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Lecture 4 Classification of English speech sounds

Outline1. Classification of speech sounds 2. Classification of English vowels3. Classification of English consonants

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Слайд 1Lecture 4 Classification of English speech sounds

Lecture 4  Classification of English speech sounds

Слайд 2Outline
1. Classification of speech sounds
2. Classification of English vowels
3.

Classification of English consonants

Outline1. Classification of speech sounds 2. Classification of English vowels3. Classification of English consonants

Слайд 3Classification of Speech Sounds
20 vowel phonemes
24 consonant phonemes
sonority (n.), sonorous

(adj.)
affricates [C, G]
plosives [p, b, d, t, k, g]

Classification of Speech Sounds20 vowel phonemes24 consonant phonemessonority (n.), sonorous (adj.)affricates [C, G]plosives [p, b, d, t,

Слайд 4The System of Vowels
1. the stability of articulation
Monophthongs (simple vowels)

/V/, /I/, /e/, /x/, /R/, /P/, /L/, /V/, /A/,

/W/
Diphthongs (complex vowels)
/eI/, /aI/, /OI/, /aV/, /EV/, /Iq/, /Fq/, /Vq/
Diphthongoids (diphthongized vowels)
/J/, /H/
The System of Vowels1. the stability of articulationMonophthongs (simple vowels)  /V/, /I/, /e/, /x/, /R/, /P/,

Слайд 5The System of Vowels
a nucleus
a glide
a vowel +й [j]
й [j]

+ a vowel

The System of Vowelsa nucleusa glidea vowel +й [j]й [j] + a vowel

Слайд 6The System of Vowels

2. the position of the tongue
a). horizontal

movement of the tongue
Fully front /J/, /e/, /x/
Front-retracted /I/
Central

(mixed)/W/, /q/, /A/
Fully back /R/, /P/, /L/, /H/
Back-advanced /V/


The System of Vowels2. the position of the tonguea). horizontal movement of the tongueFully front /J/, /e/,

Слайд 7The System of Vowels
kRt – back

SIp – front-retracted
kAt –

central SJp - front
The System of VowelskRt – back           SIp

Слайд 8b). vertical movement of the tongue

b). vertical movement of the tongue

Слайд 9The System of Vowels
3. quantitative principle (duration or length)
4. the

position of the lips
rounded (labialized) [P, L,H, V]

unrounded (non-labialized)
[J, I, e, W, q, A, x, R]
5. the degree of muscular tension
lax-tense



The System of Vowels3. quantitative principle (duration or length)4. the position of the lips  rounded (labialized)

Слайд 10The English Consonants
1. manner of noise production and the type

of obstruction
constrictive /s/, /z/, /S/, /Z/, /T/, /D/, /h/, /w/,

/r/, /l/, /j/
occlusive /p/, /b/, /k/, /g/, /t/, /d/, /m/, /n/, /N/
occlusive-constrictive (affricates) /C/, /G/
trilled or rolled /r/
teeth-ridge
The English Consonants1. manner of noise production and the type of obstructionconstrictive /s/, /z/, /S/, /Z/, /T/,

Слайд 11The English Consonants
2. Active organ of speech,

the place of articulation
Labial
bilabial

/m/, /p/, /b/, /w/
labio-dental /f/, /v/
Lingual
forelingual /s/, /z/, /t/, /d/, /r/, /C/, /G/, /S/, /Z/, /T/, /D/, /n/, /l/ /
mediolingual /j/, /N/
backlingual (velar) /k/, /g/





The English Consonants2. Active organ of speech,     the place of articulationLabial

Слайд 12Forelingual
Position of the tongue
dorsal /т/,/д/,/с/,/н/,/ч/,/ц/
apical /s/, /z/, /t/, /d/, /C/,

/G/, /S/, /Z/,/n/, /l//
cacuminal Br./r/; retroflex(ed) (sub-apical) Am. /r/

Place

of Obstruction
interdental Am./T/, /D/
dental Br. /T/, /D/
Russ. /т/,/д/,/с/,/з/
alveolar /s/, /z/, /t/, /d/, /n/, /l//
post-alveolar /r/
palato-alveolar /C/, /G/, /S/, /Z/

ForelingualPosition of the tonguedorsal /т/,/д/,/с/,/н/,/ч/,/ц/apical /s/, /z/, /t/, /d/, /C/, /G/, /S/, /Z/,/n/, /l// cacuminal Br./r/; retroflex(ed)

Слайд 13
3. the work of the vocal cords

voiced – voiceless

4. the soft

palate
nasal - oral
3. the work of the vocal cords        voiced – voiceless

Слайд 14D. Jones’ Classification
according to the organs which articulate
bilabial /m/,

/p/, /b/, /w/
labio-dental /f/, /v/
dental /θ/, /D/
alveolar /s/, /z/, /t/,

/d/, /l/, /n/
post-alveolar /r/
palato-alveolar /C/, /G/, /S/, /Z/
palatal /j/
velar /k/, /g/, /N/
glottal /h/

D. Jones’ Classificationaccording to the organs which articulate bilabial /m/, /p/, /b/, /w/labio-dental /f/, /v/dental /θ/, /D/alveolar

Слайд 15
2. according to the manner in which the speech organs

articulate
plosives [p, b]
affricates
nasal
lateral
rolled (trilled)
flat [r] e.g. very, sorry
fricatives

[s, z]

2. according to the manner in which the speech organs articulateplosives [p, b]affricatesnasallateralrolled (trilled)flat [r]

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