Разделы презентаций
- Разное
- Английский язык
- Астрономия
- Алгебра
- Биология
- География
- Геометрия
- Детские презентации
- Информатика
- История
- Литература
- Математика
- Медицина
- Менеджмент
- Музыка
- МХК
- Немецкий язык
- ОБЖ
- Обществознание
- Окружающий мир
- Педагогика
- Русский язык
- Технология
- Физика
- Философия
- Химия
- Шаблоны, картинки для презентаций
- Экология
- Экономика
- Юриспруденция
Leishmaniasis
Содержание
- 1. Leishmaniasis
- 2. Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis.Transmitted among mammalian hosts by female sand flies.
- 3. Leishmaniasis Leishmania donovani (complex) (VL)Leishmania tropica (CL)Leishmania
- 4. Three important Species Leishmania donovani (VL
- 5. Geographical distribution of leishmaniasis
- 6. Слайд 6
- 7. Слайд 7
- 8. Life Cycle of leishmaniasis Promastigote
- 9. Promastigote stageflagellaPromastigote stage inside the Sandfly Sand fly : Vectors Intermediate host, transmitted disease
- 10. Promastigotes in rosettes in a culture of an orient sore on N.N.N. medium (Giemsa stain).
- 11. Ovoid small intracellular parasites in a bone
- 12. Life cycle
- 13. Слайд 13
- 14. Bite of sand flyBite of sand flyLeishmania
- 15. Transmission of Leishmaniasis _ by sand flies._
- 16. Cutaneous LeishmaniasisCutaneous forms of the disease normally
- 17. A cutaneous leishmaniasis lesion on the arm.
- 18. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
- 19. The Baghdad boilBaghdad-boil, 2004Several hundred US soldiers in Iraq.
- 20. Leishmania tropicaCauses ulceration of the skin called
- 21. Mucocutaneous LeishmaniasisMucocutaneous leishmaniasis (Espundia)Leishmania braziliensis & L . maxicana
- 22. mucocutaneous forms of leishmaniasis , lesions
- 23. Visceral LeishmaniasisVisceral disease (Kala-azar)
- 24. Visceral disease (Kala-azar)Most severe form of disease,
- 25. Post Kala Azar Dermal LeishmanoidNormally develops
- 26. Hepatosplenomegaly Post Kala Azar Dermal Leishmanoid
- 27. Dogs can act as reservoirs of Leishmania parasites. They also exhibit symptoms of infection.
- 28. DiagnosisDiagnosing Leishmaniasis can be difficult Sometimes the
- 29. Diagnosis1. Clinical Diagnosis: signs & symptoms2. Laboratory Diagnosis :Patient history (travel, vectors)
- 30. Cutaneous leishmaniasis :Tissue sample (scraping, aspirate or
- 31. Animal inoculation Inoculate serum of infected person in lab. animals.
- 32. Cutaneous and mucocutaneous treatment Antimony components :
- 33. Visceral leishmaniasis treatment Pentostam or Glucantime
- 34. Visceral leishmaniasis treatment (con.)Miltefosine (Impavido) (2.5 mg/kg
- 35. Слайд 35
- 36. Leishmaniasis controlVector controlinsecticides insecticide impregnated bed nets
- 37. Скачать презентанцию
Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis.Transmitted among mammalian hosts by female sand flies.
Слайды и текст этой презентации
Слайд 2Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis.
Transmitted among mammalian hosts by female
sand flies.
Слайд 3Leishmaniasis
Leishmania donovani (complex) (VL)
Leishmania tropica (CL)
Leishmania major (CL)
Leishmania aethiopica
(CL)
Leishmania mexicana (Complex) (CL)
Leishmania brazilliensis (complex) (MCL)
Species Pathogenic in Humans
Слайд 4Three important Species
Leishmania donovani (VL )
VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS
: involving endothelial tissue liver, spleen, and bone marrow.
Leishmania tropica
(CL)OLD WORLD CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS : involving epithelial cells the skin at the site of a sand fly bite.
Leishmania brazilliensis (MCL)
NEW WORLD MUCO CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS : involving mucous membranes of the mouth and nose after spread from a nearby cutaneous lesion.
Слайд 9Promastigote stage
flagella
Promastigote stage inside the Sandfly
Sand fly : Vectors
Intermediate host, transmitted disease
Слайд 11Ovoid small intracellular parasites in a bone marrow aspirate. The
typical rod shaped kinetoplast is seen besides the nucleus.(Giemsa stain).
Leishmania
sp.amastigote stage
Слайд 14Bite of sand fly
Bite of sand fly
Leishmania Morphology
Digenetic Life Cycle
Promastiogte
stage
_inside the Insect
_Motile form
_infectious stage
Amastigote stage
_Mammalian stage
_Non-motile
_Intracellular
Слайд 15Transmission of Leishmaniasis
_ by sand flies.
_ artificial transmission of
leishmania via the sharing of contaminated syringes and needles, from
one intravenous drug user to another.
Rarely, Leishmaniasis is spread from a pregnant woman to her baby (Materno-fetal transplacental transmission).
Blood transfusion or contaminated needles also can spread Leishmaniasis.
Слайд 16Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Cutaneous forms of the disease normally produce skin ulcers
on the exposed parts of the body such as the
face, arms and legs. The disease can produce a large number of lesions
Слайд 17A cutaneous leishmaniasis lesion on the arm.
The skin sores
will heal by themselves, but this can take months or
years. The sores can leave ugly scars.Some people have swollen lymph glands near the sores. For example, the glands under the arm can swell if the sores are on the arm or hand.
Слайд 20Leishmania tropica
Causes ulceration of the skin called Cutaneous Leshmaniasis
Dry or
urban C.L.
Dry sore that may persist for several months before
healing, then person is immuneSome people “vaccinate” their children against Leshmaniasis.
Rarely can cause infections of the viscera
Слайд 21Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis
Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (Espundia)
Leishmania braziliensis & L . maxicana
Слайд 22
mucocutaneous forms of leishmaniasis , lesions can lead to partial
or total destruction of the mucosa
membranes of the nose, mouth and throat cavities and surrounding tissues.Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis
Nasal stuffiness, runny nose , bleeding of nose, rectum &vagina.
Ulcer & erosion of mouth, nose, rectum, lips, gums, vaginal
Слайд 24Visceral disease (Kala-azar)
Most severe form of disease, the disease typically
starts with irregular bouts of fever, chills, and general anemia
Since
leishmaniasis is primarily a disease of the reticulo-endothelial system,replacement of infected cells produces hyperplasia and consequent enlargement of
the visceral organs associated with the system (e.g., spleen and liver) .
Hepatosplenomegaly
Слайд 25Post Kala Azar Dermal Leishmanoid
Normally develops
to skin, rare but varies geographically
Some people recover spontaneously
Some people
who were treated later develop Post-Kala- azar dermal leishmanoid
Слайд 27Dogs can act as reservoirs of Leishmania parasites.
They also
exhibit symptoms of infection.
Слайд 28Diagnosis
Diagnosing Leishmaniasis can be difficult Sometimes the Lab tests are
negative even if a person has Leishmaniasis.
Слайд 29Diagnosis
1. Clinical Diagnosis: signs & symptoms
2. Laboratory Diagnosis :
Patient history
(travel, vectors)
Слайд 30Cutaneous leishmaniasis :
Tissue sample (scraping, aspirate or punch biopsy) for
smear and culture
Visceral leishmaniasis :
Bone marrow biopsy or
splenic aspirate for smear and culture.(N.N.N) V.L.(anemia , leukopenia , glubuline/albumine is high (Hypergammaglobulinia)Serology ( ELISA ) ( IFAT ).
PCR
Skin test
Inoculate serum of infected person in lab. animals.
Laboratory Diagnosis of leishmaniasis :
Слайд 32Cutaneous and mucocutaneous treatment
Antimony components : Meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime)
and Sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) are drugs of choice.
20 mg/kg/d IV
or IM for 20dPentamidine, Paromomycin are alternative drugs for CL
Amphotricine B for antimony resistant MCL
Fluconazole may decrease healing time
Слайд 33Visceral leishmaniasis treatment
Pentostam or Glucantime 20 mg
/kg/d IV or IM for 28d
Amphotricin B: 0.5-1 mg/kg
IV daily 15-20dLiposomal Amphotricin B (Ambisome): 3 mg/kg/d IV on days 1-5, day 14 and day 21
Low toxicity and high stability, better delivery
Alternative: Pentamidine (4mg/kg three times weekly, between 5-25 weeks ), Parmomycine
Слайд 34Visceral leishmaniasis treatment (con.)
Miltefosine (Impavido) (2.5 mg/kg /d p.o. for
28 d)
It was developed for cancer therapy at first
The only
oral drugsafer and more tolerable drug (less toxicity for bone marrow and haematopoietic progenitor cells)
teratogenic
Слайд 36Leishmaniasis control
Vector control
insecticides
insecticide impregnated bed nets (IIB)
Case finding treatment
Aniaml reservoir control
Treatment or killing of seropositive dogs
Rodent killing
Decrease of
susceptibility: Childhood age, malnutrition and Immunosuppression are susceptibility factors for VL. eliminating of childhood malnutrition
try to produce an efficient vaccine
