Слайд 1Tides in the Arctic
Ruslan May
Слайд 2Cotidal map by Robert von Sterneck (1928)
Слайд 3Gjevik B., Straume T. Model simulations of the M2 and
K1 tide in the Nordic Seas and Arctic Ocean //
Tellus. 1989. Vol. 41A, N1. p 73-96
Kowalik, Z., Proshutinsky, A.Y. The Arctic Ocean Tides // The Polar Oceans and their role in shaping the global environment. Geophysical Monograph 85, edited by O. M. Johannessen, R. D. Muench, and J. E. Overland, AGU, Washington, D. C., pp. 137-158, 1994. http://www.ims.uaf.edu/tide/
Слайд 4Cotidal maps of semidiurnal tidal waves (Kowalik, Proshutinsky; 1994)
http://www.ims.uaf.edu/tide/
S2
M2
Слайд 5Cotidal maps of diurnal tidal waves (Kowalik, Proshutinsky; 1994)
http://www.ims.uaf.edu/tide/
K1
O1
Слайд 6(Kowalik, Proshutinsky; 1994)
Characteristics of tidal currents
Слайд 8Padman, L., Erofeeva S. A barotropic inverse tidal model for
the Arctic Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2004 ,Vol. 31, No.
2.
Model is available from
http://www.esr.org/AOTIM/arctic_summary.html
Слайд 9Amplitudes and phases of semidiurnal tidal wave (Padman, Erofeeva; 2004)
Слайд 10Amplitudes and phases of diurnal tidal wave (Padman, Erofeeva; 2004)
Слайд 11Mean tidal current speed (cm/s) (Padman, Erofeeva; 2004)
Слайд 12The ice cover influence on tidal movements has following effects:
The occurrence in a tidal stream the under-ice boundary layer
The tidal wave reflection from border between sea ice and open water
Reduction of propagation speed and amplitudes of tidal waves under fast ice.
Слайд 13Variability of harmonic constants in Arctic
Владимир Юльевич Визе
Vladimir Wiese
(1889-1954)
Слайд 14Variability of harmonic constants
White Sea
Слайд 1537%
50%
long-term variability of harmonic as modulation by nonlinear
tidal waves
Слайд 16
http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/ocng_textbook/contents.html
http://www.oceanographers.ru/
Слайд 17Literature
G. Godin “The Analysis of Tides” – Л.: University of
Toronto Press, 1972.
В.Р. Ржонсницкий “Приливные движения” – Л.: Гидрометеоиздат,
1979 г.
Слайд 18Literature
А.И. Дуванин “Приливы в море” – Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1960 г.
А.В. Некрасов “Приливные волны в окраинных морях” – Л.: Гидрометеоиздат,
1975 г.
А.В. Некрасов “Энергетика океанских приливов” – Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1990 г.
Слайд 19Tidal questions in the examination paper
№ 1
What are tides and
tide-producing forces?
(At what zenith length values horizontal and vertical
components of tide-producing forces will be minimum and maximum? The vertical or horizontal component of tide-producing forces form tides in the Ocean? Why?)
Tides № 2
Слайд 20№ 2
Describe elements of a tidal wave.
(What are the
High Water, Low Water, Lunitidal interval, a tidal range, amplitude
of tide, the period of a tidal wave? How the period and frequency of tidal wave are connected? What types of tides exist in the Ocean? What type of tides has widest distribution? Where are the maximum tidal ranges in the World and in Russia?)
Tides № 1
Слайд 21№ 3
By means of the Equilibrium theory of tides explain
the reason of diurnal, semidiurnal, mixed tides and tidal inequalities.
(List the basic assumptions of Equilibrium theory of tides. What are tidal inequalities? What tidal inequalities of tides do exist?)
Tides № 2.
Слайд 22№ 4
Than the Laplace’s tidal equations differ from the modern
equations of tidal dynamics?
(Write equations of tidal dynamic, specify
the nonlinear terms of equations. What methods of the decision of the dynamics equations exist?)
Tides № 3, Tides № 7
Слайд 23№ 5
What is the harmonic analysis of tides?
(Write a
basic equation of tidal prediction. List the Darwin’s names of
the basic tidal waves on Darwin’s classification, specify their periodicity. What are shallow-water constituent (overtides and compound tides) of tides? What reason of overtides and compound tides?)
Tides № 4, Tides № 6, Tides № 7
Слайд 24№ 6
Describe elements of cotidal map.
(What are the cotidal
line, co-range line, amphidromic point, amphidromic systems, nodal zones? How
are differ Harris’s and Taylor’s amphidromic systems? How to define direction of tidal waves propagation using cotidal maps?)
Tides № 5
