assembled using information from various websites or sources across the
web.This presentation uses Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). © 2019 BilimEdtech
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8. CYBERSECURITY
Содержание
- 1. 8. CYBERSECURITY
- 2. Copyright NoticeThis presentation is presented as is.
- 3. 8.1: Cybercrime8.2: Cybersecurity8.3: Common Threats8.1: Cybercrime
- 4. Learning ObjectivesKnow the definitions of cybercrime and
- 5. TerminologyCyber: Relating to the culture of computers,
- 6. Terminology (2)Cybercrime: Criminal activities carried out using computers or the internet
- 7. Terminology (3)Cybersecurity, computer security, or IT security:
- 8. Do I need to worry about cybersecurity?Hackers
- 9. Cybercrime is not NewComputers have been hacked
- 10. Cybercriminals – No Rules!Steady increase in cybercrimeMany
- 11. What do cybercriminals do?Apply all sorts of
- 12. Who are the cybercriminals?Crackers and HackersComputer-savvy programmer
- 13. CybercriminalsCracker / Hacker:Computer-savvy programmer createsattack softwareScript Kiddies:Unsophisticated
- 14. What do cybercriminals want?Make their living through cybercrimesMoneyInformationNotoriety Status, fame
- 15. Categories of Computer CrimesComputer as a ToolComputer as the TargetSelling Illicit GoodsOffensive content or Harassment
- 16. Computer as a ToolUsing a computer to
- 17. Computer as a TargetTargeting a computer or
- 18. Selling Illicit GoodsUsing a computer to sell
- 19. Offensive Content or harassmentThe content of online
- 20. Common Types of CybercrimePhishing: Using fake email
- 21. Cybercrime Legislation WorldwideA worldwide fight against cybercrimes138
- 22. Cybercrime SummaryCybercrime is any criminal activity carried
- 23. 8.1: Cybercrime8.2: Cybersecurity8.3: Common Threats8.2: Cybersecurity
- 24. Learning ObjectivesDefine the goal of cybersecurityDescribe easy
- 25. Cybersecurity GoalYour goal is to make it
- 26. Good Line of DefenseCan you prevent from
- 27. Password Cracking ExampleHackers use “Brute-Force” Password CrackersOne
- 28. Are you a target?Most victims are not
- 29. Who are the easy targets?Easy TargetsUse weak
- 30. Why do Breaches Happen?
- 31. General Protection GuidelinesUse official software (not pirated)Do
- 32. Pirated SoftwarePirated software is software that has been
- 33. Pirated Software (2): Created by CriminalsCrackers hack
- 34. Pirated Software (3): RisksPirated software contains backdoorsCybercriminals
- 35. Pirated Software (4): AssumptionsAll pirated software is
- 36. Pirated Software (5): AssumptionsFree download sites can
- 37. Pirated Software (6): Food for ThoughtWould you
- 38. Pirated Software (7): AlternativesOnly download software from
- 39. Software Updates: Are they important?Crackers find new
- 40. PasswordsBad passwords easily guessed by a computer
- 41. Passwords (2): PassphraseUse a passphrase if you
- 42. Final point to ponderSomeone will always have
- 43. Cybersecurity SummaryGoal: Be a difficult targetEasy targets:
- 44. 8.1: Cybercrime8.2: Cybersecurity8.3: Common Threats8.3: Common Threats
- 45. Learning ObjectivesDescribe the common cyber threatsUnderstand how
- 46. Common Cyber ThreatsMalwareData LeaksUnsolicited EmailOpen WiFi Networks
- 47. MalwareThe word "malware" comes from the term
- 48. Malware (2): How Malware OperatesThe malicious code
- 49. Malware (3): Infection MethodsUntrusted websitesClicking a link
- 50. Malware (4): What They DoWorms self-replicate but
- 51. Malware (5): RansomwareEncrypts your entire computerOnly way
- 52. Malware (6): Infected ComputersAntivirus software can clean
- 53. Malware (7): Protect AgainstUse a reputable antivirus
- 54. Data LeaksRelease of secure information to an
- 55. Data Leaks (2): Data from Websites
- 56. Data Leaks (3) You cannot prevent data
- 57. Data Leaks (4) Cybercriminal plan on users using the same username and password for multiple accounts
- 58. Data Leaks (5): How to Plan Use
- 59. Data Leaks (6): EncryptionEncrypt sensitive dataSecure Folder
- 60. Unsolicited EmailUnsolicited email is a favorite way
- 61. Unsolicited Email (2)Infected attachments: A doc, pdf,
- 62. Unsolicited Email (2): Click HereIf you click
- 63. Unsolicited Email (3): ProtectionIn addition to the
- 64. Open WiFi Access PointsAny data transmitted through
- 65. Common Threats SummaryCommon cyber threatsmalware, data leaks,
- 66. Скачать презентанцию
Copyright NoticeThis presentation is presented as is. This presentation was assembled using information from various websites or sources across the web.This presentation uses Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
Слайды и текст этой презентации
Слайд 2Copyright Notice
This presentation is presented as is. This presentation was
This presentation uses Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). © 2019 BilimEdtech
Слайд 4Learning Objectives
Know the definitions of cybercrime and cybersecurity
Describe cybercriminals
List four
categories of computer crimes
Explain why you should care about cybercriminal
Describe
the difference between Computer as a Tool and Computer as a Target 
Слайд 5Terminology
Cyber: Relating to the culture of computers, information technology, and
virtual reality
Cyberspace: The online world of computer networks
Слайд 7Terminology (3)
Cybersecurity, computer security, or IT security:
Measures taken to
protect a computer against unauthorized access or attack
Слайд 8Do I need to worry about cybersecurity?
Hackers are getting more
sophisticated… and more effective!
Hackers run successful
international enterprises
Hackers hack for
a livingThat what they do, and they’re very good at it!
Слайд 9Cybercrime is not New
Computers have been hacked since their inception
The
first spam email took place in 1978 when it was
sent out over ARPANETThe first virus was installed on an Apple computer by a high school student 1981
Слайд 10Cybercriminals – No Rules!
Steady increase in cybercrime
Many nations refuse to
investigate and prosecute
Hackers and governments can access your unprotected
data Ransomware is increasing – because it works!
Слайд 11What do cybercriminals do?
Apply all sorts of techniques to
steal
personal or financial data
Work silently in the background
They are stealthy
Use
stolen data for their gain
Слайд 12Who are the cybercriminals?
Crackers and Hackers
Computer-savvy programmer who create attack
software
Script Kiddies
Unsophisticated computer users who know how to execute programs
created by the crackersCriminals
Create & sell bots to generate spam
Sell credit card numbers, etc…
Слайд 13Cybercriminals
Cracker / Hacker:
Computer-savvy
programmer creates
attack software
Script Kiddies:
Unsophisticated computer users who
know how to
execute programs
Hacker Bulletin Board
SQL Injection
Buffer overflow
Password Crackers
Password Dictionaries
Successful
attacks!Crazyman broke into …
CoolCat penetrated…
Criminals:
Create & sell bots to generate spam;
Sell credit card numbers, etc…
Posts to
Downloads
Posts to
Reports
Слайд 14What do cybercriminals want?
Make their living through cybercrimes
Money
Information
Notoriety
Status, fame
Слайд 15Categories of Computer Crimes
Computer as a Tool
Computer as the Target
Selling
Illicit Goods
Offensive content or
Harassment
Слайд 16Computer as a Tool
Using a computer to target an individual
Spam,
phishing scams, cyber theft, fraud (deception), identity theft, etc.
These cyberthieves
are scammers,
not technical experts
Слайд 17Computer as a Target
Targeting a computer or system to commit
a crime
Viruses or malware
Destruction or theft of information
Unauthorized access of
a computer or accountA select group of people with technical knowledge commit these crimes
Слайд 18Selling Illicit Goods
Using a computer to sell illicit goods
Drugs trafficking
Counterfeit
products
Stolen items
Weapons
Organized crime groups commit these crimes
Слайд 19Offensive Content or harassment
The content of online information may be
distasteful, obscene or offensive for a variety of reasons
Hate speech
Against
a group based race, religion, ethnic origin, disability, etc.Harassing someone through cyberspace
Stalking, threats of violence, cyberbullying
Слайд 20Common Types of Cybercrime
Phishing: Using fake email messages to get
personal information from internet users
Identity theft (misusing personal information)
Illegal pornography
Hacking:
Shutting down or misusing websites or computer networksSpreading hate and inciting terrorism;
Grooming: making sexual advances to minors.
Слайд 21Cybercrime Legislation Worldwide
A worldwide fight against cybercrimes
138 countries have created laws
to fight cybercriminals
However, 20% of countries do not have any
legislation 
Слайд 22Cybercrime Summary
Cybercrime is any criminal activity carried out using computers
or the internet
Cybersecurity is taking measures to protect a computer
from unauthorized accessCybercriminals exploit others for their personal gain
Cybercrime categories: Computer as a tool, as the target, selling illicit goods, offensive content and harassment
Computer as a tool: When an individual is a primary target
Computer as a target: When a computer is a target
Слайд 24Learning Objectives
Define the goal of cybersecurity
Describe easy targets
Explain general guidelines
of protection against cyber threats
Describe why pirated software is not
safeState why software updates are important
Describe the difference between a password and a passphrase
Слайд 25Cybersecurity Goal
Your goal is to make it as difficult as
possible to dissuade a hacker from getting your data or
from being a victim of cybercrimeCybercriminals go after easy targets unless the victim has something of great value
Слайд 26Good Line of Defense
Can you prevent from being a victim
of cybercrime?
If a professional hacker or government surveillance wants your
information, they will get it.Make them work them for it! In doing so, they might give up and move on to an easier target
Minimizes the chances of being a victim
Слайд 27Password Cracking Example
Hackers use “Brute-Force” Password Crackers
One group cracked 2700
“bad” passwords in 30 seconds
The crack program ran for 48
hours more and did not crack the 250 remaining “good” passwordsDo the hackers keep trying to get the remaining 250 passwords? Or do they find easier targets?
Your goal: Be one of the 250
Слайд 28Are you a target?
Most victims are not specifically targeted
They are
bystanders or part of a larger cybercrime operation
A lot of
information is out of your controlLogins from a website you use is hacked and your password was leaked
Control what you can control
Слайд 29Who are the easy targets?
Easy Targets
Use weak passwords
Reuse passwords
Respond to
spam
Click links in emails
Visit shady internet sites
Run pirated software
Difficult Targets
Security
consciousUnderstand the dangers and risks
Use encryption
Use Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)
Слайд 31General Protection Guidelines
Use official software (not pirated)
Do not visit shady
websites
Update software regularly
Use a reputable antivirus program
Use strong passwords
Do not
reuse passwords
Слайд 32Pirated Software
Pirated software is software that has been copied or distributed
for free against the wishes of the creator
Popular choices
Windows 7/10
Microsoft
OfficeKaspersky Lab
Adobe products
Слайд 33Pirated Software (2): Created by Criminals
Crackers hack software for a
living
They do not do it for the goodwill of the
communityThey are not Robin Hood
If they crack software, they do so to help their criminal enterprise
They can control the computers of those who install it
Слайд 34Pirated Software (3): Risks
Pirated software contains backdoors
Cybercriminals use your computer
in many ways
Mine for Bitcoins or cryptocurrencies
Send spam
Launch cyber attacks
Monitor
communications for financial information
Слайд 35Pirated Software (4): Assumptions
All pirated software is compromised
All cracking software
used to hack official versions
contains malware
Слайд 36Pirated Software (5): Assumptions
Free download sites can be dangerous, even
for free software, such as Adobe PDF
Could contain unofficial versions
of
the software with malware
Слайд 37Pirated Software (6): Food for Thought
Would you install a free
lock on your door from a mafia street vendor?
What are
the risks?Similarly, why would you trust a hacker with your computer and data?
Слайд 38Pirated Software (7): Alternatives
Only download software from official sources
microsoft.com; adobe.com;
google.com; mozilla.org;
Do not use cracking software to unlock software
Use
free alternativesGIMP - GNU Image Manipulation Program
Linux
FreeOffice
Google Drive
Слайд 39Software Updates: Are they important?
Crackers find new exploits all the
time
Write software to exploit these
Script kiddies and cybercriminals
purchase the
hacker’s software
to use the exploitsRunning up-to-date software patches these vulnerabilities
Слайд 40Passwords
Bad passwords easily guessed by a computer program
Qwerty; 123456; password;
superman; p@ssword
Good passwords are long and have special characters and
numbers. They do not make sense, such as:
KN%6hGYgEqdVvAt7#W!cVk31
Слайд 41Passwords (2): Passphrase
Use a passphrase if you need to memorize
your password
Strong passwords require a password safe
Memorize a passphrase (can
use special letters)Positive message: I want 2 smile more :)
Random words: Yellow-green pancakes 4bfast
Some phrase: Te@ is better with milk
A memory: Remember Turkey 2017?
Слайд 42Final point to ponder
Someone will always have your data
You give
them permission to read the emails and your documents by
using the serviceDo you trust them?
Who do you trust more not to abuse your data?
mail.ru/.kz
Gmail.com
yandex.ru/.kz
any-email-address /.com/.ru/.cn/.eu/.abc
Слайд 43Cybersecurity Summary
Goal: Be a difficult target
Easy targets: People with a
low awareness of cybersecurity; don’t take measures to protect themselves
onlineProtection guidelines: Use official software that automatically updates, do not visit shady websites, and choose strong passwords
Pirated software: Are tools of hackers
Software updates: Fix recent exploits in software
Password: UecX6JxZJ^cJ$;
Passphrase: I like d33p blue!
Слайд 45Learning Objectives
Describe the common cyber threats
Understand how malware works
List the
ways that malware infects computers
Describe how to protect against data
leaksExplain the dangers links in unsolicited email
Describe security risks when using public WiFi
Слайд 47Malware
The word "malware" comes from
the term "MALicious softWARE."
Malware is any
software that infects and damages a computer system without the
owner's knowledge or permission
Слайд 48Malware (2): How Malware Operates
The malicious code attaches itself to
a program, file, or disk
When the program executes, the virus
activates and replicates itselfThe virus works in background, often without knowledge of the user
Слайд 49Malware (3): Infection Methods
Untrusted websites
Clicking a link in email
Downloading a
file
Malicious JavaScript
Email attachments
Pirated software
Flash drives
Another computer on the network
Слайд 50Malware (4): What They Do
Worms self-replicate but do not cause
harm
Viruses can cause the computer crashes, loss of data,
Trojan horses
steal data and provide a backdoor for the cybercriminalSpyware collects data from the infected machine
Keyloggers record all of a user’s keystrokes
Fake antivirus software allows malware to remain undetected
This is true for pirated/hacked antivirus software
Слайд 51Malware (5): Ransomware
Encrypts your entire computer
Only way to get access
to your files is to pay the cybercriminal
Слайд 52Malware (6): Infected Computers
Antivirus software can clean some malware, but
not all
Might require the user to reinstall the operating system
User’s
data may or may not be salvaged
Слайд 53Malware (7): Protect Against
Use a reputable antivirus program
Keep your computer
up to date
Do not visit untrusted websites
Do not click unknown
links in an emailDo not download files from unknown sources
Do not use pirated software
Most pirated software contains malware
Слайд 54Data Leaks
Release of secure information to an untrusted environment
Cybercriminals frequently
post hacked usernames and passwords from websites
One online hacker’s database
has 1.4 billion usernames and passwords
Слайд 56Data Leaks (3)
You cannot prevent data leaks
Instead, plan for
your username, password, and other sensitive data to be leaked
online
Слайд 57Data Leaks (4)
Cybercriminal plan on users using the same
username and password for multiple accounts
Слайд 58Data Leaks (5): How to Plan
Use a unique username
and password combination for each account
Use a password manager
LastPass
1Password
KeePass
Use two-factor
authentication
Слайд 59Data Leaks (6): Encryption
Encrypt sensitive data
Secure Folder (Samsung)
BitLocker (Windows 7/10
Pro )
VeraCrypt (Windows)
7zip encrypts compressed files (Any)
The easiest to use
You
will learn how to use 7zip in a lab
Слайд 60Unsolicited Email
Unsolicited email is a favorite way for cybercriminal to
get access to a computer or an account
Phishing: Tricking the
user to
giving account informationClick Here: The link takes a user to a malicious website
Слайд 61Unsolicited Email (2)
Infected attachments: A doc, pdf, or another file
that contain malicious software
Self-replicating: Once you are infected, the malware
uses your account to send the infected email to everyone in your address book
Слайд 62Unsolicited Email (2): Click Here
If you click a malicious link
or fall for a phishing scam, it might be too
late…Drive-by downloads: Malicious software can install just by visiting a website (virus, ransomware, keylogger)
Ransomware: 93% of all phishing emails are now ransomware
Слайд 63Unsolicited Email (3): Protection
In addition to the malware protection guidelines:
Know
how to identify fake email or spam
Never click a link
in an email, not even from a friend, unless you know it is safeNever click a password reset link. Instead, go to the website directly
Mouse over a link to verify the URL
Слайд 64Open WiFi Access Points
Any data transmitted through an unsecured WiFi
connection can be easily collected
Intercepting login credentials
Only use SSL/HTTPS when
logging into your sitesUnderstand the risks and use with care
Virus threat from infected users
Better to use mobile data through your phone
Слайд 65Common Threats Summary
Common cyber threats
malware, data leaks, unsolicited email, and
public WiFi
Malware is malicious software that runs the background
From: untrusted
websites, email attachments, pirated software, infected flash drives, or infected computers on a networkData leaks publish private data online
Harmful websites automatically install malware when visited
Public WiFi expose unencrypted data, such as passwords
