INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES (ICD)

state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not

merely the absence of disease or infirmity


What then is a disease and what are the classifications of diseases?

human, animal, or plant especially one that produces specific signs

or symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury.

health problems in short ICD is the international standard diagnostic

tool for epidemiology, health management and clinical purposes.

ICD is designed as health care classification system which provides the diagnostic codes for classifying diseases including classification of wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external cause of injury or disease.

collection of hospital data.
In 1893, French physician Jacques Bertillon introduced

Bertillon classification of cause of death.
In 1898, American public health association recommended revision of ICD system every 10 years.

the medical certificate are all those diseases, morbid conditions or

injuries which are either resulted or contributed to death and circumstances of accident or violence, which produce any such injuries.
UNDERLYING CAUSE OF DEATH
1. disease or injury which initiated the sequence of events leading directly to death
2. the circumstances of the accident or violence which produced the fetal injury.

to certain characteristics of diseases or injury such as;
The part

of the body affected
The etiological agent
The kind of morbid change produced by the disease or injury
The kind of disturbance of function produced by the disease or injury.

letter and each letter is associated with a particular chapter

except for letter D, which is used in chapter 7 and chapter 8.
Chapter 1,2,19,20 use more than one letter in the first position of their codes.
Each chapter contains sufficient 3 character categories to its contents.
Most of the the 3 character categories are subdivided by means of a 4th numeric character after a decimal point, allowing up to 10 subcategories.

carriers off infectious diseases
Z22.0- carrier of thyroid.
Z22.1- carrier of

intestinal infectious diseases.
Z22.2- carrier of diphtheria.
Z22.3- carrier of specific bacterial diseases.
Z22.4- carrier of infectious with predominantly sexual mode of transmission.

type-(HTLV-1).

Z22.8- carrier of other infectious diseases.

Z22.9- carrier of infectious

disease, unspecified.

Z72.2- drug use.
Z72.3- lack of physical exercise.
Z72.4- Inappropriate.
Z72.5-

high risk sexual behavior.
Z72.6- gambling and betting.
Z72.8- other problems related to lifestyle.
Z72.9- problem related to lifestyle unspecified.

due to meningococcal.
Z22.32: carrier of bacterial diseases due to

staphylococci.
Z22.33: carrier of bacterial diseases due to streptococci.
Z22.34: carrier of bacterial other specified bacterial diseases.

January 1st 1993, revised in 2003.

The main innovation of ICD

10th Revisions are:
Relevant information for ambulatory and managed care encounter.
Expanded injury codes.
New combination codes for diagnosis/symptoms reduce the number of coded needed to describe a problem fully.

towards ICD-11.
The development is taking place on an internet based

workspace called ‘icat’ platform
The draft of the ICD-11 system submitted to WHOs world health assembly(WHA) by 2017 and a final version in 2018.

the real time information about current health situation.

Wider analysis of

community health.

Global health assessment.

diseases.

3) Covers the most common diseases.

4) Country specific modifications of

certain diseases.