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TIP ELEKTRONİĞİ

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25.3 BÖLÜM

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Слайд 1 TIP ELEKTRONİĞİ


2006
Erciyes Üniversitesi
Mühendislik Fakültesi



TIP ELEKTRONİĞİ2006Erciyes ÜniversitesiMühendislik Fakültesi

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5.3 BÖLÜM

25.3 BÖLÜM

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ELEKTROKARDİYOGRAFİK TEŞHİS VE TEDAVİ CİHAZLARI

3ELEKTROKARDİYOGRAFİK TEŞHİS VE TEDAVİ CİHAZLARI

Слайд 44
Damar sertliği ve Koroner tıkanıklığın etkileri
Kalp krizi
Felç

4Damar sertliği ve Koroner tıkanıklığın etkileriKalp kriziFelç

Слайд 55
Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar
Yüksek kolesterol

5Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlarYüksek kolesterol

Слайд 66
Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar
1) Aşırı kilo
The 1999 Health Survey for

England revealed that
19% of men and 21% of

women are clinically obese
44% of men and 33% of women are overweight.
6Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar1) Aşırı kiloThe 1999 Health Survey for England revealed that  19% of men

Слайд 77
Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar
2) Sigara
Smoking is the biggest risk

factor for sudden death; up to 18 in every 100

deaths from heart disease are associated with smoking.
7Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar2) Sigara Smoking is the biggest risk factor for sudden death; up to 18

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Sigara

8Sigara

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How does smoking cause heart disease?
Smoking damages coronary artery

walls eventually causing them to harden and narrow and reduce

blood supply to the heart muscle.
Smoking lowers HDL-cholesterol (good cholesterol).
Smoking increases fibrinogen in the blood which makes your blood more sticky and likely to clot.
Smoking increases your heart rate and blood pressure.
Smoking removes oxygen from the blood and replaces it with carbon monoxide
9How does smoking cause heart disease? Smoking damages coronary artery walls eventually causing them to harden and

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What makes smoking harmful?
Tobacco
smoke contains over 4000 chemical compounds but

nicotine and carbon monoxide are the two that are most

dangerous for your heart.

Nicotine
Nicotine stimulates the body to produce adrenaline which makes the heart beat faster and raises blood pressure, causing the heart to work faster.

Carbon monoxide
joins onto haemoglobin in the bloodstream making it less able to carry oxygen to the heart muscle and all other parts of the body. Up to half the blood can be carrying carbon monoxide instead of oxygen in some smokers.

Tar
is brown and treacly in appearance and causes cancer. Low tar cigarettes can be just as harmful to your heart health.
10What makes smoking harmful?Tobaccosmoke contains over 4000 chemical compounds but nicotine and carbon monoxide are the two

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Smoking increase in hematocrit

11Smoking increase in hematocrit

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Smoking has dangerous effects on other parts of the body
Stroke

12Smoking has dangerous effects on other parts of the bodyStroke

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Smoking has dangerous effects on other parts of the body
Many

types of cancer (particularly lung cancer)

13Smoking has dangerous effects on other parts of the bodyMany types of cancer (particularly lung cancer)

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Smoking has dangerous effects on other parts of the body
Chronic

bronchitis

14Smoking has dangerous effects on other parts of the bodyChronic bronchitis

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Smoking has dangerous effects on other parts of the body
emphysema;



Doku ve organlar arasında hava kalması
1. Normal hava kesesi (Alveoli) 2.

Alveoli Affected by Emphysema
15Smoking has dangerous effects on other parts of the bodyemphysema; Doku ve organlar arasında hava kalması1. Normal

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Smoking has dangerous effects on other parts of the body
Bacak

damarlarında varis oluşumu

16Smoking has dangerous effects on other parts of the bodyBacak damarlarında varis oluşumu

Слайд 1717
Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar
3) Kötü beslenme
Triglycerides içeren gıdalar;

Et ürünleri,


yumurta,
tereyağı,
peynir,
yağlı süt,

krema,
şekerli pastalar,
kek
alkol
şeker
17Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar3) Kötü beslenmeTriglycerides içeren gıdalar; Et ürünleri, yumurta, tereyağı, peynir, yağlı süt, krema, şekerli

Слайд 1818
Hangi kolesterol?
Doğru beslenme

18Hangi kolesterol?Doğru beslenme

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Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar
4) Stres

19Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar4) Stres

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What causes stress?
exams Listening the news
arguments homework


being left out of a group a new school


girl friends / boy friends being late
going to the dentist moving house
taking on a new responsibility a job interview

20What causes stress? exams 				Listening the news arguments 				homework being left out of a group 		a new

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Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar
5) Hareketsiz yaşam

21Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar5) Hareketsiz yaşam

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Physical activity plays an important part in preventing heart disease

by helping to:
Reduce your risk of having a stroke.


Increase HDL-cholesterol level.
Reduce your weight
Control blood sugar (glucose).
Reduce your chance of developing diabetes.
Prevent blood clotting.
22Physical activity plays an important part in preventing heart disease by helping to: Reduce your risk of

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Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar
6) Şeker hastalığı (Diabet)

Açken kan şekeri

(glukoz)
60-110 mg olmalıdır.

23Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar6) Şeker hastalığı (Diabet) Açken kan şekeri (glukoz) 60-110 mg olmalıdır.

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Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar
7) Yüksek tansiyon

24Damar sertliğini oluşturulan unsurlar7) Yüksek tansiyon

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What Blood Pressure Is Considered Too High?
120/80 -

Normal
139/89 - Prehypertension
(This means that you do not have

hypertension, but you are likely to develop it in the future unless you adopt lifestyle changes to keep your blood pressure under control)
140/90 - Hypertension
25What Blood Pressure Is Considered Too High? 120/80 - Normal 139/89 - Prehypertension(This means that you do

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Damar sertliği ve Koroner tıkanıklık
Damar sertliği;
Kalbi besleyen damar duvarlarında

yağ ve kireç birikimi (plak) ile oluşmaktadır.

26Damar sertliği ve Koroner tıkanıklıkDamar sertliği; Kalbi besleyen damar duvarlarında yağ ve kireç birikimi (plak) ile oluşmaktadır.

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Kan akışı

27Kan akışı

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Plak ve kan akışı

28Plak ve kan akışı

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Kalp atağı
Heart Attack Pain Areas

29Kalp atağıHeart Attack Pain Areas

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Kalp atağı

30Kalp atağı

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Kalp atağı sonrası işlemler
Anjiografi

31Kalp atağı sonrası işlemler Anjiografi

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Angiograph

32Angiograph

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Anjiografi
Cardiac catheterization procedure

33Anjiografi Cardiac catheterization procedure

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Coronary angiogram Picture
The arrow indicates a blockage in the right

coronary artery

34Coronary angiogram PictureThe arrow indicates a blockage in the right coronary artery

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Electrophysiology Studies - EPS
EPS, kalbin elektriksel uyarılara nasıl cevap

verdiğini tespit eder Elektriksel sinyaller yardımı ile aritminin nerede başladığı ve

hangi ilacın aritmiyi durdurduğu tespit edilir.

Uyarı sinyalleri ve
cevap sinyalleri kaydedilir

Kateter kullanılır

35Electrophysiology Studies - EPS EPS, kalbin elektriksel uyarılara nasıl cevap verdiğini tespit eder  Elektriksel sinyaller yardımı

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Electrophysiology Studies - EPS

36Electrophysiology Studies - EPS

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Computed Tomography (CT) Scan
CT scan is an x-ray technique

that uses a computer to create slice-like pictures of the

heart.

The patient lies on a scanning table,

The CT scanner takes many x-ray pictures of thin slices of your heart.
37Computed Tomography (CT) Scan CT scan is an x-ray technique that uses a computer to create slice-like

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Computed Tomography (CT) Scan

38Computed Tomography (CT) Scan

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This 3D spiral CT view is looking down on

top of the left ventricle.

It shows a normal

coronary artery (black arrow) and side branches.

Computed Tomography (CT) Scan

39 This 3D spiral CT view is looking down on top of the left ventricle.  It

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Doppler ultrasound or "echo"
Echocardiography

40Doppler ultrasound or

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Echocardiography Technique

41Echocardiography Technique

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The echo actually consists of three different procedures:

42The echo actually consists of three different procedures:

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1) M-mode echocardiography Technique
In the M-mode a single beam of

ultrasound is used

431) M-mode echocardiography TechniqueIn the M-mode a single beam of ultrasound is used

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M-mode echocardiography
M-mode echocardiography provides a one-dimensional moving image of the

heart. The waves indicate structures in the heart, such as

the valves, chambers, and walls.
44M-mode echocardiographyM-mode echocardiography provides a one-dimensional moving image of the heart. The waves indicate structures in the

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2) Two-dimensional echocardiography Technique

452) Two-dimensional echocardiography Technique

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Two-dimensional echocardiography Technique

46Two-dimensional echocardiography Technique

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Echocardiography Techique
3) Doppler echocardiography

47Echocardiography Techique3) Doppler echocardiography

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3) Doppler echocardiography
Doppler Echocardiography Study

483) Doppler echocardiographyDoppler Echocardiography Study

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Intravascular Ultrasound

49Intravascular Ultrasound

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Intravascular Ultrasound

50Intravascular Ultrasound

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Intravascular Ultrasound

51Intravascular Ultrasound

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Holter Monitoring

52Holter Monitoring

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Ambulatory ECG - Holter

53Ambulatory ECG - Holter

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Exercise EKG, or Stress Test
The patient is attached

to the EKG machine.
The patient exercises by walking on

a treadmill or pedaling a stationary bicycle while the EKG is recorded.
This test is done to assess changes in the EKG during stress such as exercise.
54Exercise EKG, or Stress Test The patient is attached to the EKG machine. The patient exercises by

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging - (MRI)

55Magnetic Resonance Imaging - (MRI)

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Magnetic resonance Imaging - (MRI)
MRI cihazı uzun bir tünel veya

tüp gibidir.

Tünel içerisine hasta yatırıldığında, etrafı manyetik alanla çevrilir.


56Magnetic resonance Imaging - (MRI)MRI cihazı uzun bir tünel veya tüp gibidir. Tünel içerisine hasta yatırıldığında, etrafı

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Magnetic resonance Imaging - (MRI)

57Magnetic resonance Imaging - (MRI)

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging - (MRI)

58Magnetic Resonance Imaging - (MRI)

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Nuclear (Thallium) Stress Test

59Nuclear (Thallium) Stress Test

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Nuclear (Thallium) Stress Test

60Nuclear (Thallium) Stress Test

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Nuclear (Thallium) Stress Test
A nuclear stress test lets
A nuclear

stress test lets
Soldaki resim dinlenme esnasında, sağdaki ise excercise

esnasında kaydedilen nuclear stress test resimleridir.

Karanlık kısım kan akışındaki anormalliği göstermeketdir.
61Nuclear (Thallium) Stress TestA nuclear stress test lets A nuclear stress test lets Soldaki resim dinlenme esnasında,

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Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)

62Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)

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Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)

63Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)

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Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)

64Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)

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Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)

65Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)

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Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)

66Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)

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Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)
The PET scanner measures this radioactivity

throughout your body and uses computers to create pictures of

your heart or other body tissues.
67Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)The PET scanner measures this radioactivity throughout your body and uses computers to

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Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)

68Positron Emission Tomography - (PET)

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Normal kalp anatomisi

69Normal kalp anatomisi

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Bockage in right coronary artery

70Bockage in right coronary artery

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Heart-Lung Bypass machine

71Heart-Lung Bypass machine

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Bacaktan ven alınır

72Bacaktan ven alınır

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Koldan ven alınır

73Koldan ven alınır

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Bypass sona erer

74Bypass sona erer

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Bypass örnekleri

75Bypass örnekleri

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