Frederick Winslow Taylor

the book “ The principles of Scientific Management in 1911

“ ONE BEST WAY”


In tomorrow’s enterprise the knowledge worker will freed to release creative energy that will result in an era of enormous innovation and discovery, fulfilling the potential and promise of the mind.
F.W. Taylor

his career when he observed gross inefficiencies during his contact

with steel workers
Sometimes we do not work with our ultimate power….
Less efficiency than usual

purposely operating well below their capacity. He attributed soldiering to

3 causes

Workers believe that if they became more productive fewer of them will be needed and jobs will be eliminated.
Non incentive wage system encourage low productivity. They fear that management will decrease their per-unit pay if the quantity increases.
Workers waste much efforts by relying on rule –of-thumb methods rather than on optimal work methods that can be determined by scientific study of the task.

To counter soldiering and to improve efficiency, Taylor began to conduct experiments to determine the best level of performance for certain jobs and what was necessary to achieve this performance

perform a job Taylor performed experiments that he called time

studies. These studies characterized by the use of stopwatch to time a worker’s sequence of motion with the goal of determining the one best was to perform job.

EXAMPLES
PIG IRON
THE SCIENCE OF SHOVELLING
BRICKLAYING

to determine optimal work methods Taylor proposed the following 4

principles of scientific management
Evaluate a task by scientifically studying each part of the task
Carefully select workers with the right abilities for the task
Give workers the training and incentives to do the task with the proper work methods
Use scientific principles to plan the work methods and ease the way for workers do their jobs.

productivity and had substantial impact on industry they also increase

the monotony of work and in some cases the use of stop watches often was protested and led to strike. In 1911 and 1912 Taylor was questioned by a special committee of the US House of Representatives. As a result laws were passed banning the use of stop-watches by civil servants and it was only in 1949 that this restriction was lifted.
Taylor’s view of the motivations of workers has had a profound influence throughout the century until the present day.
There was strong criticism of this theory that treats human beings like machines and assumes that workers are only satisfied by money.

Anyway Taylor’s impact was so great because he developed a concept of work design, work measurement, production control and other functions.
BEFORE SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT SUCH DEPARTMENTS AS WORK STUDY, PERSONNEL, MAINTENANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL DID NOT EXIST.