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subordinate clause of condition that usually begins with the conjunction

IF. The clause of condition (the if-clause) indicates the conditions under which the action in the main clause may be realized. For the purposes of studying, conditional sentences are usually divided into three main types: 1. structures with real condition (first type of conditional sentences, or first conditional); 2. structures with unreal condition referring to the present or future (second type of conditional sentences, or second conditional); 3. structures with unreal condition referring to the past (third type of conditional sentences, or third conditional).

fact / factual conditions under which the action in the

main clause can be realized. The tenses of the indicative mood are used. In most cases, conditions in the future are expressed, but other situations and tenses are also possible. Note that the future tense with the verb WILL is not allowed after IF in clauses of condition. The future idea is usually expressed by the Simple Present in the if-clause of condition.

which the use of WILL or WOULD after IF is

allowed in clauses of condition. WILL can be used after IF to make a polite request to do something. WOULD can be used after IF to express a very polite request to do something, especially in formal style. Though such constructions are in the form of conditional sentences, there is actually no condition in them, and the verb WILL (or WOULD) after IF in such constructions expresses volition to do something, i.e., if you will / if you would = if you wish, if you want.

the past tense, usually by the verbs WOULD, SHOULD, COULD,

and MIGHT. There are various types of supposition, for example, hypothesis, assumption, possibility, probability. Also, suggestions, offers, and polite requests are often made in suppositional form. Conditional sentences with unreal condition in the subordinate clause of condition (if-clause) express hypothetical, unlikely, improbable, unreal, contrary to fact conditions under which the action in the main clause might be realized or might have been realized. The forms in the subjunctive mood are used. The Past Subjunctive is used in the subordinate clause to express unreal condition in the present or future. The Past Perfect Subjunctive is used in the subordinate clause to express unreal condition in the past.