Activization of students' cognitive activity

compulsion
kills in the student hunt to
mastering knowledge.
To encourage a child

to learn -
much more worthy task
what to do with it.
K.D. Ushinsky

pressing problems of modern pedagogical science and practice. The implementation

of the principle of activity in learning is of great importance, since learning and development are activity-related, and the result of learning, development and education of students depends on the quality of learning as an activity.

efficiency and quality of the educational process is the intensification

of students' cognitive activity. Knowledge obtained in finished form, as a rule, cause difficulties for students in their application to the explanation of observed phenomena and the solution of specific problems. One of the significant shortcomings of students' knowledge remains formalism, which is manifested in the separation of learned theoretical knowledge from the ability to apply them in practice.

and technology of mass education should be aimed at forming

a strong personality capable of living and working in a continuously changing world, capable of boldly developing its own strategy of behavior, making moral choices and taking responsibility for it. personality self-developing and self-fulfilling.

main thing is not just the mastery of the subject

knowledge, skills and abilities, the volume of which is constantly growing, but the very personality of the student as an active figure having the appropriate structure of the need-motivational sphere.

the activity that determines the direction and content of the

activity of each person. At the same time, involvement in cognitive activity, activity, initiative in it, self-satisfaction and their results ensure the experience of meaningfulness, significance of what is happening, are the basis for further self-improvement and self-realization of a person.

effort of mind, will, imagination, memory. Reflecting all the essential

properties of the pedagogical process (bilateralism, focus on the all-round development of the individual, the unity of the substantive and procedural sides), training at the same time has specific qualitative differences.

and practical activity. It is carried out at every life

step, in all types of activities and social relationships of students (productive and socially useful work, value-orientation, artistic and aesthetic activities, communication), as well as by performing various practical activities in the educational process (experimentation, designing , solving research problems, etc.).

characterized by activity. Activity (learning, mastering, content) determines the degree

(intensity, strength) of the “contact” of the learner with the subject of his activity.

is directly linked with activity - this is independence, which

is associated with the definition of the object, the means of activity, and its implementation by the students themselves without the help of adults and teachers.

active learners are, as a rule, more independent; the student’s

own lack of activity makes him dependent on others and deprives independence.
Student activity management is traditionally called activation.

encouraging students to energetic, purposeful learning, overcoming passive and stereotypical

activities, recession and mental stagnation. The main goal of activation is the formation of students' activity, improving the quality of the educational process.

used, the main among them are a variety of forms,

methods, means of training, the choice of such combinations of them that in arising situations stimulate the activity and independence of students.

situations in which the students themselves must:
- to defend their

opinion;
- take part in discussions and discussions;
- to put questions to his comrades and teachers;
- review the answers of comrades;
- Evaluate the answers and written work of friends;
- to engage in training the laggards;
- explain incomprehensible material to weaker students;
- independently choose a feasible task;
- to find several options for a possible solution of the cognitive task (problem);
- create situations of self-examination, analysis of personal cognitive and practical actions;

of all strive for a productive result. At the same

time, the student is required not only to understand, remember and reproduce the knowledge gained, but also to be able to operate with them, apply them in practical activities, develop them, because the degree of learning productivity depends largely on the level of activity of the student’s learning and cognitive activity.

of students be creative, exploratory in nature and, if possible,

include elements of analysis and synthesis. The process of studying a phenomenon or a problem must be research-based in all its attributes.

of students be creative, exploratory in nature and, if possible,

include elements of analysis and synthesis. The process of studying a phenomenon or a problem must be research-based in all its attributes. This is another important principle of activating educational and cognitive activity: the principle of studying the problems and phenomena under study.

methods that, if possible, would take into account the individual

characteristics of each student, i.e. implement the principle of individualization of the educational process.

of self-control and self-regulation, i.e. implementation of the principle of

self-learning. This principle allows us to individualize the learning and cognitive activity of each student on the basis of their personal active desire to replenish and improve their own knowledge and skills, studying independently additional literature, receiving advice.

is possible only if there are incentives. Therefore, among the

principles of activation, a special place is given to the motivation of educational and cognitive activity.

not be forcedness, but the student's desire to solve a

problem, to know something, to prove, to challenge.

students, as well as the choice of teaching methods, should

be determined taking into account the features of the educational process. In addition to the principles and methods, there are also factors that encourage students to be active, they can also be called as motives or incentives of the teacher to enhance the activities of students.

are:
- The creative nature of learning and cognitive activity in

itself is a powerful incentive to knowledge. The research character of educational and cognitive activity allows students to awaken a creative interest, and this in turn encourages them to actively search for new and independent knowledge.
- Competition is also one of the main motivators of student activity.

essence of which consists in overcoming practical and theoretical obstacles

in creating such situations in the process of learning activities that lead students to individual search and research activities.

presentation. The teacher poses a problem and reveals ways to

solve it, shows students the course of scientific thinking, forcing them to follow the course of the movement of thought to truth, makes students like an accomplice in scientific research.
2. Partial search activity. The work of students is directed with the help of special questions that encourage independent reasoning, active search for answers to a separate part of the problem.
3. Research activities. Independent search for a student problem solution.

situations, and here his organizational skills and ability to be

able to steer the game in the right direction should be manifested, giving it excitement, interest and helping students properly resolve the immediate situation. The game pace also depends on the master. He must be able to clearly and clearly state the conditions of the game, to organize a quick distribution of gaming equipment.

complexity of the new teaching material, change it as you

master it. Each subsequent step of the diagnostic takes into account the result of the previous one. Such programs can only be implemented using a computer.

of activating the cognitive activity of students is particularly important

due to the high rates of development and improvement of science and technology, the need of society for educated people, able to quickly navigate the environment, think independently and free from stereotypes.
The implementation of such tasks becomes possible only in conditions of active learning that stimulates the mental activity of students.