General Approach To Drug Administration

Содержание

1. General Approach To Drug Administration
2. Drug AdministrationAbsorbtionPlasma waterMetabolismExcretionSite of ActionTissueOralIntramuscularSubcutanousIntravenous
3. PharmacokineticsRelationship between the dose of a drug
4. drug absorption, passage of drug from site
5. drug metabolism, breakdown of drug to an
6. Oral, drug is delivered by mouth and
7. Systemic effects mean that the delivered drugs
8. Parenteral Injection SitessubcutanouslyintramuscularlyintravenouslyUsed for drugs poorly absorbed
9. Subcutaneous Route Can be painful, irritant
10. Subcutaneous Injection SitesAbdominal wallThighDeltoid area
11. Intramuscular (IM) rapid absorption of aqueous drugs,
12. Intramuscular Injection Sites Deltoid Muscle
13. Intramuscular Injection Sites Vastus Lateralis
14. Intramuscular Injection Sites Gluteus Maximus
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Drug AdministrationAbsorbtionPlasma waterMetabolismExcretionSite of ActionTissueOralIntramuscularSubcutanousIntravenous

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General Approach To Drug Administration

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Слайд 1General Approach To Drug Administration

Слайд 2Drug Administration
Absorbtion
Plasma water
Metabolism
Excretion
Site of Action
Tissue
Oral
Intramuscular
Subcutanous
Intravenous

Drug AdministrationAbsorbtionPlasma waterMetabolismExcretionSite of ActionTissueOralIntramuscularSubcutanousIntravenous

Слайд 3Pharmacokinetics

Relationship between the dose of a drug & the subsequent

concentration of the drug in body fluids & tissues over

time

PharmacokineticsRelationship between the dose of a drug & the subsequent concentration of the drug in body fluids

Слайд 4drug absorption, passage of drug from site of administration to

circulation
drug distribution, to where does the drug finally pass and

become therapeutic

drug absorption, passage of drug from site of administration to circulationdrug distribution, to where does the drug

Слайд 5drug metabolism, breakdown of drug to an inactive form usually

within the liver
drug elimination, final excretion either in urine, feces,

or even exhalation

drug metabolism, breakdown of drug to an inactive form usually within the liverdrug elimination, final excretion either

Слайд 6Oral, drug is delivered by mouth and absorbed in the

gastrointestinal (GI) tract
Parenteral, delivery with a needle and syringe
Inhalation, administration

through the respiratory tract
Nasal, absorption of drug by olfactory epithelia
Rectal, absorption through colon epithelium

Routes of Administration

Oral, drug is delivered by mouth and absorbed in the gastrointestinal (GI) tractParenteral, delivery with a needle

Слайд 7Systemic effects mean that the delivered drugs circulate through the

entire body
Example: Orally delivered pain reliever for a sore toe
Local

effects are restricted to region of delivery
Example: nasal spray for stuffy nose

Systemic vs. Local Effects

Systemic effects mean that the delivered drugs circulate through the entire bodyExample: Orally delivered pain reliever for

Слайд 8Parenteral Injection Sites
subcutanously
intramuscularly
intravenously
Used for drugs poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal

(GI) tract or those that are unstable in the GI.
Also

used in unconscious patients or when rapid onset of action is required

Parenteral Injection SitessubcutanouslyintramuscularlyintravenouslyUsed for drugs poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or those that are unstable

Слайд 9Subcutaneous Route

Can be painful, irritant drugs can cause

local
tissue damage;
Maximum of 5

ml injection thus often small
doses limit use;
Absorption depending on blood flow;
Constant & slow absorption;
Prolonged effect.

(Ex.of drugs: Insulin, Heparin,
Liposoluble vitamins)

Subcutaneous Route Can be painful, irritant drugs can cause local tissue damage; Maximum

Слайд 10Subcutaneous Injection Sites
Abdominal wall
Thigh
Deltoid area

Слайд 11Intramuscular (IM) rapid absorption of aqueous drugs, larger volume, than

SC, can be given
The site of injection will

influence the absorption.
Absorption depending on blood flow
Rapid onset & shorter duration
Use at least a one inch needle to assure that the
drug is placed deep in the muscle for absorption.
This route allows for the second fastest rate of
absorption

(Ex.of drugs: Antibiotics, Spasmolytics,
Vasopressors)

Intramascular Route