Karaganda state medical university

THE SUPERVISION OF THE FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT TEACHER T.G.DASHKINA

Individual work

upon the lexical topic «BRONHITIS»

tubes. Figure B is an enlarged view of a normal

bronchial tube. Figure C is an enlarged view of a bronchial tube with bronchitis.

include coughing upmucus, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest discomfort. Bronchitis is divided

into two types: acute and chronic. Acute bronchitis is also known as a chest cold.

more than 90% of cases the cause is a viral infection.

These viruses may be spread through the air when people cough or by direct contact. Risk factors include exposure to tobacco smoke, dust, and other air pollution. A small number of cases are due to high levels of air pollution or bacteria such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae or Bordetella pertussis. Treatment of acute bronchitis typically involves rest,paracetamol (acetaminophen), and NSAIDs to help with the fever.

or more per year for at least two years. Most

people with chronic bronchitis have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Tobacco smoking is the most common cause, with a number of other factors such as air pollution and genetics playing a smaller role.Treatments includequitting smoking, vaccinations, rehabilitation, and often inhaled bronchodilators and steroids.  Some people may benefit from long-term oxygen therapy or lung transplantation.

of adults are affected and about 6% of children have

at least one episode a year. In 2010, COPD affects 329 million people or nearly 5% of the population. In 2013, it resulted in 2.9 million deaths up from 2.4 million deaths in 1990.

two different forms in English: "would" and "was going to."

Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two different meanings.

help him.

you were going to go to the party.
I knew you were not going

to go to the party.

the idea that in the past you thought something would

happen in the future. It does not matter if you are correct or not. Future in the Past follows the same basic rules as the Simple Future. "Would" is used to volunteer or promise, and "was going to" is used to plan. Moreover, both forms can be used to make predictions about the future.
Examples:
I told you he was going to come to the party. plan
I knew Julie would make dinner. voluntary action
Jane said Sam was going to bring his sister with him, but he came alone. plan
I had a feeling that the vacation was going to be a disaster. prediction
He promised he would send a postcard from Egypt. promise