The United Nations Done by: Zhalgas Lyazzat 403 group

to solve problems that challenge humanity. These activities are carried

out jointly by more than 30 affiliated organizations of the United Nations system. Every day, the United Nations and other organizations of the system are to promote respect for human rights, protect the environment, fight disease and reduce poverty.

24, 1945, fifty-one country who were determined to preserve peace

through international cooperation and collective security. To date, members of the United Nations are the 191 country, almost all countries of the world.

pursues four aims: to maintain an international peace and safety,

to develop friendship between the nations, to carry out the international cooperation in permission of the international problems and in encouragement of respect for human rights, and also to be the center for coordination of actions of the nations in achievement of these common goals.
The charter of the UN personifies democratic ideals that finds the expression, in particular, that it approves belief in fundamental human rights, in advantage and value of the human person, in equality of men and women, fixes equality of the big and small people.

Assembly,
the Security Council,
the Economic and Social Council(ECOSOC),
the Secretariat,
the International Court of

Justice
the Trusteeship Council.

the UN are presented. The general Assembly is allocated with

a number of very important functions: power to consider the general principles of cooperation in maintenance of an international peace and safety, including the principles, defining arms, and also to discuss a wide range of problems of cooperation of the states in political, economic, social, ecological, scientific and technical and other areas and to take out recommendations about them.

members of the Council (United States, United Kingdom, Russia, France

and China), the other ten members (according to the terminology of the Charter-"permanent") were elected to the Council in accordance with the procedure provided for in the Charter.
During many years of activity of the Security Council have developed distinct methods and forms of its response and impact on events in the world.
The most commonly used technique-appeal to States, is a way of conflict resolution by the Security Council. He has repeatedly called for a cessation of hostilities, to respect the ceasefire, withdraw its troops, etc.

the authority of the General Assembly and coordinates the activities

of the United Nations system in the economic and social fields. As the central forum for discussing international economic and social issues and for formulating policy recommendations in these areas, the Council has played an important role in strengthening international cooperation for development.
The Council consists of 54 members elected by the General Assembly for three years.

the United Nations in accordance with the instructions of the

General Assembly, Security Council and other bodies. It is headed by the Secretary-General, which provides overall executive direction.

Secretariat there is a Secretary general who is appointed by

General Assembly according to the recommendation of Security council for a period of 5 years with possibility of re-election for new term.

known as the World Court, is the principal judicial organ

of the United Nations. Its 15 judges are elected by the General Assembly and the Security Council, who are to vote independently and at the same time. The International Court of Justice deals with disputes between States on the basis of voluntary participation by interested States. If the State agrees to take part in the proceedings, it shall be bound by the decision of the Court. The Court also prepares advisory opinions for the United Nations and its specialized agencies.

monitoring of 11 trust territories were administered by seven Member

States, and to ensure that their Governments should make the necessary efforts for the preparation of those Territories towards self-government or independence.

Agency
International Civil Aviation Organization
International Fund for Agricultural Development
International Labor Organization
International

Maritime Organization
International Monetary Fund
International Telecommunication Union
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
United Nations Industrial Development Organization
Universal Postal Union
World Bank Group
World Food Programme
World Health Organization
World Intellectual Property Organization
World Meteorological Organization
World Tourism Organization

language.

• French.
Working languages of the UN:

in the history of the international relations which fixed a

duty of the states to observe and respect basic rights and freedoms of the person.

The basic principles of the international cooperation are also enshrined in the Charter of the UN:
• sovereign equality of all members of the UN;
• permission of the international disputes by exclusively peaceful means;
• refusal in the international relations from threat of force or its application somehow, to the UN incompatible with the purposes;
• non-interference of the UN to the affairs in essence entering into internal competence of any state

UN aren't obligatory for acceptance by participants of the organization.

This or that country can as ratify this or that contract, not to do it.
The most known conventions and UN declarations:
• Universal declaration of human rights, 1948
• The convention according to the prevention and punishment of a crime of genocide, 1948
• International Covenant on Civil and Political rights, 1966
• The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, is approved and open for signing in 1968
• Convention on the rights of the child, 1989
• Framework convention of the UN on climate change, 1992.
• The Kyoto Protocol, is accepted in 1997, is open for signing in 1998, is ratified by Russia in 2004
• Millennium Declaration, 2000

Declarations and Conventions

are peacekeeping operations of the UN
Implementation of peacekeeping operation of

the UN can be expressed in:
• Investigation of incidents and negotiation with conflicting parties for the purpose of their reconciliation;
• To check of observance of the arrangement on ceasefire;
• Assistance to legality and law and order maintenance;
• Providing humanitarian assistance;
• Supervision over a situation.

measures, seeking to satisfy a number of humanitarian needs, including

for such areas, as agriculture, coordination and support service, economic recovery and infrastructures, education, providing families with housing and nonfoods, a food, health care, the measures connected with mine clearing, protection of human rights and ensuring the rule of law, safety and water supply and sanitation. For this purpose on January 5, 2005 "the emergency appeal" to mobilization of 977 million dollars was made.

The organization showed that it not always is capable to

adapt in due time according to quickly changing world political realities.
In this regard the UN is criticized often for an inefficiency, undemocratic character, a lack of attention to problems of developing countries, by bureaucracy, the unreasonable budget. Some loud financial scandals also were connected with an UN name also. In one of them, according to the program of the help to Iraq "Oil in exchange for the food", Kodjo Annan (Kofi Annan's son) was involved even. UN activity under the leadership of Ban Ki-moon is exposed to similar criticism also.
Also soldiers of the UN probably provoked cholera epidemic on the island of Haiti in 2010 which to the middle of 2013 carried away lives of 8,5 thousand people, and number caught to the middle of 2012 exceeded 6 thousand. Thus the international organization didn't take any measures for assistance to victims epidemics