Слайд 1Lecture 2
HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
Слайд 25. English Oversees Colonies.
Слайд 41492 Christopher Columbus discovered America.
1496 King Henry VII of
England sent British ships to the new lands.
They reached the
coast of Newfoundland.
Слайд 5The 1580s the 1st English settlements in America
In
the 18th century the British colonies occupied the territories along
the Atlantic coast and around Hudson Bay.
Слайд 6during the 1760s and early 1770s relations between the Thirteen
Colonies and Britain became increasingly complicated,
the British Parliament tried
to govern and tax American colonists without their agreement (they were not represented in the British Parliament).
Слайд 7Boston Tea Party
December 16, 1773 the Americans revolted against
tea tax and through all chests of tea from ships
into Boston Harbor.
Слайд 8The American Revolution
In response Britain sent the army to control
the colonies and in 1775 the War for Independence started.
In 1776, the United States declared independence.
Слайд 10 1606 the western coast of Australia were 1st
discovered by the Dutch and named New Holland
1770
James Cook discovered the eastern coast of Australia, claimed the continent for Britain.
He named it New South Wales.
Слайд 11Up to 1840 the British sent their criminals to New
South Wales to reform them.
In 1839 colonies in New Zealand
were established
Слайд 13In 1858 Queen Victoria was crowned the Empress of India.
"the Jewel in the Crown"
Слайд 141815 - 1914 around 26,000,000 km2 of territory and roughly 400
million people were added to the British Empire
Слайд 17Between 1945 and 1965 most of the former British colonies
were given independence.
Слайд 18The number of people under British rule outside the UK
itself fell from
700 million to 5 million,
3 million
of whom were in Hong Kong.
Слайд 19A map of the world, highlighting the member states of the Commonwealth
(dark blue)
the Commonwealth of Nations
a non-political, voluntary association of 53 equal
member
Слайд 21 the Head of the Commonwealth
the monarch of 16 members of the
Commonwealth (realms)
Australia, Canada, Jamaica, New Zealand, etc.
Queen Elizabeth
II
Слайд 22The Commonwealth realms, shown in blue.
Former Commonwealth realms are
shown in red
Слайд 23 The Commonwealth
29,958,050 square km (a quarter of the
world land area),
spans all the continents.
population of 2.245 billion,
(a third of the world population).