FEUDAL BREAKING UP

division of power between five sons and a grandson did

not prevent strife.
Everyone strove for independence from the great Kiev principality
The existing order of succession to the throne gave rise to an atmosphere of instability
External threat and interference of the Polovtsy in the internal political affairs of Russia
1097g. - Lyubech congress. Fragmentation, but unification against the Polovtsians

Liubech in 1097 (officially after the death of Mstislav the

Great in 1132)
Kiev Rus was divided into 15 independent parts
Each prince was engaged in landscaping and was responsible only for his land
At the beginning of the XII century, the main principalities had formed in Russia, which retained their existence throughout the period of fragmentation
Initially, there were 14 principalities in Russia, by the end of the fragmentation there were more than 50

of subsistence farming
The isolation of households
The lack of barter

changed into landowners and aspired to political independence – as

a result deep social contradictions between boyars and peasants
Lack of precise order of succession
Deep social contradictions were the reason of necessity of strong local authority

the Mongols
Disappearance of ancient trade route from the Varangians to

the Greeks which united the Slav tribes

Boyar Republic

Novgorod
The territory of the principality was well protected from external

invasions by natural barriers - forests, rivers
Princes:
Vladimir Monomakh (son of Vsevolod Yaroslavovich)
Yuri Dolgoruky (son of Vladimir Vsevolodovich Monomakh)
Andrey Bogolyubsky (son of Yuri Vladimirovich Dolgoruky)
Vsevolod the Big Nest (son of Yuri Vladimirovich Dolgoruky)

Rostov

Suzdal

Nizhny Novgorod

Vladimir

power, a boyar council.
Since Vladimir Monomakh, the princes began to

pursue a policy of attracting, the population to
infertile land through the provision of tax incentives(за счет предоставления налоговых льгот)

The Vladimir-Suzdal principality was by that time most powerful both economically and politically

The basis of the economy was developed agriculture. A developed economy gave princes the opportunity to strengthen their power in the struggle with their neighbors

Perzemysl
Active foreign trade (neighboring with Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary)

Distance from nomads
Availability of fertile lands and forests for trades
The unification of the Galician and Volin principalities took place in the XII century

of the boyars and the weak princely authority

The people’s assemblies

sought to participate in decision-making and limited the princely power

In the principality there was no permanent dynasty

routes (Western Europe-Rus-East and Byzantium)
Crafts, salt production, beekeeping gave

the boyars huge income
Huge territory (from the Arctic Ocean to the upper Volga)

Large cities – Novgorod, Pskov, Ladoga, Rusa

of culture
Strong authority of church
The development of agriculture
The entry of

individual principalities into the international arena

Positive

Negative

The weakening of the military power of the Russian lands
Human deaths as a result of civil strife
The ruin of the household during the wars between the princes