1 variant: Spoken variety of language and its peculiarities. 2 variant: Written

of language and its peculiarities.

main layers: the literary layer, the neutral layer and the

colloquial layer.

common literary;
2. terms and learned words;
3. poetic words;
4. archaic words;
5.

barbarisms and foreign words;
6. literary coinages including nonce-words.

words;
2. slang;
3. jargonisms;
4. professional words;
5. dialectal words;
6. vulgar words;
7. colloquial

coinages.

under the term standard English vocabulary. Other groups in the

literary layer are regarded as special literary vocabulary and those in the colloquial layer are regarded as special colloquial (non-literary) vocabulary.

colloquial language

Common literаry words are chiefly used in writing and

in polished speech.

Common colloquial words are always more emotionally coloured than literary ones.

chap – fellow
get out – go away – retire
proceed –

go on – continue
teenager – boy (girl) – youth (maiden)
start – get going – commence

But they may as well appear in other styles –

in newspaper style, in publicistic and practically in all other existing styles of language.

create the special elevated atmosphere of poetry. Sometimes they are

used for expressing irony.

in the stage of gradually passing out of general use:

the pronouns thou and its forms thee, thy and thine; the corresponding verbal ending -est and the verb-forms art, wilt (thou makest, thou wilt); the ending -(e)th instead of -(e)s (he maketh) and the pronoun ye.

those that have already gone completely out of use but

are still recognized by the English-speaking community: e. g. methinks ( = it seems to me); nay ( = no).

no longer recognizable in modern English, words that were in

use in Old English, e. g. troth (= faith); a losel (= a worthless, lazy fellow). Archaic words are used in the creation of a realistic background to historical novels.

which have not entirely been assimilated into the English language.

Most of them have corresponding English synonyms; e. g. chic (= stylish); bon mot (= a clever witty saying); en passant (= in passing); ad infinitum (= to infinity) and many other words and phrases.
Barbarisms and foreign words are used in various styles of language, but are most often to be found in the style of belles-lettres and the publicistic style.

“a new word or a new meaning for an established

word.”
Examples are numerous: musicomedy (music+comedy); cinemactress (cinema+actress); and the already recognized blends like smog (smoke+fog); chortle (chuckle+snort). Such words are called blends.
Another type of neologism is the nonce-word, i.e. a word coined to suit one particular occasion:
"You're the bestest good one – she said – the most bestest good one in the world." (H. E. Bates)
“Sevenish” (around seven o'clock); “morish” (a little more) (A. Christie).

as below the level of standard educated speech, and consisting

either of new words or of current words employed in some special sense

attach importance, give credence to'
bread-basket—'the stomach' (a jocular use)
to

do a flit—'to quit one's flat or lodgings at night without paying the rent or board'
rot –'nonsense!'
the cat's pyjamas—'the correct thing'

of words that exists in almost every language and whose

aim is to preserve secrecy within one or another social group.
The following jargons are well known in the English language: the jargon of thieves and vagabonds, generally known as cant; the jargon of jazz people; the jargon of the army, known as military slang; the jargon of sportsmen, etc.

tiger hunter is 'a gambler';
a lexer is 'a student preparing

for a law course'.

tiger hunter is 'a gambler';
a lexer is 'a student preparing

for a law course'.

outskirts of the literary language. Many words have overcome the

resistance of the language lawgivers and purists and entered the standard vocabulary. Thus the words kid, fun, queer, bluff, fib, humbug, formerly slang words or jargonisms, are now considered common colloquial.

trade profession or calling by people connected by common interests

both at work and at home.
Tin-fish (=submarine); block-buster (=a bomb especially designed to destroy blocks of big buildings); piper (=a specialist who decorates pastry with the use of a cream-pipe); a midder case (=a midwifery case); outer (=a knockout blow).

the English national language remained beyond its literary boundaries, and

their use is generally confined to a definite locality.
Lass 'a girl or a beloved girl‘
lad 'a boy or a young man‘
daft 'of unsound mind, silly‘
fash 'trouble, cares'

words which are of an abusive character, like 'damn', 'bloody',

'to hell', 'goddarn' and used now as general exclamations;
2) obscene words.

unlike those of a literary-bookish character are spontaneous and elusive.

This proceeds from the very nature of the colloquial words as such. Not all of the colloquial nonce-words are fixed in dictionaries or even in writing and therefore most of them disappear from the language leaving no trace in it.
to be the limit – 'to be unbearable'