Culture of Ancient Egypt Gaptulganiev Daniyar

a building intended for worshiping the gods. The word "temple"

literally means "the house of God." One of the most important places of the temple was the sanctuary, which usually contained images and statues of the gods.
At the temples there were priests - ministers of the gods.
Pharaohs gave temples numerous gifts (gold, silver, slaves, gardens and arable land, etc.)

the gods.
Priests are mediators between gods and people.
The priests interpreted

the divine will, and therefore the pharaohs were considered with their opinion. The priests possessed immense knowledge that was passed on from generation to generation and was kept in strictest secrecy.

human life.

of the deceased, embalming him. The body was dried, impregnated

with resin and wrapped in bandages - it turned into a mummy. Then put the mummy in a coffin - a sarcophagus.
The sarcophagi were often made from expensive wood, precious metals and other valuable materials and were decorated with paintings and inscriptions. The sarcophagus was located in the tomb.

Sarcophagus with mummy

Embalming

huge tombs of pharaohs. They are guarded by the Great

Sphinx - a creature with a human or animal head and a lion's body. .
The highest pyramid - the pyramid of the pharaoh Cheops - was built in the XXVIII century BC. E.

Pyramid of Cheops (Egypt, Giza)

organizing the burial of the deceased god, wrapped his body

in cloth impregnated with a special compound, thus making the first mummy. Therefore, Anubis is considered the creator of funeral rites, the patron of necropolises, and is called the god of embalming. Anubis helped save the body of Osiris.

God Anubis extracts the heart of the deceased to weigh it on the court of Osiris.

with the help of paints applied to any surface.
Painting -

colorful drawings on walls, ceilings, etc.
Artists and sculptors of Egypt in the depiction of man adhered to certain rules. The upper part of the human body - the shoulders, hands - look as if the person is standing in front, and the legs and head - in profile (sideways).

by sculpting, carving or casting.
The relief is a convex image

on a plane.

A statue of Amenhotep II
(he smiles)

Egypt near the small town of Rosetta was found a

black stone, covered with ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs. This inscription was able to decipher the French explorer Jean-Francois Champollion.
The text of the stone is a thank you note, which in 196 BC. E. Egyptian priests addressed, the next ruler of Egypt, Ptolemy.
Rosetta stone has a height of 114.4 cm, a width of 72.3 cm, and a thickness of 27.9 cm. It weighs about 760 kg.
Since 1802, it has been kept in the British Museum

Rosetta Stone

Egyptian doctors could treat various diseases, and also with the

help of medical instruments carry out complex surgical operations.
The ancient Egyptians had many knowledge and in the field of herbs, they laid the foundation for the development of pharmacology. The ancient Egyptians also knew the antibiotic properties of certain plants, such as garlic. A very popular remedy was honey.

elements of mathematics as a science began to take shape,

which is confirmed by the materials contained in papyrus found by archaeologists.

different areas of human life.
The temple is a building intended

for worshiping the gods.
Priests are mediators between gods and people.
Cult - worship of any objects, god or gods, worship.
Embalming is a method of preventing rotting of corpses, used to preserve bodies of people after their death.
The mummy is the embalmed body of man.
The sarcophagus is a coffin where the mummy was placed and on which spells were written and depicted gods.
Pyramid is the tomb of Pharaoh.
Painting - colorful drawings on walls, ceilings, etc.
The relief is a convex image on a plane.
Sphinx is a creature with a human or animal head and a lion's body.
Hieroglyphs - a kind of writing, which was used in ancient Egypt.
Papyrus is the material for writing.
Scroll - a sheet of papyrus, rolled into a tube.

planets, comets, etc.
The Egyptians watched the stars and planets
Astronomical knowledge

was used to design pyramids and temples.
Already in the III millennium BC. The Egyptians created their own solar calendar.