INTRODUCTION into TOPOGRAPHIC ANATOMY of Head & Neck

Stanko, MD, PhD
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon

Dpt. of Stomatology & Maxillofacial

Surgery
Comenius University, St Elisabeth Hospital

ANATOMY
 
● As a science deals with morphology and structures

of the human body.

● Its sound knowledge forms a basis for understanding of other subdivisions of the anatomy and is required to all clinical medical specialties.

anatomy is functional point of view
i. e. systems (e.g.

skeletal and muscular systems, cardiovascular system, digestive system, respiratory system, central and peripheral nervous system, urogenital system, integumentary system with skin and epidermal derivates etc.).

Other subdivisions of anatomy:
► Macroscopic (or gross anat.) and Microscopic (close to histology),
► Developmental (experimental, close to embryology),
► Antropological (description and measurments on larger groups of humans),
► anatomy of the External forms (for painters and sculptors).
► Comparative (between humans and animals),
 
►►► Normal and Pathological anat. (changes associated with diseases).

the human body with all structures included there regardless of

their function
i. e. regional anatomy of:
e.g. thorax, abdomen, limbs...

→→→ H+N.

description is

from the surface

to the deepier layers.

Variations

4/ Terminology

(e. g. regarding life, function) is more superficially located

Arteries

are more deeply than the veins

Truncs of nerves more deeply than the small nerve branches...

always close relatioship

The vessels are usually accompanied with nerves

(neurovascular bundle)

Blood vessels (aa., vv.) and lymphatic vessels pass thorugh the body together

degree
of variations

from

50 % to 99 % by various regions

(especially under some pathological
conditions)

precise
and avoid use of unnecessary words.


„You

will start to build your medical vocabulary.“