Nosogeography,endemic species, areas to settle in india

S.I.Georgivsky”CFU named by V.i.vernadskiy”
department of medical biology
Student: Sunny Ashley

Mary 196B
Course conducted by: Svetlana Smirnova

distribution of diseases.
Geographical causes:Geographic isolation is a primary cause for species endemism. When

an animal or plant species is said to be endemic to a certain location, it means that the said species is unique to that place, appearing nowhere else on the planet. Geographic isolation is a primary cause for species endemism.Changes in the climate due to the atmospheric changes in earth.Changes in the availability of adaptations for species.

or population. Epidemic. a widespread occurrence of a disease that attacks many

species at the same time and can spread through one or multiple communities.

conserve endemic species????

be endemic to large or small areas of the earth: some are endemic to

a particular continent, some to part of a continent, and others to a single island. For example, kangaroos are originally endemic to Australia and are found nowhere else in the world.

such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone,

or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa and the glacier bear is endemic to Southeast Alaska.An alternative term for a species that is endemic is precinctive, which applies to species (and other taxonomic levels) that are restricted to a defined geographical area.

stag
Nilgiri tahr
Purple frog
Pygmy hog
Namdpaha flying squirrel
Anaimalai gliging frog
Malabar civet
Nilgiri

blue robin
Bronze back vine snake

grow in a particular place, adapting to the local environment

and continuing to live within the limits of that environment. This type of endemism is identified as autochthonous or native to the place where it is found.
Changes in the Climatic conditions and geographical barriers
Narrow ecological amplitude and poor adaptability of species

to anthropogenic (man-made) threats due to their unique evolutionary history

and relatively low population size.
So there are many hotspots in india to reserve and protect these species for the future.

of reasons.
First, since endemic species have a generally restricted distribution, threats

to endemics carry more risk of extinction than for broadly distributed species.
Second, according to the book Climate Change and Biodiversity, edited by Thomas E. Lovejoy and Lee Hannah, when an endemic plant species becomes extinct, it takes with it between 10 and 30 endemic animal species.
Third, endemics, by definition, are highly adapted to their home range.  As conditions within their range change, whether from anthropogenic or natural causes, their adaptations can function as a source of competitive strength or weakness.
Thus, endemic species are a focus for the conservation of biological diversity, or biodiversity.

species i.e, biological hotspots???

that is both a significant reservoir of biodiversity and is threatened with

destruction. The term biodiversity hotspot specifically refers to 25 biologically rich areas around the world that have lost at least 70 percent of their original habitat.

the Indo-Burma region and the Sundaland (Includes Nicobar group of

Islands). These hotspots have numerous endemic species.
UNESCO recognized one of the global biodiversity hotspots in India, Western Ghats are completely covered by dense Rain forests. These ghats are the homelands to around 77% of the amphibians and 62% of the reptiles.

regions of the world where attention is needed to address biodiversity loss

and to guide investments in conservation. Biodiversity is the major part of life on Earth, faces a crisis of historic proportions.
Every minute organism and plant or a big mammal or tree plays an important role in the ecosystem. These biodiversity hotspots are the home to thousands of such endemic organisms, plants, and vegetation. Thus, have a huge impact on the ecosystem and biosphere.