Слайд 1Latin borrowIngs
Latin loanwords reflected the superior material culture of the
Roman Empire, which had spread across Europe: street, wall, candle,
chalk, inch, pound, port, camp.The native Celts had also learnt some Latin, and some of these were borrowed by the Anglo-Saxons in Britain: sign, pearl, anchor, oil , chest, pear, lettuce.
Слайд 2Latin was also the language of Christianity, so a lot
of terms in religion were borrowed: pope, bishop, monk, nun,
cleric, demon, disciple, mass, priest, shrine. Christianity also brought with it learning: circul, not (note), paper, scol (school), epistol.Classical borrowings continue to appear in Modern English as well. Mostly they are words formed with the help of Latin and Greek morphemes. There are quite a lot of them in:medicine (appendicitis, aspirin).
Слайд 3Latin was also the language of Christianity, and St Augustine
arrived in Britain in AD 597 to christianise the nation.
Terms in religion were borrowed: pope, bishop, monk, nun, cleric, demon, disciple, mass, priest, shrine. Christianity also brought with it learning: circul, not (note), paper, scol (school), epistol.
Слайд 4Many Latin borrowings came in in the early MnE period.
Sometimes, it is difficult to say whether the loan-words were
direct borrowings from Latin or had come in through French (because, after all, Latin was also the language of learning among the French).
Слайд 5One great motivation for the borrowings was the change in
social order, where scientific and philosophical empiricism was beginning to
be valued. Many of the new words are academic in nature therefore: affidavit, apparatus, caveat, corpuscle, compendium, equilibrium, equinox, formula, inertia, incubate, momentum, molecule, pendulum, premium, stimulus, subtract, vaccinate, vacuum. This resulted in the distinction between learned and popular vocabulary in English.