Антитеза

(4 часть)

которой противопоставляются контрастирующие идеи.
Например:
Some people have much to

live on, and little to live for. (O.Wilde).
If we don’t know who gains by his death we do know who loses by it. (A.Christie)
Mrs. Nork had a large home and a small husband. (S.Lewis)
Don’t use big words. They mean so little. (O.Wilde)

is often the downfall of
man. (S.Evans)
Языковая (является выразительным средством), например:

now or never, in black and white.

слов, имеющих одинаковые грамматические, но разные семантические связи с другими

словами фразы или предложения.
Например:
1) He will put on kimono, airs, and the water to boil for coffee.
2) She possessed two false teeth and a sympathetic heart.
(явная логическая и семантическая несовместимость при наличии одинаковых грамматических связей)

Функция (стилистический эффект):
создание комической ситуации.

Примечание:
*слово, используемое в двух значениях не повторяется:
She lost her heart and necklace.

слов или омонимов одновременно в двух и более значениях для

создания комического эффекта.
Например:
«Did you hit a woman with a child?»
«No, I hit her with a stick.»
*В отличии от зевгмы при языковой игре слово, используемое в двух значениях может повторяться.

и контекстуального значений слов.
Например:
I don’t consult physicians, for

I hope to die without their help. (W. Temple)
Apart from splits based on politics, racial, religious and ethic backgrounds and specific personality differences, we’re just one cohesive team. (D. Uhnak)

действительности стоит порицание.

Например,
She turned with the sweet smile of

an alligator. (J. Steinbeck)
With all the expressiveness of a stone Welsh stared at him another twenty seconds apparently hoping to see him gag. (R. Chandler)
Last time it was a nice, simple, European-style war. (I. Shaw)

содержит оригинальную мысль.
Например:
Less is more.
All animals are equal. But

some animals are more equal.

контрастных по значению семантически несочетаемых слов.
Например:
* ”low skyscraper”, “sweet sorrow”,

“nice rascal”, “pleasantly ugly face”, “horribly beautiful”, “a deafening silence from Whitehall” (The Morning Star)
* ”the beauty of the dead”, “to shout mutely”, “to cry silently”, “the street damaged by improvements” (O.Henry), “silence was louder than thunder” (J.Updike)
* And faith unfaithful kept him falsely true. (A.Tennyson)

All is not gold that is glitters. - Не всё

то золото, что блестит.
Every cloud has a silver lining. – Нет худа без добра.

The operation is over. On the table, the knife lies

spent, on its side, the bloody meal smear-dried upon its flanks. The knife rests." (Richard Selzer, "The Knife")
- "The road isn't built that can make it breathe hard!" (slogan for Chevrolet automobiles)

персонажи или факты.
Например:
- I violated the Noah rule: predicting

rain doesn't count; building arks does.
- "Senator Obama's call to 'ask not just what our government can do for us, but what we can do for ourselves' had an even more direct connection to the inaugural address of the first G.I. Generation president of the United States”. (Rutgers Univ. Press, 2008)