Chapter 10

Содержание

1. Chapter 10
2. Chapter OutlineFertility Trends in the United SatesThe
3. Chapter OutlinePreventing PregnancyAbortionInvoluntary Infertility and Reproductive TechnologyAdoption
4. Total fertility rate, United States, 1920–2002
5. Social Pressures to Have ChildrenOur society has
6. Total Fertility Rate by Race/ Ethnicity
7. Costs of Having ChildrenCost of raising a
8. Voluntary Childlessness70% of women surveyed in
9. Births To Unmarried Women As % of All Births
10. Pregnancy Outside Marriage40% of total births to
11. Слайд 11
12. Teen PregnancyIn 2,000, 12% of all births
13. Abortion30% of American women have had an
14. % of U.S. Adults Approving of Abortion Under Certain Circumstances
15. % of U.S. Adults Approving of Abortion Under Certain Circumstances
16. Involuntary InfertilityWanting to conceive and bear a
17. AdoptionThe U.S. Census looked at adoption for
18. International AdoptionsAbout 18,000 adoptions in 2000 were
19. Quick Quiz
20. 1. Some observers argue that U.S. society
21. Answer: bSome observers argue that U.S. society
22. 2. The text points out that, over
23. Answer: aThe text points out that spouses’ reported marital satisfaction tends to decline over time.
24. 3. Marital strain is considered to be a common cost of having children.TrueFalse
25. Answer: TrueMarital strain is considered to be a common cost of having children
26. 4. Infertility problems are attributable to the male partner in __________ percent of cases.1020 3040
27. Answer: dInfertility problems are attributable to the male partner in 40 percent of cases.
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Chapter OutlineFertility Trends in the United SatesThe Decision to Parent or Not to parentHaving Children: Options and CircumstancesThree Emerging Options

Слайды и текст этой презентации

Слайд 1Chapter 10
To Parent or Not to Parent

Слайд 2Chapter Outline
Fertility Trends in the United Sates
The Decision to Parent

or Not to parent
Having Children: Options and Circumstances
Three Emerging Options

Chapter OutlineFertility Trends in the United SatesThe Decision to Parent or Not to parentHaving Children: Options and

Слайд 3Chapter Outline
Preventing Pregnancy
Abortion
Involuntary Infertility and Reproductive Technology
Adoption

Слайд 4Total fertility rate, United States, 1920–2002

Слайд 5Social Pressures to Have Children
Our society has a pronatalist bias:

Having children is taken for granted.
83% of American women say

being or becoming a mother is important to their identity.
Some of the strongest pressures may come from a couple’s parents.

Social Pressures to Have ChildrenOur society has a pronatalist bias: Having children is taken for granted.83% of

Слайд 6Total Fertility Rate by Race/ Ethnicity

Слайд 7Costs of Having Children
Cost of raising a child born in

2001 to the age of 18, including college - $231,470.
Opportunity

Costs
Parents forego income and investment when they raise their children.
Parents work additional hours and have less leisure time.

Costs of Having ChildrenCost of raising a child born in 2001 to the age of 18, including

Слайд 8 Voluntary Childlessness
70% of women surveyed in 2001 said “no”

to the question of whether “a woman needs the experience

of motherhood to have a complete life,” including 69% of mothers.
Factors:
Greater ability to control fertility
Participation of women in work force
Concern about overpopulation
Rejection of the traditional family

Voluntary Childlessness70% of women surveyed in 2001 said “no” to the question of whether “a woman

Слайд 9Births To Unmarried Women As % of All Births

Слайд 10Pregnancy Outside Marriage
40% of total births to unmarried women in

1999 were to white mothers.
In 2000, 69% of African American

births, 43% of Hispanic births, and 22% of non-Hispanic white births occurred outside marriage.

Pregnancy Outside Marriage40% of total births to unmarried women in 1999 were to white mothers.In 2000, 69%

Слайд 11

Слайд 12Teen Pregnancy
In 2,000, 12% of all births were to teen

mothers.
79% of teen births occur outside of marriage.
Teen birth rate

is half of what it was at peak in 1957.

Teen PregnancyIn 2,000, 12% of all births were to teen mothers.79% of teen births occur outside of

Слайд 13Abortion
30% of American women have had an induced abortion at

some point in their lives.
Abortion decisions are primarily made in

the context of unmarried, accidental pregnancy.

Abortion30% of American women have had an induced abortion at some point in their lives.Abortion decisions are

Слайд 14% of U.S. Adults Approving of Abortion Under Certain Circumstances

Слайд 15% of U.S. Adults Approving of Abortion Under Certain Circumstances

Слайд 16Involuntary Infertility
Wanting to conceive and bear a child but being

physically unable to do so.
Infertility problems are attributed to

the male partner in 40% of cases, to the female partner in 40% of cases; 20% are attributed to both partners or to unknown causes.
Infertility has increased slightly—from 8% of women aged 15-44 in the 1980s to an estimated 10% in 1995.

Involuntary InfertilityWanting to conceive and bear a child but being physically unable to do so. Infertility problems

Слайд 17Adoption
The U.S. Census looked at adoption for the first time

in 2000 when there were more than 2 million adopted

children in U.S. households, about 2.5% of all children.
In terms of numbers there are more adopted children in non-Hispanic white families.
Asian/Pacific Islander families have the highest rate of adoption relative to their population.