Oliver Cromwell: Great reformer of England

“Garmoniya”
Teacher: O.L. Poluyan

Huntingdon on 25 April 1599, to Robert Cromwell and Elizabeth

Steward. He was the second son of the ten children.
At Cromwell’s home was an atmosphere of Puritan piety, with its belief that "every act in the sight of God." The tone in the family asked the mother of Oliver Elizabeth Steward.

of St John in Huntingdon, where he was taught by

Dr Thomas Beard, then spent a year at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge. However, his university career was cut short by the death of his father in June 1617. He returned home to manage his family estate and to look after his widowed mother and seven unmarried sisters.
Early biographers claim he then attended Lincoln's Inn, but the Inn's archives retain no record of him.

the Parliament of 1628–1629, as a client of the Montagu

family of Hinchingbrooke House.
After dissolving this Parliament, Charles I ruled without a Parliament for the next 11 years. Cromwell was returned to Parliament as member for Cambridge in 1640. This Parliament became known as the Long Parliament. It was the beginning of a political career Cromwell.

August 1642, Cromwell took up arms for Parliament. Cromwell gained

experience in a number of successful actions in East Anglia in 1643.
Cromwell had no formal training in military tactics. His strengths were an instinctive ability to lead and train his men, and his moral authority. He became a regimental commander in the rank of Colonel soon.

of the Parliament, Cromwell abolished the privilege of gentlemen to

the replacement command positions. Under his command, to the rank of Colonel were promoted, thanks to their personal dignities, the skipper, driver, shoemaker, a boilermaker and the other soldiers of the parliamentary army.

one of the few Members of Parliament exempted from resigning

his commission in the army under its terms. He was officially appointed lieutenant-general of horse under Sir Thomas Fairfax in the New Model Army.
Charles I was executed on 30 January 1649. After the execution of the King, a republic was declared, known as the "Commonwealth of England".

the side of the "Roundheads" or Parliamentarians. Nicknamed "Old Ironsides",

he was quickly promoted from leading a single cavalry troop to become one of the principal commanders of the New Model Army, playing an important role in the defeat of the royalist forces. Cromwell was named the winner of the civil war.

Rump Parliament by force, setting up a short-lived nominated assembly

known as Barebone's Parliament, before being invited by his fellow leaders to rule as Lord Protector of England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland from 16 December 1653. As a ruler he executed an aggressive and effective foreign policy.

September 1658—the anniversary of his victories at Dunbar and Worcester.

After his death from natural causes in 1658 he was buried in Westminster Abbey, but after the Royalists returned to power in 1660 they had his corpse dug up, hung in chains, and also beheaded.

and statistics
http://www.olivercromwell.org/ — The Cromwell Association website
http://bcw-project.org/biography/oliver-cromwell
http://www.history.com/topics/british-history/oliver-cromwell