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elementary Particles
Содержание
- 1. elementary Particles
- 2. 1897. - Dzh.Tomson discovered the electron1919 - E.Rutherford opened proton1932 - J. Chadwick opens neutron
- 3. Starting from 1932. Opened more than 400
- 4. The quantities characterizing the elementary particlesweight electric charge lifetime Spin (angular momentum of its own)
- 5. Elementary particles are divided into:Fermions - particles
- 6. Fermions obey the Pauli principleIn the same
- 7. In 1931, English physicist P.Dirac theoretically predicted the existence of the positron - electron antiparticles.
- 8. In 1932, the positron was discovered experimentally
- 9. Annihilation - the interaction of elementary particle
- 10. In 1963, American theoretical physicist J. Zweig
- 11. U up quark d down
- 12. characteristics of quarks
- 13. Baryons consist of three quarks: p =
- 14. Each type quarks can have three color
- 15. Fundamental particles are leptons and quarks. All
- 16. Скачать презентанцию
1897. - Dzh.Tomson discovered the electron1919 - E.Rutherford opened proton1932 - J. Chadwick opens neutron
Слайды и текст этой презентации
Слайд 21897. - Dzh.Tomson discovered the electron
1919 - E.Rutherford opened proton
1932
- J. Chadwick opens neutron
Слайд 3Starting from 1932. Opened more than 400 elementary particles
Elementary particle
- is the micro-object, which can not be split into
its component parts, and which interacts with other micro-objects as a whole.
Слайд 4The quantities characterizing the elementary particles
weight
electric charge
lifetime
Spin
(angular momentum of its own)
Слайд 5Elementary particles are divided into:
Fermions - particles with half-integer spin
(1/2 h, 3/2 h ....)
For example, an electron, proton,
neutronBosons - particles with integer spin (0, h, 2 h ....)
For example: the photon, pion
Слайд 6Fermions obey the Pauli principle
In the same energy state can
be located not more than two fermions with opposite spins.
Wolfgang
Pauli Austrian physicist
Слайд 7 In 1931, English physicist P.Dirac theoretically predicted the existence of
the positron - electron antiparticles.
Слайд 8 In 1932, the positron was discovered experimentally by the American
physicist Carl Anderson.
In 1947. antipion was discovered.
In 1955 -
the antiproton, and in 1956 antineu.
Слайд 9 Annihilation - the interaction of elementary particle with its antiparticle,
in which they are converted into photons or other particles.
The
reverse process of annihilation:
Слайд 10In 1963, American theoretical physicist J. Zweig and M. Gell-Mann
hypothesized that hadrons consist of quarks.
In 1969, the experimental confirmation
of the quark structure of hadrons came from Stanford.
Слайд 13Baryons consist of three quarks:
p = (u; u; d),
n = (u; d; d)
Mesons consist of a quark and
an antiquark: P + = (u; d)
Quark structure of hadrons
Слайд 14 Each type quarks can have three color charge: red, blue
and green. All hadrons not color.
Since there are 6
and 6 antiquarks quark, each of which may have three colors, then the total number of quark is 36.
Слайд 15 Fundamental particles are leptons and quarks. All fundamental particles -
fermions.
Thus, the universe around us is composed of 48
fundamental particles. 
