Subject: General principles of the organization of behavior. Concept about

higher nervous activity. The congenital and acquired forms of behavior.
The

of the highest departments of a brain was shown
I.M.Setchenov (1863)

the congenital reflex
the mechanisms created in process
филогенеза, for maintenance

conditions of medium. They are individually specific, have alarm precautionary

laboratory of Nominative of Pavlov.
The conditioned reflex at animals

two stimuli: indifferent (light, sound) and unconditional (nutrition, pain).
The indifferent

condition of a cerebral cortex.
During formation of conditioned reflexes the

the saliva collecting
Call
(conditional stimulus)
Nutrition
(the unconditional
stimulus)

a) Coinciding (0,5-1 sec.);

Late (1-5 min.)
.

orders.
I order


II order


III order

of a saliva
Light + nutrition = 12 drops of a

nutrition – salivation
1000 Hz – salivation
1100

(on some stimuli one reinforcement is given)
Consecutive (on some consecutive

which have been iced over in a uniform functional complex.

in process of their development. Arise at observation over development

Exteroceptive;
2 . Proprioceptive;
3 .

2 . Sektrotornye.
3 . Motor;
4 .

based on motivations and realized in the form of unconditional

stratifications.
Realization of instincts the leading role is played by

communication lies.
This functional association of two or several centers

cortical centers of Nominative of Pavlov – irradiation, a majorant

Nominative to Pavlova

E.A.Asratyan

to P.K.Anokhin

. Exaltation irradiation.
2 . Dominant exaltation of the center.
3 .

all activity of a brain is under construction of two

of a new stimulus

2 . When giving a strong stimulus

a postorenny stimulus, i.e. doesn't demand development.
In some cases

"ULTRABOUNDARY INHIBITION".
It arises at excessive augmentation of force and

of internal inhibition consists that new environmental conditions demand change

conditional brake.

reflex with an unconditional stimulus.
Thus the conditional stimulus loses

For example, if not to support one sound, on it

is carried out by an unconditional stimulus with delay (2-3

conditional stimulus on which the reflex is developed, to add

exaltation diffusion from the central center on a surrounding zone.

Concentration

following types:
The simultaneous
The consecutive
The positive
The negative.

the course of their fading there is a gradual change

of various force causes one effect
II. Paradoxical. The size of

Pavlov about I and II alarm systems".
The doctrine of Nominative

four types of human temperament allocated still with Ancient Greek

dogs, I defined that an important role in formation like

big energy, force, mobility.
Corresponds to sanguine type according to Hippocrates.

the sufficient force of processes of exaltation and inhibition, their

of exaltation.
Corresponds to choleric type according to Hippocrates.

over excitative.
Corresponds to melancholic type according to Hippocrates.

and phenotype, i.e. on genetically put features of nervous system

alarm systems.
The first alarm system is visual, acoustical and other

person. As its signals words said, heard, read serve. By

the person in connection with existence of speech (ІІ-y alarm

and acoustical susceptibility of environment, i.e. prevalence І - oh

abstakty thinking, prevalence ІІ-oh alarm system (scientists, philosophers, mathematics).

and thinking are expressed to the same extent.

social communication
Educational tool and self-expression
Sposobstuyet to thinking
The

heard speech and the center touch speeches (the center to

motor center (Brock).
At its destruction of people loses ability to

word, but understands speech
Touch aphasia (temporal aphasia to Vernika) –

responsible for different functions, i.e. there is a mezhpolusharny asymmetry.

Analysis of incentives;
Consecutive perception;
Easily distinguishable subjects;
Familiar subjects;
Similarity establishment;
The abstract

subjects;
Unfamiliar subjects;
Distinction establishment;
Complete perception.

vosprozvedeniye.
Memory consists of 4 processes :
Storing;
Storage;
Recognition;
Reproduction.

chemical and morphological changes in nervous structures which remain some

result of learning process, is called ENGRAMMA (trace) of operating

has been saved up as a result of evolution throughout

inspiration, pleasure, fear)
Logical or verbal
The touch
visual (at artists)
acoustical (at musicians)
tactile

(ikonichesky) - is stored no more 100-150ms
Consists in formation of

behavioural and cogitative operations.
In a basis reverberation processes lie.
Remains from

transformation of short-term memory in the long-term – memory consolidation.

reproduced it is possible to define level and force of

education and the subsequent preservation of temporary communications.
The theory neural

theory of neural models). Remembered events, concepts are connected so

is influenced positively by RNA, strengthening a proteinaceous exchange and

reproduction
Amnesia – impossibility of reproduction of the past, skills.
Gipermneziya –

of a dream.
2 . Dream mechanisms.
3 . Emotions. Classification of

by considerable decrease in all functions of an organism, partial

orthodox dream of 75-85%
REM or paradoxical sleep (15-25%).

1-7 min. There is MDG
2 . Emergence of sleepy spindles

theory of the poured braking of Nominative of Pavlov.
- V.

of a metabolism in
time of the period of wakefulness.
2 .

the internal braking irradiating on bark and extending on underlying

information.
4 . The Vazomotorny theory connects
dream emergence with changes
brain

phase): - sensitivity fall to external irritants
Vegetative shifts
decrease in

phase): - processing and information adjournment in long-term memory, -

Vegetative shifts - "a vegetative storm“
Arrhythmic pulse,
Arrhythmic breath,
Increase AP,
Increase in frequency of warm reductions ,
FME – fast movements of eyeballs

connected with a phase of a paradoxical dream.

Dreams are explained

pronounced subjective coloring.
Emotions is a component of motivations.

spirits... )
- Distress - a negative stress (leads to

as рудимет expedient instinctive actions
2 . P.K.Anokhin's biological theory

reflection by a brain of size of requirement and satisfaction
Э

brain of factors of time, energy resources and organism opportunities
Э

of tension) - reflects a condition of attention, mobilization of

energy resources of an organism (horror, melancholy, decrease in intelligence,

animals to satisfaction of leading requirements.

Motivations leads to purposeful search

BEHAVIOURAL ACT

the behavioural act.
The main and specific manifestation of

an end with action. Nominative Pavlov, then P.K.Anokhin showed that

therefore the concept about a reflex ring is entered.

The

system with feedback.

Basis of physiological structure of any

The doctrine about functional system was developed by P.K.Anokhin (1935).

of P.K.Anokhin

:
afferentny synthesis;
making decision on the functioning purpose;
formation of the program

synthesis – AC

AC– processing, comparison, synthesis of received information

with a condition of an organism at present, evolved internal

as it was approved by the classical reflex theory, and

a significant role play memory mechanisms.
First of

on a cerebral cortex.
Descending influences of bark on subcrustal educations.
Reverberation

happen in various departments of CNS. However the leading role

line of conduct is developed.

After a stage of acceptance of

consists from:
Action programs
Action Acceptor (AA)
Thus on a phase

of team to action.
At the same time on коллатералям

result, on active interaction of living beings with environment factors.

arterial pressure and are compared to "copy". If they coincide,

of P.K.Anokhin