Sights of New York

учитель англ.языка Камалян Арета Ашотовна МОУ СОШ№20. г.Балаково

form N.Y. And N.Y.C., a nickname «Big apple»,
Big Apple), a

city in the northeast USA, the State of New York. The largest city of the country, together with
numerous suburbs forms one of the world's largest city agglomerations. It is located in a mouth of the river
Hudson with numerous gulfs and the channels forming convenient harbors. Actually New York occupies the space
nearby 800 км2, including a part прилежащего islands Land Islands. It is divided into five large administrative
areas (Manhattan, Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens and Stejten-Ajlend) as which borders passages and channels serve. The
population of 8,1 million persons (2004), the Big New York together with suburbs of 21,2 million persons (2004),
agglomeration of the Big New York together with Philadelphia (the second in the world on number after Tokyo)
makes 30,1 million persons (2004).
The largest economic, political, trading-financial, scientific and cultural centre of the USA.

The first of Europeans the New York gulf have

opened Italian researcher Dzh. Yes Verrazcano (in 1524) and the
English seafarer G.Gudson (in 1609). According to the advice of Hudson, the Dutch Vest-Indsky company in 1626 has
based on coast of a gulf settlement under the name New Amsterdam. In 1647-1664 the settlement remains under the
aegis of Holland. In 1664 it has been grasped by Englishmen, in 1674 definitively the city became English
possession and has been renamed into New York. The city status has received in 1686.
In 1700 in a city lived nearby 5 000 the person, the city has been connected to Bronx the bridge the
Kings'-bridge. From the middle 18 century became one of the struggle centre for independence. In September 1765
in New York there has passed the stamp duty Congress (meeting of 27 delegates from 9 colonies on which the
petition to the king and parliament of England has been made). Since 1766, in a city often there passed skirmishes
between the Anti-British organization «Sons of freedom» and the British armies. The first large collision has
occurred in January 1770. In 1774 in New York the leaflet with an appeal has been printed to call the Continental
congress, the English deputy has been compelled to leave a city before independence has been declared. During war
in 1776 for long seven years the city has been occupied by the British armies (New York has fallen into decay,
the population was reduced, many buildings have seriously suffered during two strongest fires). Only in 1783 army
of J. Washington has occupied a city.

services. Sewing and polygraph branches are most
developed; chemical, a

petroleum-refining industry, metal working and mechanical engineering, the food-processing
industry, manufacture of furniture, musical instruments, products from a skin, computer accessories, the software.
The advertising centre in the country. In a city and its suburbs there are central offices more than 100
American companies from 500 of the largest, including «Carnegie style» (Carnegie Steel),
(American Tobacco), «Стандард ойл» (Standard Oil).
The New York stock exchange - the world's largest centre of financially-bank operations. Large branch stock
exchanges. The largest banks of the country, including Federal reserve bank. The insurance companies. The city
has received a nickname of "economic capital of the world». The central establishments of the United Nations and
representation of the countries-participants of the United Nations.

scientific and educational centre of the country. Large universities, including

the Colombian
university (it is based in 1754), the New York university (1831), Rockefeller's (1901) University, Catholic
university Formed (1841), the New York city university (1847), a charitable educational institution
«the Kuperovsky union» (1859), over 80 colleges. One of the largest in the country the New York public library.
New York differs the multinationality, according to census of 2000 in New York lived about 200 various
national groups, here there are more than Jews, than in Tel Aviv, it is more than Irish than in Dublin, it is
more than Puerto-Ricans than in San Juan. About third of population descendants of the European immigrants, as
much make the Spanish-speaking population, one fourth - the Afro-Americans and the one tenth-representatives of
the Asian people.

York and its most well-known monument is Statue of Liberty

(it is located on an islet at an input in the New York bay).

granite island (it is opened in 1524), according to a

legend is
got by Dutch's at Indians for 24 dollars (more precisely for a beads for this sum). Island (58 км2) will
extend along the river Hudson on 21 km at width no more than 4 km between a watercourse and East protowhich.
On it 12 avenues going from the north on the south, and 220 perpendicular it of streets are laid. Manhattan is
the centre of a huge metropolis, inhabitants of other areas and suburbs name its "city" (the City).
Many streets and the city areas (to be exact its centre - Manhattan) are symbols of this or that party of the
American validity: Uoll-strit - the centre of a financial life of the country, the Broadway - the theatre life
centre, a symbol of the American show business, the Fifth avenue - a symbol of prestige and expensive shops,
Madison-avenue - the centre of the American advertising, the Seventh avenue - the centre of the American fashion,
Greenwich-village symbolizes the American bohemia, and Harlem is a symbol Afro-Americans Americas.

Central park (4 km at length, 800 m at width,

only here it is possible to
see exits of the radical geological breeds composing island Manhattan) near to which there is an American museum
of history of natural sciences (it is based in 1869, 12 scientific departments, large library, here are stored
largest of found on the earth the meteorite, sapphire «Star of India» and other finds); the New York museum of the
modern art; a building of customs of the USA (1907), a national monument the Federal soldier-hall in the Neogreek
style (1842), Episcopal Trinity-church (church of the St. Trinity) in Neurotic style (1846), an Episcopal chapel
Saint Paul (St. Paul), City-hall (a town hall, 1811), St. John Bogoslova's cathedral (building is conducted with
1872, the world's largest Gothic cathedral, is located in the Top Manhattan), St. Patrick's cathedral (1850-1878,
in Neogothic style, architect Dzh. Ренуик). More than 30 million tourists visit Manhattan annually.

New York, is located on island Lond Island,
borders on

area Queens. Three bridges connect Brooklyn to Manhattan, including the well-known trailing Brooklyn
bridge (it is built in 1869-1883, record the then length of flight - 478 m, height of 40,5 m, one of symbols of
New York and the American engineering thought). Bridge Verrazano-Nerrouz connects to area Staten-island
(it is constructed in 1959-1964, length of flight - 1298 m, 12 numbers, 2 levels, is named in honor of J. Yes
Веррацано). Its central business quarter, Sivik-senter, and factories, old churches and cultural institutions
remind shipyards that to 1898 Brooklyn was a separate city (it is populated with Dutch's in 1636 and it is named
in honors of the Dutch city of Brooklyn, in 1855 it there was a third settlement USA on size). In Brooklyn green
parkways and prestigious inhabited quarters have remained.

consisted of a number of the small settlements divided by

extensive forest-park
files and beaches. Since 1920, Queens was actively urbanized, though some micro districts nevertheless have kept the historical
shape, and the area most part is made till now by private houses.
Longajlend-city - the light industry centre, Forest-Hils -
luxurious inhabited micro district. Among ethnic communities are allocated: the Greek Astoria, Latin American Jackson-Hajts and
Краун, афроамериканская Джамейка. In the early eighties lodged in Queens immigrants from India, Pakistan, Caribbean basin and Korea.
Here there are basic New York airports La-Gvardia and J. F.Kennedy. Queens also is the centre of a sports life (stadium "Sew«, a
hippodrome «Акуидакт», park Flashing-medouz where matches of the open championship of the USA on tennis (U.S.Open) are led. Among
sights: Company TWA air terminal (1962, architect E.Saarinen) at the international airport of J.F.Kennedy, park Jacobin.

occupied and reminds suburb more. Among old
micro districts -

Richmond town and Tote well. Before bridge Verrazano Nerrouze opening in 1964 has been connected with Manhattan,
other areas and continent only by means of a ferry communication.