorod Fair at a great price samovars were masters Batashov and Lomov, Tejle, Vanykinyh, Vorontsov, Shemarinyh with brand stamp. Master samovar case showed not only the ability to own the metal, but also high artistic taste, rich imagination. Samovars were created very different shape and design, the small, mid-size and giant - for restaurants and large families. Samovars were flue (coal, wood). In the late XIX-early XX centuries. new types of "Parichko" copper pipe from the side (samovar Chernikov), and kerosene. Under Soviet rule became popular power - the prototype of the modern electric kettle. But the tea people continue to drink from the kettle and power shiny handsome standing in the sideboard, covered with ornate napkin.

domestic culture all over the world. In the XVIII century

the British have stolen from the Chinese secret of porcelain production, and Europe has to do its dishes. First porcelain was so expensive that not everyone even an aristocrat could afford it, but soon it became available. Soon in 1744 the Imperial Porcelain Factory was founded in St. Petersburg by decree of Elizabeth. Catherine II plant began to produce refined family's tea sets, not inferior Saxon porcelain. Received in 1925 the name of MV Lomonosov, to this day remains the flagship factory of Russian porcelain. Mark "LFZ" became widely known, especially after the introduction of the plant's specialists special bone china manufacturing technologies: thin-walled, almost air, clear, sonorous. Dishes for tea are made in Dulyovo, Verbilki, Gzhel and others. The wide Russian audience in merchants, peasants' houses and taverns drank tea out of earthenware. Since the beginning of creation and to this day.

was made in Russia in the XVII century in the

Novgorod region, at the same time and in the same place came up so as not to burn your fingers, coaster made of wood, decorated with carved foiled. In the middle of the XIX century new fashion promptly burst into Russian life: in secular circles, salons and among the intelligentsia men drinking tea from a glass, inserted in a silver cup holder. In Soviet times tea is always served in the office of the chief. Over time, the performance of a cheap aluminum holders with a simple glass of thin steel catering omen. Today coasters seem to be found only in the trains, where their use is reasonable: the metal is stable under shock and if you fall - not broken to pieces.

of welding is considered to be as follows: the water

is heated in a samovar, the tea brewed in a large kettle that is put on top of the samovar and covered with a special heater (in the form of the women in the lush skirts). But today samovars are replaced by electric kettles. Tea brewed just stronger in the teapot ( "baba" and then will fit) or in the piston (great invention of humankind, abolishing all sorts of strainers), brew poured into cups, then add hot water and who wants- sugar. For Russian tea we use black Ceylon, Indian, Chinese tea, today perfectly proved popular Kenyan. Tea appetizer - honey, jam, pies with various fillings, cookies, cakes, bagels. Strong tinctures and balms are often added to the tea.

Thank you for attention