for Business Ethics
and Global Governance
Ethics and Innovation in Industry
4.0Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
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Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Содержание
- 1. Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
- 2. OverviewThe Concept of Industry 4.0Innovation 4.0Ethics in
- 3. Chapter 1The Concept of Industry 4.0Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
- 4. German Conceptorigin: high-tech strategy of the German
- 5. The Concept of Industry 4.0Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
- 6. 3D printers will be one of the
- 7. Key components areembedded systems and (partly) autonomous
- 8. The Concept of Industry 4.0Internet of Things
- 9. Chances areadaptability and versatilityResource efficiencyImprovement of ergonomicsChallenges
- 10. Chapter 2Innovation 4.0 Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
- 11. In our age, we are witnessing a new era
- 12. Big data is a term for data
- 13. Techniques for analyzing data, such as A/B
- 14. The Internet of Things is the inter-networking
- 15. A smart grid is an electrical grid
- 16. Telehealth is a collection of means or
- 17. Telemedicine is a specific kind of telehealth
- 18. In the last decade, we have witnessed
- 19. Mobility is becoming increasingly shaped by the
- 20. Already in 2008, driverless and fully automated trains
- 21. Chapter 3Ethics in Innovation 4.0Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
- 22. Historical perception in innovation (1/2)The fear of
- 23. Fears about technological advance did also affect
- 24. Benefits of Innovation 4.0 (1/2) Telemedicine:Major problem: Rural depopulation and
- 25. Benefits of Innovation 4.0 (2/2) Internet of Things:Optimization of all physical
- 26. Autonomous Driving (1/3)Autonomous driving offers an ethical
- 27. Autonomous Driving (2/3)Dilemma situations and Moral self-determinationExample:"The
- 28. Autonomous Driving (3/3)Ethics Committee on Automated and
- 29. According to Luciano Floridi (University of Oxford), the
- 30. Risks of Innovation 4.0 (1/2)Tendency of insufficient scrutiny
- 31. Risks of Innovation 4.0 (2/2)Privacy and danger
- 32. Order ethics (1/2)Technical progress is not a
- 33. In his 1942 short story “Runaround”, Isaac
- 34. "Act in such a way that you
- 35. Chapter 4Governance 4.0 Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
- 36. Public administration and regulation are experiencing new
- 37. Governance 4.0 is characterized by:InternationalizationSupranationalizationDecentralizationPseudonymity and anonymityNeutrality
- 38. A blockchain is a data structure that
- 39. Once a block of data is recorded
- 40. There are different blockchain configurations that use
- 41. Blockchains can be applied in different ways:Digital
- 42. US-American start-up SmartContract offers self-verifying and self-executing
- 43. Founded in 2014 in an attempt to
- 44. In Bitnation’s blockchain powered jurisdiction, contracts are
- 45. Democratic legitimation and hence trust and acceptance
- 46. InequalityAccess to and benefits from spearhead internet
- 47. Chapter 5Shared Value 4.0 for Companies Prof.
- 48. Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and
- 49. Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and
- 50. Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and
- 51. Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics
- 52. Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and
- 53. What Does This Mean for Digital Markets?Prof.
- 54. Digitization is a prerequisite to participate at
- 55. Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and
- 56. Providing digital infrastructure for rural population (mobile
- 57. Chapter 6Education 4.0Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
- 58. Digitization increases differentiation: higher flexibility benefits part-time
- 59. Time in class can be used more
- 60. Education 4.0: Push and Pull FactorsDigitization of
- 61. Digitization of education allows for universal accessMassive
- 62. Absence of study fees is not inherent
- 63. Knowledge based economy Rising levels of education around the globe Life-long learningFlexible
- 64. Recognition of MMOC credits from various education providers
- 65. Geographical distance and proximity between the university and
- 66. New concepts for faculties and departmentsShift towards
- 67. Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and
- 68. Скачать презентанцию
OverviewThe Concept of Industry 4.0Innovation 4.0Ethics in Innovation 4.0Governance 4.0Shared Value 4.0 for CompaniesEducation 4.0Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайды и текст этой презентации
Слайд 1Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge
Technical University of Munich
Peter Löscher Endowed Chair
for Business Ethics
4.0
Слайд 2Overview
The Concept of Industry 4.0
Innovation 4.0
Ethics in Innovation 4.0
Governance 4.0
Shared
Value 4.0 for Companies
Education 4.0
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics
and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 3Chapter 1
The Concept of Industry 4.0
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge |
Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 4German Concept
origin: high-tech strategy of the German government
related concepts: The
Fourth Industrial Revolution, The 4th Revolution
“Industry 4.0“ is a marketing
term that is also used in science communicationThe fourth industrial revolution that the term refers to is characterized by
individual customization (even in mass production)
hybridization of products (goods and services)
integration of customers and business partners in business processes and value creation processes
The Concept of Industry 4.0
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 63D printers will be one of the main drivers of
individualisation
A specific industry will design the mechanical and electronic “inner
lives“ of the products which users will then be able to print out in the desired shape and desired combination of modules.The Concept of Industry 4.0
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 7Key components are
embedded systems and (partly) autonomous machines that act
in their environments without human intervention
connected technologies and devices that
are equipped with microchips result in highly complex structures and cyber-physical systems (CPS) like the Internet of ThingsMain fields of application are
Mobility (smart factory, driverless cars)
Health (electronic medical record, health service robots)
Climate and energy (smart grid)
The Concept of Industry 4.0
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 8The Concept of Industry 4.0
Internet of Things / Internet of
Services
Smart
Mobility
Smart
Products
Smart
Grids
Smart Buildings
Smart
Logistics
Smart Factory
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge
| Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 9Chances are
adaptability and versatility
Resource efficiency
Improvement of ergonomics
Challenges are
decision errors by
machines that may follow inappropriate rules or that misinterpret processes
or situations (subject to Machine Ethics)manipulation by hackers or use of faulty data; transparent citizens or patients (subject to Information Ethics)
substitution of human labor by machine labor (subject to Labor Ethics)
The Concept of Industry 4.0
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 11In our age, we are witnessing a new era of artificial intelligence driven by communication
technology, semantic technologies and embedded systems
These innovations will address and probably solve some of
the challenges we will face in the 21th century such as resource and energy sufficiency, urban production and an ageing societyInnovation 4.0
Source: www.linkedin.com
Source: www.spectrum.ieee.org
Source: www.tesla.com
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 12Big data is a term for data sets that are
so large or complex that traditional data processing application software
is inadequate to deal with themProf. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Big Data
Source: www.bigdatablog.de
Source: www.simplilearn.de
Слайд 13
Techniques for analyzing data, such as A/B testing
Machine learning
Natural language
processing
Business intelligence
Cloud computing and databases
Visualization, such as charts, graphs and other
displays of the dataProf. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Components of Big Data
Слайд 14The Internet of Things is the inter-networking of physical devices,
facilities, and other items embedded with electronics which enable these
objects to collect and exchange dataIn the sense of IoT, things can refer to a wide range of devices such as monitoring implants (RFID chips)
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Internet of Things
Source: twitter.com
Source: blog.cammy.com
Слайд 15A smart grid is an electrical grid including smart meters,
smart appliances, renewable energy resources, and energy efficient resources.
It allows
two-way communication between the utility and its customers, and the sensing along the transmission lines. Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Smart Grids
Source: offshorewind.biz
Source: euronomikon.com
Слайд 16
Telehealth is a collection of means or methods for enhancing
health care, public health, and health education delivery and support
using telecommunications technologies (California Telehealth Resource Center)An example might be a health app that alerts the public of a disease outbreak
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Telehealth
Source: www.mintortynurse.de
Слайд 17
Telemedicine is a specific kind of telehealth that involves a
clinician providing some kind of medical service
This includes mobile apps
that let physicians treat their patients remotely via video-chat or a software solution that lets primary care providers send patient photos of a rash or mole to a dermatologist at another location for quick diagnosis
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Telemedicine
Слайд 18In the last decade, we have witnessed the emergence of
new types of robots: Reconfigurable robots, Bionic Robots, Swarm Robots and Humanoid
Robots.Autonomous robots are able to act on their own.
At the same time the use of military robots is spreading.
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Robotics
Source: wikimedia.com
Source: wikimedia.com
Source: thesun.co.uk
Слайд 19Mobility is becoming increasingly shaped by the digital revolution
As the
„perception“ of the vehicle‘s surroundings becomes increasingly perfected, there is likely
to be an ever better differentiation of road users, obstacles and hazardous situations (BMW Vision Next 100, Google Car)Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Autonomous Driving (1/2)
Source: www.wired.com
Source: www.electrek.com
Слайд 20Already in 2008, driverless and fully automated trains have been introduced
in Nuremberg
Starting October 2016, all Tesla cars are built with
the necessary hardware to allow full self-driving capability at a safety levelProf. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Autonomous Driving (2/2)
Source: www.streetsblog.org
Source: www.businessinsider.de
Слайд 21Chapter 3
Ethics in Innovation 4.0
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics
and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 22Historical perception in innovation (1/2)
The fear of losing control due
to scientific progress is a common theme in literature and arts. A prominent example
is the poem "The Sorcerer's Apprentice" (Der Zauberlehrling, Goethe, 1797).The story begins when an old sorcerer departs his workshop and leaves his apprentice alone. Tired of fetching water, the apprentice enchants a broom to do the work for him. The floor is soon awash with water, and the apprentice realizes that he cannot stop the broom.
Source: wikimedia.com
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rrm8usaH0sM
Слайд 23Fears about technological advance did also affect socio-political movements. A
well-known example are the Luddites, a group of English textile
workers in the 19th century who destroyed weaving machinery as a form of protest, fearing that the time spent learning the skills of their craft would be wasted, as machines would replace their role in the industry.Historical perception in innovation (2/2)
Source: wikimedia.com
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 24Benefits of Innovation 4.0 (1/2)
Telemedicine:
Major problem: Rural depopulation and hence rural services
Uneven
distribution of physicians
Telemedicine as solutions to reach patients in remote
areasCare-robots:
Major problem: Ageing society
Shortage on qualified healthcare personnel in the near future
Solution: Robots specifically designed for elder care
Smart grids:
Major problem: Globally increasing energy demand
Solution: Positive effect of smart grids on the feasibility of renewable power
Broad-scale electric vehicle charging
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 25Benefits of Innovation 4.0 (2/2)
Internet of Things:
Optimization of all physical environments for comfort
and productivity
Reduction of expenses and improvement of efficiency
Improved decision making
Big Data:
Major
problem: Poor collection and interpretation of dataImproved decisions based on more and better information
The city of Oslo (Norway) reduced street lighting energy consumption by 62% using big data
Autonomous cars:
Major current problem: High fatality rates in car accidents
Car accidents are caused by human error by ca. 90%
Autonomous cars as solution to decrease car accidents
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 26Autonomous Driving (1/3)
Autonomous driving offers an ethical improvement of the
actual situation
Long-term reduction of the likelihood of an accident
More convenience
Less
physical and mental stress Significant time gain
Inclusion and integration into society due to new mobility paths
The introduction of more highly automated driving systems, especially with the option of automated collision prevention, may be socially and ethically mandated if it can unlock existing potential for damage limitation. (German Ethics Code for Automated and Connected Driving, 2017)
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 27Autonomous Driving (2/3)
Dilemma situations and Moral self-determination
Example:
"The driver of a
car is driving along a road on a hillside. The
highly automated car detects several children playing on the road. The driver of a manual vehicle would now have the choice of taking his own life by driving over the cliff or risking the death of the children by heading towards the children playing in the road environment. In the case of a highly automated car, the programmer or the self-learning machine would have to decide what should be done in this situation."Source: extremetech.com
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 28Autonomous Driving (3/3)
Ethics Committee on Automated and Connected Driving of
the German Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure:
Worldwide First
Ethics Code for Self-Driving Cars, presented in Berlin in 2017 20 Ethical Guidelines, e.g.:
Protection of individuals takes precedence over all other considerations.
Accountability shifts from individual user to manufacturers and operators of systems
General programming justifiable to reduce the overall number of personal injuries
Source: bmvi.de
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 29
According to Luciano Floridi (University of Oxford), the whole informational environment
is constituted by informational entities, their properties, interactions, processes and mutual
relations.Online and Offline merge into Onlife
Problems such as breaches of privacy, violence, harassment, hate speech remain unresolved
Therefore, it is necessary to focus on proactive regulations.
Big Data and the Infosphere
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Source: fivebooks.com
Слайд 30Risks of Innovation 4.0 (1/2)
Tendency of insufficient scrutiny and dependence on
the accuracy of technical systems
Telemedicine
Autonomous driving
Loss of once autonomous decisions
Danger of technical mistakes
Increased vulnerability of cyber
attacks and cyber warsInequality and concentration of information and digital literacy
Age gap
Development gap
State vs. Citizens
State vs. Multinationals
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 31Risks of Innovation 4.0 (2/2)
Privacy and danger of data misuse
Labor
rights
Customer rights
Challenge of different privacy cultures
Changing requirements on the quality
of the human workforce will be affected by the growing autonomy of machines and robotsEducation in digital literacy
Higher demand for digital qualified workforce
Less demand for repetitive work
Source: mckinsey.com
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 32Order ethics (1/2)
Technical progress is not a zero-sum game
We cannot simply
condemn technological progress, as it offers several improvements and solutions
Cost savings
Energy
efficiencyAging society
Rural depopulation
Reduction of fatalities and accidents
Improvement of education
We need a focus on rules including sector-specific regulations
Rules and laws have to be based on incentives in order to be effective and to solve dilemma structures
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 33In his 1942 short story “Runaround”, Isaac Asimov developed the first
kind of legal framework for robots:
A robot may not injure a
human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Laws.
Robots can also be used as means for enhancing ethical principles.
"Androids must construct themselves as social beings, just as human beings have constructed themselves into people."
(MacDorman and Ishiguro 2006)
Order ethics (2/2) - Robots
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 34"Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether
in your own person or in the person of any
other, never merely as a means to an end, but always at the same time as an end." (Immanuel Kant, Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals, 1785)Technical progress should serve mankind, not the other way around.
Human dignity and technical progress
Source: wikimedia.com
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 36Public administration and regulation are experiencing new chances and challenges
as a result of the ongoing technical innovation and the
increasing complexity of societies and economies.The adaption to technical progress by public and private institutions is slow due to limited financial means and the longsome systematic procedure of political decisions.
(cf. Kälin 2017, Governance 4.0)
Governance 4.0
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 37Governance 4.0 is characterized by:
Internationalization
Supranationalization
Decentralization
Pseudonymity and anonymity
Neutrality and privacy
Transparency
Auditability
Decreasing transaction
costs
Governance 4.0 – Characterization
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and
Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 38A blockchain is a data structure that makes it possible
to create a digital ledger of transactions and share it
among a distributed network of participating computersIt uses cryptography to allow each participant on the network to manipulate the ledger in a secure way without the need for a central authority
Instead, a protocol defines the rules of how the ledger can be altered
Governance 4.0 – Blockchain (1)
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 39Once a block of data is recorded on the block-chain
ledger, it is extremely difficult to change or remove
When someone
wants to add to it, participants in the network – all of which have copies of the existing blockchain – run algorithms to evaluate and verify the proposed transactionIf a majority of nodes agree that the transaction looks valid – that is, identifying information matches the blockchain’s history – then the new transaction will be approved and a new block added to the chain
Governance 4.0 – Blockchain (2)
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 40There are different blockchain configurations that use different consensus mechanisms,
depending on the purpose of the network
The bitcoin blockchain,
e.g., is public and “permissionless”: anyone can participate and contribute to the ledgerMany firms also are exploring private or “permissioned” blockchains: networks made up only of known participants
Key element of any blockchain setup, however, is that the entire network is responsible for validating each transaction
Governance 4.0 – Blockchain (3)
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 41Blockchains can be applied in different ways:
Digital signatures: Verify the
origin and authenticity of messages (or generally pos-session of a
private keys) and allow version controls of documents and contractsSigned blocks of transactions: Preserve the sequences of transactions, allow access control and create continually updated audit trails
Distributed, shared ledgers: Establish a single version of transaction truth without third parties and make ledgers accessible for autonomous agents and processes ( smart contracts)
Governance 4.0 – Blockchain (4)
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 42US-American start-up SmartContract offers self-verifying and self-executing smart contracts using
the Bitcoin and Ethereum blockchains
Standardized smart contracts can easily be
created onlineWhen doing so, SmartContract accesses external data feeds, uses financial networks and connects to existing IT infrastructure to trigger smart contract events
Governance 4.0 - Smartcontract
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 43Founded in 2014 in an attempt to provide governance services
with no geographical bounds, Bitcoin calls itself a Decentralized Borderless
Voluntary Nation (DBVN)Any individual from around the world can become a “citizen” of Bitnation by signing on to its constitution
Once registered and issued a digital ID, citizens of Bitnation are provided with services like dispute resolutions, security and insurance
Governance 4.0 – Bitnation (1)
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 44In Bitnation’s blockchain powered jurisdiction, contracts are linked to “cryptoequity”
and automatically enforced
In 2015, Estonia started a cooperation with
Bitnation on allowing anyone from the world to digitally notarize documents
on the blockchainGovernance 4.0 – Bitnation (2)
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 45Democratic legitimation and hence trust and acceptance of new systems
Security
problems
Up-to-date equipment and know-how is required to protect users’ private
bitcoin addresses from theftUnless encrypted, bitcoins can be stolen through malware
Even prominent bitcoin exchanges have struggled with security, and in the case of Mt. Gox, it is still not clear whether its loss of bitcoin was due to internal problems or hacker attacks
Privacy issues
Governance 4.0 – Challenges (1)
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 46Inequality
Access to and benefits from spearhead internet technology as of
today remains very unequally distributed
Elderly people might be left behind
as they tend to adapt slower to technical innovationCriminality
e.g. money laundering, bypassing
of rules
Governance 4.0 – Challenges (2)
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 47Chapter 5
Shared Value 4.0 for Companies
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge
| Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 48Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry
4.0
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a Traditional Concept
Слайд 49Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry
4.0
CSR – Ethical or Instrumental
CSR as an obligation beyond making
profitResponsibilities if necessary against economic interests
Ethical CSR
„The responsibility of business is making profit“ (M. Friedman 1979)
CSR as a Business Case
Instrumental CSR
Слайд 50Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry
4.0
A New Approach: Doing Good by Doing Well
Creating Shared Value
(CSV)The concept of shared value can be defined as policies and operating practices that enhance the competitiveness of a company while simultaneously advancing the economic and social conditions in the community in which it operates.
‒ Porter & Kramer 2011 ‒
Слайд 51
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in
Industry 4.0
Implementing CSV
The Three Levels of CSV
Enable Local Cluster Development
Active
supply chain to enable growth and productivityRecreate Products and markets
Grow revenue through new or improved products and services to address social issues
Redefine Productivity in the Value Chain
Improve resource efficiency and reduce cost of operations and its impacts
Слайд 52Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry
4.0
CSV – An Example
“WaterHealth International offers an immediately deployable strategy
for processing healthy drinking water in underserved communities. WaterHealth Centers deliver a scalable and sustainable solution to purify any source of water to WHO - quality drinking water standards.”Profit oriented enterprise operating within market conditions
Goal: Providing 5 Million people in developing countries with drinking water
Jobs at the „Water Centers“ are created on-site
Sources of financing: customers, private contributions, institutional investors, venture capital
Слайд 53
What Does This Mean for Digital Markets?
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge
| Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 54Digitization is a prerequisite to participate at the global market
Especially
in countries with weak traditional infrastructure digitization can enable market
transactionsDigital infrastructure can open-up new markets
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
CSV and Digital Technologies
Слайд 55Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry
4.0
CSV and the Digital Market – An Example
Mobile phone-based money
transfer service Launched in 2007 by Vodafone in Kenia
Users can deposit, withdraw, transfer money and pay for goods and services
7 million M-Pesa accounts in Tanzania (June 2016)
Add-on M-Shwari: saving deposit, term deposit and credit function
Also available in Afghanistan, South Africa, Fiji, Congo, India and others
Слайд 56Providing digital infrastructure for rural population (mobile communication, internet)
Digital technologies
as a substitute for deficient institutions in developing countries
Payment
services via mobile device Online health education
Digital e-Learning
Bringing together entrepreneurs and investors decentrally
Mobile applications to improve farming (weather, soil quality)
With the help of 3D Printers missing items for production can be quickly provided in remote regions
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
CSV and the Digital Market – Further Fields
Слайд 58Digitization increases differentiation: higher flexibility benefits part-time students and those
who aim to better integrate their stay abroad
Teaching can become
more individualized and thus more motivatingA permanent feedback between lecturer and students is possible even for large groups of students
Universities can distinguish themselves through excellent teaching across borders
Unlimited transparency increases incentives to improve teaching
Education 4.0: Chances (1/2)
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 59Time in class can be used more efficiently: Learning content
is acquired location-independent and at own speed – presence time
is used more effectively, e.g., to discuss contentsEducation 4.0: Chances (2/2)
Conventional Teaching
Inverted Classroom
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 60Education 4.0: Push and Pull Factors
Digitization of university education
Prof. Dr.
Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 61Digitization of education allows for universal access
Massive open online courses
(MOOCs) have received a significant amount of attention
Design and scale
of university MOOCs create tension for privacy laws intended to regulate information practices exercised by educational institutionsAre MOOCs part of the educational institutions these laws and policies aim to regulate?
Are MOOC users students whose data are protected by aforementioned laws and policies?
Education 4.0: Privacy Issues
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 62Absence of study fees is not inherent to MOOCs
Developing courses
requires high investment of resources
Venture capitalists will have an interest
in return on investMany business models are possible, e.g.,
Capitalisation of generated data (information on student performances can be used by universities and employers)
Fees for content providers (MOOCs become gatekeepers for digital educational opportunities)
Product Placement and sales commissions
Charged certificates
Education 4.0: Market potential
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Слайд 63Knowledge based economy
Rising levels of education around the globe
Life-long learning
Flexible working practices
Collaborative methods of
innovation
Active Sourcing 4.0
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation
in Industry 4.0Education 4.0 and Society 4.0
Слайд 64Recognition of MMOC credits from various education providers feasible?
Possible disruption of
the "traditional" business model of universities
"Regional" universities may become outdated
New competencies of
teaching staff necessaryChallenge in the combination of distant and non-distant components
Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Education 4.0: Challenges
Слайд 65Geographical distance and proximity between the university and its students are
likely to change
Impact on education in developing countries
Change of business models
Shift to more cooperative
structures enhancing interdisciplinarityProf. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Education 4.0: Perspectives (1/2)
http://www.opencolleges.edu.au
Слайд 66New concepts for faculties and departments
Shift towards new learning infrastructures e.g. increased
computing capacities
New teaching infrastructures (equipment for virtual worlds)
Digital rights management will become
more importantProf. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry 4.0
Education 4.0: Perspectives (2/2)
Слайд 67Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge | Ethics and Innovation in Industry
4.0
Thank you very much for your attention!
