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Caustic Soda
Содержание
- 1. Caustic Soda
- 2. Draw the practical set up you would need for electrolysis
- 3. INDUSTRIAL USES OF ELECTROLYSISTo extract reactive metals
- 4. Electrolysis of Brine Practical
- 5. Questions1 What did the universal indicator show you
- 6. Electrolysis of brineThe NaCl will split into
- 7. Слайд 7
- 8. Now let’s see what actually happens
- 9. Electrolysis of brineThe H+ and Cl- ions are discharged at the electrodes.
- 10. Electrolysis of brineHydrogen comes off at the
- 11. Electrolysis of brineChlorine comes off at the
- 12. Electrolysis of brineThe Na+ and OH- ions
- 13. INDUSTRIAL ELECTROLYSIS OF BRINEANODEOH- and Cl-2Cl-
- 14. Industrial chlorine production from electrolysis of brine
- 15. HydrogenUsed to make margarine (helps to make
- 16. Sodium hydroxideDetergents and soapPaper
- 17. Sodium hydroxidePurifying bauxite to extract aluminiumRayon and acetate fibres
- 18. ChlorineBleachKilling bacteria in water
- 19. ChlorineSolvents (used in dry cleaning)Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- 20. SummaryWhat are the 3 products?What they used for?Why do the dishes need to kept separate?
- 21. Скачать презентанцию
Draw the practical set up you would need for electrolysis
Слайды и текст этой презентации
Слайд 1Caustic Soda
Learning Objectives:
Describe the process of the electrolysis of brine
Describe
the uses of sodium hydroxide
Слайд 3INDUSTRIAL USES OF ELECTROLYSIS
To extract reactive metals such as ALUMINIUM,
sodium, magnesium etc from their compounds. This is EXPENSIVE due
to the large amounts of electrical energy needed. Aluminium is extracted from bauxite (Al2O3).2. Electrolysis of BRINE (salt solution) to produce CHLORINE (for disinfectants and plastics)
HYDROGEN (for ammonia fertilisers, margarine)
SODIUM HYDROXIDE (for soap and cleaning agents)
3. Purifying copper. The copper for wiring etc needs to be more pure than that produced in a blast furnace. Electrolysis is used to convert impure copper to pure copper
see below
see below
Слайд 5Questions
1 What did the universal indicator show you about the type
of substance formed in:
a the anode dish b the cathode
dish? 2 Chlorine gas is given off at the anode. How can you tell?
3 Suggest the name of an acid that might be formed in the anode dish.
4 Chlorine is an important ingredient in bleach. What observation can you make that shows the bleaching property of chlorine?
5 Why would the experiment not have worked without the filter paper between the two dishes?
6 What would be the problem with connecting the two dishes up with a piece of metal wire?
7 Give the formulae of the two ions found in sodium chloride.
8 Which of these ions will be attracted to: a the anode b the cathode?
Слайд 6Electrolysis of brine
The NaCl will split into Na+ ions and
Cl- ions.
Water splits into H+ ions and OH- (hydroxide) ions.
So what do we think will happen during electrolysis?
Remember – Na is VERY reactive, it is much more likely to exist as an ion than hydrogen.
Слайд 10Electrolysis of brine
Hydrogen comes off at the cathode ( -
)
2H+(aq) + 2e-
H2(g)Hydrogen is …… oxidised or reduced?
Слайд 11Electrolysis of brine
Chlorine comes off at the anode ( +
)
2Cl(aq) - 2e-
Cl2(g)Chlorine is …… oxidised or reduced?
Слайд 12Electrolysis of brine
The Na+ and OH- ions stay in solution.
They
join together to form sodium hydroxide.
This is a very important
alkali
Слайд 13INDUSTRIAL ELECTROLYSIS OF BRINE
ANODE
OH- and Cl-
2Cl-
2e- + Cl2
OH- left in solution so concentration grows
CATHODE
H+ and
Na+2H+ + 2e- H2
Na+ left in solution so concentration grows
Chlorine gas
Hydrogen gas
Start: Sodium chloride solution (neutral)
End: sodium hydroxide solution (alkaline)
BRINE
(NaCl solution)
Слайд 15Hydrogen
Used to make margarine (helps to make the oils in
the margarine spread on your bread)
Used as a fuel (already
important in space rockets, but may be the fuel of cars after the oil age)
