Chapter 21 Lecture Outline See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and

tables pre-inserted into PowerPoint without notes.

location and anatomic structure of lymphatic capillaries.
Explain how fluid enters

Learning Objectives:

and other immune cells
Return excess fluid in body tissues to

capillaries and is not reabsorbed by them
Such fluid moves into

interstitial fluid
Interspersed around most blood capillaries
Absent in avascular tissues, red

pressure of interstitial fluid pushes it into capillary
Anchoring filaments linking

locations in the body (metastasis)
E.g., breast cancer may metastasize to

Pectoralis major muscle

lymphatic capillaries
Located adjacent to arteries and veins
Have all three vessel

lymphatic vessels
Jugular trunks drain lymph from head and neck
Subclavian trunks

lymphatic trunks
Largest lymphatic vessels
Bring lymph to venous blood circulation
There are

to junction of left subclavian and left jugular veins
Saclike cisterna

21.1b Lymphatic Vessels, Trunks, and Ducts

Figure 21.3b

lymphatic drainage
Causes swelling and pain in affected area
May interfere with

what prevents its escape from them?
What is the order of

of lymphatic tissue and organs, and identify components of the

Learning Objective:

formation and maturation of lymphocytes
Red bone marrow and thymus
Secondary lymphatic

is an example of a primary lymphatic structure?

general function of red bone marrow.
Identify the two major types

Learning Objectives:

bone
In flat bones of skull, ribs, and sternum, vertebrae, ossa

Figure 21.4

than adults
Grows until puberty, then regresses; gradually replaced by adipose

of thymus
Medulla of thymus

of the thymus?

function of lymph nodes.
Describe the spleen and its location.
Distinguish between

Learning Objectives:

cells within a reticular connective tissue matrix
Organized into lymphatic organs

encapsulated structures
Located along deep and superficial pathways of lymph vessels
Occur

node
An efferent vessel drains a lymph node
Located at hilum (involuted

Figure 21.6a

proliferating B-lymphocytes and some macrophages
Surrounding mantle zone contains T-lymphocytes, macrophages,

21.4a Lymph Nodes

Figure 21.6b (part)

support B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, and macrophages
Medullary

Figure 21.6b (part) 21.6c

vessels
Creates pressure to push it through node to the single

night sweats, fever, and weight loss
Hodgkin lymphoma
Affects young adults and

upper abdominal quadrant
Lateral to left kidney and posterolateral to stomach
Posterolateral

and macrophages around central artery
Red pulp
Contains erythrocytes, platelets, macrophages, and

pulp arteries

filters and monitors blood (not lymph)
White pulp monitors it for

to
Ruptured spleen from abdominal injury (most common)
Infection, cyst, or tumor
Lymphoma

Tonsillar crypts
Invaginations that trap material
Contain lymphatic nodules
Some with germinal centers
21.4c

Figure 21.8b, c

oral cavity
Lingual tonsils
Along posterior one-third of tongue
21.4c Tonsils
Figure 21.8a

tonsils
Palatine tonsils most commonly affected
Redden and enlarge
May partially obstruct pharynx
Fever,

some extracellular matrix
Not completely surrounded by connective tissue capsule
Scattered nodules

genital, and urinary tracts
Found in lamina propria of the mucosa
Help

and efferent vessels at a lymph node?
Which side of the