Государственное бюджетное профессиональное образовательное учреждение города

10" дифференцированный зачет по специальности :преподавание в начальных классах
Подготовил студент группы

912б
Михайлов Александр

masters of art

the village of Ankiano near the small town of Vinci,

near Florence
Verrocchio Workshop
In 1466 Leonardo da Vinci enters the workshop of Verrocchio as an apprentice of the artist.

Verrokko workshop was located in the intellectual center of the then Italian city of Florence, which allowed Leonardo to study humanities, as well as acquire some technical skills. He studied drafting, chemistry, metallurgy, work with metal, plaster and leather. In addition, the young apprentice was engaged in drawing, sculpture and modeling. In the workshop, besides Leonardo, Perugino, Lorenzo di Credi, Agnolo di Polo studied, Botticelli worked, such famous masters as Ghirlandaio, etc. often visited. .
In 1473, at the age of 20, Leonardo da Vinci was qualified as a master in the Guild of St. Luke.

the left (lower left corner) - a work by Leonardo
In

the 15th century, ideas about the revival of ancient ideals were in the air. At the Florentine Academy, the best minds of Italy created the theory of new art. Creative youth spent time in lively discussions. Leonardo stayed away from the turbulent social life and rarely left the studio. He was not up to theoretical disputes: he improved his skills. Once Verrocchio received an order for the painting "Baptism of Christ" and commissioned Leonardo to write one of two angels. It was the usual practice of art workshops of the time: the teacher created the picture together with the assistants-students. The most talented and diligent was entrusted with the execution of a whole fragment. The two angels, written by Leonardo and Verrocchio, clearly demonstrated the superiority of the student over the teacher. As Vasari writes, the astounded Verrocchio abandoned his brush and never returned to painting.

In Milan, he made many drawings and studied the flying

mechanism of birds of different breeds and bats. In addition to observations, he conducted and experiments, but they were all unsuccessful. Leonardo really wanted to build an aircraft. He said: “Who knows everything, he can do everything. If only to find out - and the wings will be! ”.

At first, Leonardo developed the problem of flight with the help of wings set in motion by human muscle power: the idea of the simplest apparatus of Daedalus and Icarus. But then he came to the thought of building such an apparatus to which a person should not be attached, but should maintain complete freedom in order to control it; But the apparatus must set itself in motion by its own power. This is essentially the idea of an airplane.
ALSO DA VINCI DESIGNED A Parachute, a drawing of a flying machine, a military vehicle, an aircraft, a car, rapid-fire weapons and a searchlight.

di Buonarroti Simini March 6, 1475, Caprese - February 18,

1564, Rome - Italian sculptor, painter, architect, poet and thinker. One of the greatest masters of the Renaissance and Early Baroque. His works were considered the highest achievements of Renaissance art during the life of the master himself. Michelangelo lived almost 89 years, a whole epoch, from the period of the High Renaissance to the origins of the Counter-Reformation. During this period, thirteen popes changed - he carried out orders for nine of them. Many documents about his life and work have been preserved - testimonies of contemporaries, letters of Michelangelo himself, treaties, his personal and professional records. Michelangelo was also the first representative of Western European art, whose biography was printed during his lifetime.

statues of Moses, Leah and Rachel for the tomb of

Pope Julius II. Giorgio Vasari, the first official biographer of Michelangelo, wrote that "David" "took away the glory of all the statues, modern and ancient, Greek and Roman." One of the most monumental works of the artist are the frescoes of the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, about which Goethe wrote that: “Without seeing the Sistine Chapel, it is difficult to form a visual idea of what one person can do.” Among its architectural achievements is the project of the dome of St. Peter’s Basilica, the stairs of the Laurentian Library, Campidogli Square and others. Researchers believe that the art of Michelangelo begins and ends with the image of the human body.
Michelangelo was born on March 6, 1475 in the Tuscan town of Caprese north of Arezzo
In 1488, his father resigned himself to the inclinations of his son and placed him in the workshop of the artist Domenico Ghirlandaio [18]. Here Michelangelo had the opportunity to familiarize himself with basic materials and equipment, his pencil copies of works by Florentine artists such as Giotto and Masaccio belong to the same period; in these copies the sculptural vision of the forms characteristic of Michelangelo appeared [19]. The painting “The Torment of St. Anthony” (a copy of an engraving by Martin Schongauer) dates back to the same period.

He studied there for one year. A year later, Michelangelo enters the school of the sculptor Bertoldo dizhovanni, which existed under the patronage of Lorenzo de Medici, the actual owner of Florence. The Medici recognizes Michelangelo's talent and protects him. From about 1490 to 1492, Michelangelo is at the Medici court. Here he met with the philosophers of the Platonic Academy (Marsilio Ficino, Angelo Poliziano, Picot della Mirandola and others) Famous works
Madonna at the stairs. Battle of centaurs Madonna and Child. David. Apostle Matthew. The painting of the Sistine chapel. 1508-1512.
These greatest people masters of their time had a great influence on all art in general.