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Psychoactive substances and drugs. Antidepressants
Содержание
- 1. Psychoactive substances and drugs. Antidepressants
- 2. Overview 10700 y.a. – The betel nut was
- 3. LegalityThe resolution of the government of Russian
- 4. Mechanisms and effectsAgonists:increasing the synthesis of one or more
- 5. Mechanisms and effects
- 6. Слайд 6
- 7. Addictionpsychological dependence physical dependence
- 8. UsageAnxiolyticsExample: Benzodiazepine EuphoriantsExample: MDMA (Ecstasy), MDA, 6-APB, IndopanStimulants ("uppers")Examples: amphetamine, caffeine, cocaine, nicotineDepressants ("downers"), including sedatives, hypnotics, and narcotics. Examples: ethanol (alcoholic beverages), opioids, barbiturates, benzodiazepinesHallucinogens, including psychedelics, dissociatives and deliriantsExamples: psilocybin, LSD, Salvia divinorum and nitrous oxide
- 9. Ritual and spiritual
- 10. Recreation alcohol –in most areas of the world
- 11. PharmacoyherapyAnesthesiaPain managementMental disorders
- 12. Depression and Antidepressants Key facts:Depression is a
- 13. Drugs used for the treatment of depression:
- 14. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs Citalopram (Celexa) Escitalopram (Lexapro) Fluoxetine (Prozac) Paroxetine (Paxil) Sertraline (Zoloft) Vilazodone (Viibryd)Vortioxetine (Brintellix)
- 15. Serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, SNRIs Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq) Duloxetine (Cymbalta)Venlafaxine (Effexor, Effexor XR)Levomilnacipran (Fetzima)
- 16. Other Antidepressants Bupropion (Wellbutrin)Mirtazapine (Remeron, Remeron SolTab)Trazodone (Desyrel, Oleptro)
- 17. Tricyclic antidepressants, TCAs Amitriptyline (Elavil) Desipramine (Norpramin) Imipramine (Tofranil) Clomipramine (Anafranil) Nortriptyline (Pamelor) Protriptyline (Vivactil)Doxepin (Sinequan, Silenor)Trimipramine (Surmontil) Amoxapine
- 18. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors,MAO IsSelegiline transdermal patch (Emsam)Tranylcypromine (Parnate) Phenelzine (Nardil) Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
- 19. HerbalsHypericum perforatum (St John's Wort)
- 20. The End
- 21. Скачать презентанцию
Overview 10700 y.a. – The betel nut was chewed in Thailand 7000 y.a. – Coca was being used in the Andes Before European contact – Native Americans used tobacco
Слайды и текст этой презентации
Слайд 2Overview
10700 y.a. – The betel nut was chewed in Thailand
European contact – Native Americans used tobacco
Слайд 3Legality
The resolution of the government of Russian Federation N 681 (30.06.1998)
1) list I: mescaline and its derivatives, hashish, heroin, marijuana,
methadone, MMDA, opium, psilocybin , psilocin, ephedrine, etc.2) list II: codeine, cocaine, morphine, ethylmorphine, omnopon, fentanyl, promedol, etc.
3) list III: barbital, nitrazepam, diazepam, taren, etc.
4) list IV:ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, acetone, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, potassium permanganate, acetic acid, etc.
Слайд 4Mechanisms and effects
Agonists:
increasing the synthesis of one or more neurotransmitters
reducing its reuptake from the synapses
mimicking the action by binding directly to the postsynaptic receptor
Antagonists:
interfering with synthesis blocking postsynaptic receptors
Слайд 8Usage
Anxiolytics
Example: Benzodiazepine
Euphoriants
Example: MDMA (Ecstasy), MDA, 6-APB, Indopan
Stimulants ("uppers")
Examples: amphetamine, caffeine, cocaine, nicotine
Depressants ("downers"), including sedatives, hypnotics, and narcotics.
Examples: ethanol (alcoholic beverages), opioids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines
Hallucinogens, including
psychedelics, dissociatives and deliriants
Examples: psilocybin, LSD, Salvia divinorum and nitrous oxide
Слайд 10Recreation
alcohol –in most areas of the world it is legal for
those over a certain age
tobacco – a legal drug
cannabis
caffeine - a legal
drug, contained in coffee, tea, energy drinsks, and some soft drinksMDMA
cocaine
amphetamines – prescribed for ADHD
psilocybin mushrooms
LSD –banned in October 1968 by US President Lyndon B Johnson.
opiates and opioids – available by prescription.
tranquilizers – barbiturates, benzodiazepines - commonly prescribed for anxiety
nitrous oxide - legal
ketamine – used by paramedics in emergency situations for its dissociative and analgesic qualities
amyl nitrite – a vasodilator (legal)
other drugs (antidepressants, tranquilizers, analgesics, etc)
Слайд 12Depression and Antidepressants
Key facts:
Depression is a common mental disorder. Globally,
more than 350 million people of all ages suffer from
depressionDepression is the leading cause of disability worldwide, and is a major contributor to the global burden of disease
More women are affected by depression than men
At its worst, depression can lead to suicide
There are effective treatments for depression
Слайд 13Drugs used for the treatment of depression:
Selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SSRIs)
Serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
Atypical antidepressants
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
(MAOIs)St. John’s wort ( Hypericum perforatum)
Слайд 14Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs
Citalopram (Celexa)
Escitalopram (Lexapro)
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Paroxetine (Paxil)
Sertraline
(Zoloft)
Vilazodone (Viibryd)
Vortioxetine (Brintellix)
Слайд 15Serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, SNRIs
Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Venlafaxine (Effexor, Effexor XR)
Levomilnacipran (Fetzima)
Слайд 16Other Antidepressants
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
Mirtazapine (Remeron, Remeron SolTab)
Trazodone (Desyrel, Oleptro)
Слайд 17Tricyclic antidepressants, TCAs
Amitriptyline (Elavil)
Desipramine (Norpramin)
Imipramine (Tofranil)
Clomipramine (Anafranil)
Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
Protriptyline (Vivactil)
Doxepin (Sinequan,
Silenor)
Trimipramine (Surmontil)
Amoxapine
Слайд 18Monoamine oxidase inhibitors,MAO Is
Selegiline transdermal patch (Emsam)
Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
Phenelzine (Nardil)
Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
